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Q:
Any public policy discussion involves politics. Which of the following is not accurate with respect to ethics and the political aspects of applied research?
a. there is no set of political norms that are agreed upon by all criminal justice researchers
b. just as there are codes for ethical conduct for researchers, there are formal codes of accepted political conduct
c. ethics of criminal justice research deals more with the methods used while political issues are more concerned with the substance and use of the research
d. there is no formal code of accepted political conduct
Q:
Which term is used to describe the concern with making decisions that are arrived at throughprocedures that are viewed as fair?
a. Individual rights
b. Crime control
c. Due process
d. Procedural justice
Q:
Which of the following is in contrast to incident-oriented policing?
a. problem-oriented policing
b. reactive-oriented policing
c. call for service policing
d. report-driven policing
Q:
Explain some of the ethical issues involved in DNA collection and profiling.
Q:
Explain how crime mapping can benefit patrol deployment.
Q:
The relationship between policy analysis and program evaluation is best characterized as:
a. both rely upon clearly identical goals and objectives
b. program evaluation is used to test the achievement of goals and objectives worked out through policy analysis
c. program evaluation must precede policy analysis
d. there is no relationship between policy analysis and program evaluation
Q:
What are your feelings regarding private security and the fourth amendment? Shouldprivate security guards be entitled to conduct searches?
Q:
Policy analysis searches for:
a. actions that will be accepted by funding agencies
b. operational definitions of policy terms
c. the consequences that would follow the implementation of various courses of action
d. whether the policy should be implemented
Q:
Explain some of the ways local, county, and state police agencies have been working toaddress terrorism since 9/11.
Q:
Policy analysis is used to:
a. help gather data
b. select an alternative course of action
c. produce an explanation
d. all of the above
Q:
Which of the following is not correct with respect to process evaluations?
a. information about program implementation can be linked to outcome measures, even when accompanied by a process evaluation
b. process evaluation aids in interpreting results from impact assessments
c. process evaluations are useful when a researcher is interested in the performance of specific tasks within a program
d. process evaluations assume that tasks within a program are linked to program outcomes
Q:
Explain the reaction to the Rodney King incident and how community policingcounteracted some of its effects.
Q:
What can be said about the relationship between process evaluations and impact assessments?
a. process evaluations can be used in interpreting results from an impact assessment
b. process evaluations monitor program implementation and questions about a program's effects
c. process evaluations are a method of assessing the accuracy of the data collected
d. there is no relationship between impact assessments and process evaluations
Q:
In the home detention studies used in your text as examples of randomized studies, the authors concluded that:
a. randomization allows generalization
b. randomization allows for reliability
c. randomization does not control for variation in treatment integrity and program delivery
d. randomization does control for variation in treatment integrity and program delivery
Q:
Explain the onset of early police professionalism.
Q:
What is AFIS, and how does it help law enforcement officers?
Q:
Discuss three of the branches and functions of the newly formed Department of HomelandSecurity.
Q:
Randomized experiments for evaluation purposes require which of the following?
a. case flow must be adequate to produce enough subjects in both the experimental and the control groups
b. program staff must accept random assignment and minimize the exceptions to randomization
c. experimental interventions must be consistently applied
d. all of the above
Q:
Summarize the four levels of law enforcement in the United States.
Q:
What are the duties of the U.S. Marshals?
Q:
Treatment integrity is roughly equivalent to:
a. reliability
b. validity
c. generalizability
d. the accuracy of the data
Q:
If the number of subjects in a program is small, statistical tests can detect only very large program effects of differences in outcome measures between the two groups. This illustrates the problem of:
a. generalizability
b. statistical conclusion validity
c. maturation
d. reliability
Q:
What services does the FBI offer to local law enforcement agencies?
Q:
Discuss policing in the United States in the 1960s.
