Q&A Hero

Q: Which of the following is NOT true about African American workers? a. African American men are more subject to unemployment than white men due to layoffs and firings. b. African Americans, on average, earn about two thirds to half as much as white workers. c. African American workers have become increasingly isolated in ghetto areas of large cities. d. Discrimination is limited to less educated African American workers.

Q: In narrative career counseling, Awavering@ is seen as a. an opportunity to find meaning in one's career path. b. a hindrance to making good career decisions. c. a means of combining observational and instrumental learning. d. an opportunity to develop one's sense of career self-efficacy.

Q: Which of the following counselor statements is inappropriate when counseling a female client? a. Because women are not as strong as men they are not as qualified as men to do roofing work. b. Please tell me what appeals to you about roofing. c. Roofing can be hazardous due to the need to work high off of the ground. d. Women can do roofing work.

Q: Terms such as protagonist and action are associated with a. attachment theory. b. Holland's typological theory. c. narrative career counseling. d. personal construct career counseling

Q: Information on gender and pay shows that a. men tend to earn more while women earn less. b. women tend to earn more while men earn less. c. women tend to enter highly paid professions. d. women receive high salaries early in their careers.

Q: In narrative career counseling, which of the following would not be considered an instrument? a. family b. friends c. one's abilities d. the counselor's office

Q: As a group, women tend to have a. less turnover in jobs than men. b. higher paying jobs than men. c. lower paying jobs than men d. more health problems than men.

Q: According to Savickas, micronarratives are used in the____________ phase of constructivist counseling. a. constructing b. deconstructing c. intuiting d. wavering

Q: Employment or unemployment rates include a. all unemployed individuals. b. individuals receiving welfare payments. c. individuals that have been laid off. d. unemployed individuals actively looking for work.

Q: In narrative career counseling, the client is seen as a (an) a. agent. b. counselor. c. patient. d. poet.

Q: In the U.S., women are more likely to accept work that men might not because women a. are more compliant. b. tend to move in and out of the labor force more frequently. c. are paid less. d. are frequently members of unions.

Q: Narrative career counselors are likely to view the client's career as a a. comic book b. magazine. c. novel. d. poem.

Q: Knowledge of the structure of the labor market can help counselors by pointing out to their clients that a. jobs vary to the degree that they lead to advancement or better paying jobs. b. regular attendance at school throughout high school is very important. c. selecting a career goal before leaving high school is very important. d. they should consider their interests and abilities as well as job openings.

Q: Viewing a client's career as a story is associated with a. attachment theory. b. Holland's typological theory. c. narrative career counseling. d. personal construct career counseling.

Q: Counselors can use their knowledge of the structure of the labor market in their work by pointing out to their clients that a. jobs that are easy to get in high school may be dead end jobs with little opportunity for advancement. b. regular attendance at school throughout high school is very important. c. selecting a career goal before leaving high school is very important. d. they should consider their interests and abilities as well as job openings.

Q: In using a vocational card sort, a counselor using personal narrative career counseling would be likely to a. compute percent of Aaccepts@, Amaybes@, and Arejects@ cards. b. give clients occupational information on Aaccepts@ cards. c. inquire about reasons clients have for accepting cards. d. total results from an interest inventory and combine them with results from a card sort.

Q: A valid criticism of studies of the structure of the labor market is that a. an individual's stage in life is not adequately considered. b. different researchers define major sectors of the economy differently. c. research focuses too closely on earnings as a goal. d. prestige is used as the major criterion for success.

Q: In constructivist counseling a. counselors examine how their clients derive meaning form interaction with others. b. the choice of an occupation is carefully constructed one step at a time. c. there is an emphasis on rational decision making. d. universal constructs apply to culturally diverse populations.

Q: The primary labor market and other higher segments of the labor market are associated with a. high pay. b. low pay. c. high turnover. d. low status.

Q: Social construction refers to a. a school of philosophy. b. the view that all answers are correct. c. how interactions with others affects peoples' view of their world. d. circumscription and compromise.

Q: Which of these descriptions does NOT apply to the lower sections of the labor market? a. high turnover b. low pay c. low social status d. good working conditions

Q: For constructivist career counselors, career counseling should focus on a. early childhood development. b. career as a way of providing meaning in life c. interests, abilities, values, and personality. d. occupational information.

Q: Which of the following is most associated with human capital theory? a. actions b. earnings c. interests d. prestige

Q: According to Savickas, life designing includes a. deconstructing b. modernism. c. wavering d. structuring

Q: One of the major criticisms of human capital theory is that it assumes a. a labor market that is open to everyone regardless of race or gender. b. all individuals are equal in their abilities. c. parental child raising style does not appear to predict later occupational entry. d. intellectual characteristics of individuals are unimportant.