Q:
Relating to randomization, which of the following statements is not accurate?
a. as the number of exceptions to random assignment increases, the statistical equivalence of the experimental and control groups decreases
b. when exceptions to random assignment are made, bias enters the selection process
c. randomization in experiments for evaluation purposes are best suited for programs where exceptions are at a minimum
d. randomization in experiments for evaluation purposes are best suited for programs where there are many exceptions
Q:
Which principle of policing proposed by Sir Robert Peel do you feel is the most important andwhy?
Q:
Randomization may not be appropriate for assignment of people to treatment or programs for all of the following reasons except:
a. practical reasons
b. agency support
c. ethical reasons
d. legal reasons
Q:
__________ technology consists of software and information systems such as crimemapping and gunshot locators.
Q:
With regard to evaluation designs, which of the following statements is not accurate?
a. variation in the levels of treatment delivered by a program can be a major threat to the validity of even randomized evaluation studies
b. uncontrolled variation in treatment is equivalent to unreliable measurement of the independent variable
c. controlled variation in treatment represents a threat to generalizability
d. varying degrees of participation by clients in a program will impact the outcome
Q:
__________ technology consists of new materials and equipment, such as Tasers andspecialized metal detectors, used by the police to catch criminals or prevent crime.
Q:
Which of the following would a researcher completing an impact assessment be concerned with?
a. understanding how participants are selected
b. measuring the dependent variable
c. measuring the success of the program
d. measuring the independent variable
Q:
Program goals represent:
a. empirical indicators
b. desired outcomes
c. inputs
d. standards
Q:
In order to measure a program's success in meeting goals, the researcher should be able to do which of the
following in advance of the inception of the research?
a. involve measureable performance dimensions
b. all important terms must have non-controversial definitions
c. relevant standards or criteria must be specified
d. all of the above
Q:
The _______________ is the legal arm of the federal government and is headed by theAttorney General.
Q:
Since 2000, police agencies have been investing more in _______________-based practice,in order to increase efficiency, and "do more with less."
Q:
In England, the _________________ was the chief law enforcement official of a countyand the equivalent of a modern day sheriff.
Q:
All of the following would be examples of goal statements that must be clarified before empirical testing can follow except for:
a. encouraging participants to accept the philosophy of a drug-free life
b. encouraging participants to be equipped with the life skills necessary to succeed
c. encouraging participants to obtain their GED upon completion of the program
d. providing participants with problem-solving skills
Q:
When a researcher prepares their understanding of a program's goals, elements, and operations, she is preparing a
program:
a. evaluation
b. description
c. analysis
d. hypothesis
Q:
The four main levels of law enforcement in the United States are ____________,_____________, _______________, and __________.
Q:
Which of the following is not something of concern in the evaluability assessment?
a. determine the degree of support for your project
b. determine what the general program goals are as well as the specific objectives
c. determine how the goals are translated into the program components
d. whether the people in the organization have some sort of direct or indirect stake in the program
Q:
_______________________ involves personalized service and decentralized policing, citizenempowerment, and an effort to reduce community fear of crime, disorder, and decay.
Q:
____________________ can classify fingerprints and identify up to 250 characteristics on theprint.
Q:
Which of the following represents potential problems in doing evaluation research?
a. conflicting goals
b. clearly stated goals
c. ability to express policy goals in the "ifthen" form that can be empirically tested
d. all of the above
Q:
____________________ is defined as automated methods of recognizing a person based onphysiological or behavioral characteristics.
Q:
At what stage does problem analysis take place?
a. policy implementing
b. later study
c. program evaluation
d. policy making
Q:
____________________ gives the police the ability to analyze detailed visuals of crimepatterns.
Q:
Which of the following is a type of program evaluation?
a. exploratory studies
b. content assessment
c. impact assessment
d. content analysis
Q:
The ____________________ investigates counterfeiting and other financial crimes.
Q:
Which of the following statements is accurate concerning program evaluations?
a. program evaluation is designed to link the intended actions and goals of policy to empirical evidence that supports them having the desired effects
b. program evaluation is concerned only with whether policies are popular
c. program evaluation is concerned with whether policies are ethical
d. all of the above
Q:
Which of the following would not be an example of problem analysis?
a. find the most cost effective manner to maintain prison capacity at established levels
b. determine the most efficient manner in assigning felony cases to circuit judges
c. determine the average sentence given for those convicted of armed robbery within the state of Georgia
d. what is the best manner to reduce the response time by police officers in calls for service
Q:
____________________ is paramount in the private policing context, whereas public policingrelies more heavily on the detection of criminal acts and the apprehension of suspects.
Q:
The ____________________ helps control sales of untaxed liquor and cigarettes.
Q:
Which of the following does not represent steps in the policy analysis process?
a. there is a demand for some new course of action or strong opposition to an existing policy
b. formulate a hypothesis that will allow for exploration
c. identify the ultimate goals and the different actions for achieving those goals
d. consider the impact of the policy outputs
Q:
Evaluation research is designed to:
a. be cost effective
b. determine if a program is effective in its implementation
c. determine what the public policy should be
d. be published
Q:
____________________ is concerned with guarding private property from theft, trespass, anddamage.
Q:
____________________ gained national attention during the O.J. Simpson trial; it allowssuspects to be identified on the basis of the genetic material found in hair, blood, and otherbodily tissues and fluids.
Q:
This type of analysis can help public officials plan and select an alternative action:
a. evaluation analysis
b. evidence-based analysis
c. policy analysis
d. problem analysis
Q:
Which of the following is accurate concerning the use of evaluation research?
a. it is gaining in popularity among researchers but it will likely not make a difference
b. federal requirements for program evaluations often accompany the implementation of new programs
c. funding is usually not available for program evaluations
d. it is only of value to the agency you study
Q:
Quasi-experiments differ from true experiments in that they lack random assignment to control and experimental groups.
a. True
b. False
Q:
____________________ was the chief of police in Berkeley, California, who helped found theSchool of Criminology at the University of California.
Q:
On the western frontier of the early United States, where formal law enforcement had fewresources, the law was often enforced by ____________________, or groups of citizensenforcing the law through their own means.
Q:
____________________ is credited with the passage of the Metropolitan PoliceAct, which established the first organized police force in London.
Q:
Not only is it necessary to measure dependent variables in impact assessment, the researcher also needs to measure the context within which the program is conducted.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Some states now permit the taking of DNA from arrestees.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Stakeholders are persons and organizations with an indirect interest in a program.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The National Insurance Crime Bureau (NICB) is a federal agency charged withinvestigating suspicious auto insurance claims.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Evaluation apprehension occurs when people fear that their own job performance is being rated.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The good thing about applied studies such as program evaluation is that they do not require the same degree of planning as do survey designs.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Private police focus largely on prevention.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Goaloriented public policies can be viewed as "ifthen" statements: if some policy action is taken, then we expect
some result to be produced.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Customs and Border Patrol (CBP) and Immigrations and Customs Enforcement (ICE) arebranches of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
a. True
b. False
Q:
Outputs refer to the basic question of what a policy action is trying to achieve while impacts refer to the means of achieving desired policy goals.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Terrorism is a major focus of police agencies today.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Many police agencies invested in computer technology in the 1970s because of fundingprovided by the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA).
a. True
b. False
Q:
The policy process, like the research process in general, is fluid and does not always "start at the beginning and conclude at the end".
a. True
b. False
Q:
Problem analysis focuses upon whether the intended result was produced.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The Metropolitan Police Act established the first organized police force in London.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The U.S. Marshals work with law enforcement authorities at the federal, state, and locallevels to apprehend felons.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Like survey designs and field studies, evaluation research refers to the research purpose not a specific research method.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Which of the following is an example of content analysis in criminal justice research?
a. counting the number of stories devoted to the coverage of crime in your local newspaper
b. counting the number of robberies that happen in your city
c. measuring the average length of time from arrest to disposition in your city
d. determining the average number of inmates housed in your city's jail on a daily basis