Q: Objective reality is important to a. modernists. b. postmodernists. c. constructivists. d. all of these.

Q: Which of these theories most closely resembles human capital theory? a. general trait and factor theory b. Myers-Briggs type theory c. Roe's theory d. Phillips's developmental relational model

Q: Constructivism refers to a. emphasizing scientific proof. b. perception of one's own reality. c. methods for providing positive feedback to clients. d. standards for entering construction trades.

Q: Betsy has been a veterinarian's assistant for three years. She has decided to go to veterinary school despite the large expense. She believes it will pay off financially and in terms of job satisfaction. Betsy's decision can best be explained by a. the structure of the labor market. b. human capital theory. c. Super's adult development theory. d. status attainment theory.

Q: Which of the following responses would be most appropriate to make after Jacob says: "I just learned an hour ago that I have been transferred to a city that I would hate to live in. I have been with the firm for seven years." a. There are plenty of jobs in our city. Why don't you try an employment agency. b. What a terrible shock. It seems like it really took you by surprise. c. Why don't you ask you're boss what you did wrong to make him transfer you? d. You can find a job like you have now, somewhere else.

Q: Mavis decides that after spending two years as a cashier that it would be a good idea for her to go to business school so that she can make a better income. Mavis's decision can best be explained by a. human capital theory. b. status attainment theory. c. the structure of the labor market. d. work adjustment theory.

Q: Which of the following responses would be most appropriate to make after Jennifer says: "I just learned an hour ago that I have been fired from my job as a security guard. I have been with the firm for five years."a. There are plenty of jobs for security guards. Why don't you try an employment agency?b. What a terrible shock. It seems like it really took you by surprise.c. Why don't you ask you're boss what you did wrong to make him fire you?d. You can find a job as a security guard somewhere else.

Q: Which of the following theories views an individual like a firm? a. human capital theory b. status attainment theory c. social cognitive career theory d. work adjustment theory

Q: The term "double jeopardy" could refer to which of the following groups? a. Latino men b. Latina women c. White men d. White women

Q: From status attainment theory, counselors can learn a. inventory interpretation techniques. b. the importance of helping clients counter sociological pressures. c. the role that interests and abilities play in career development. d. the role that parental attitudes play in career choice.

Q: The term "double jeopardy" could refer to which of the following groups? a. Asian men b. Asian women c. White men d. White women

Q: Which of these theories focuses on prestige as a measure of occupational success? a. human capital theory b. status attainment theory c. Holland's theory d. work adjustment theory

Q: The most severe type of sexual harassment is a. sexual assault. b. sexual bribery. c. sexual coercion. d. verbal remarks.

Q: Which of the following is most associated with status attainment theory? a. ability b. earnings c. interests d. prestige

Q: Which of these statements about research on the incidence of sexual harassment is true? Sexual harassment occurs a. equally to men and women. b. to about 10% of working women. c. in varying degrees depending on reporting method and occupation. d. rarely, rather it is an issue that has political implications. Thus, it is an argument used by feminists in dealing with employers.

Q: According to status attainment theory, one of the best predictors of occupational success is a. mother's occupation. b. participation in sports. c. peer pressure. d. previous work experience

Q: Which one of these career crises is more likely to effect women than men? a. a workplace fire b. failure to get a raise c. loss of job d. sexual harassment

Q: According to status attainment theory, one of the best predictors of occupational success is a. parental occupation. b. participation in sports. c. peer pressure. d. previous work experience.

Q: Which one of these career crises is more likely to effect women than men? a. an automobile accident b. having to leave the labor force c. loss of job d. failure to get a raise

Q: The view that job demands can influence worker intellectual functioning is associated with a. general trait and factor theory. b. social cognitive care theory. c. sociological approaches to career development. d. work adjustment theory.

Q: According to Gutek and Koss (1993) which of these is NOT a way in which women may react to sexual harassment. a. anger b. confusion c. searching for meaning d. self blame

Q: Part time work can be helpful to high school students by giving them a sense of. a. increased educational attainment. b. autonomy. c. balance. d. congruence.

Q: According to Gutek and Koss (1993), which reaction to sexual harassment is likely to occur immediately after a sexual harassment incident? a. anger b. depression c. disillusionment d. self-blame

Q: Which age group is most likely to be underemployed? a. 17-26 year olds b. 27-36 year olds c. 37-46 year olds d. 47-65 years old

Q: Which of the following statements is true about Hopson and Adams's transition model. a. Each stage is experienced by all individuals in differing orders. b. All individuals experience all stages in similar sequence. c. Not all stages are experienced by all people, nor is the sequence always identical. d. The model applies more directly to men than to women.

Q: When young people work over 20 hours per week, this may lead to a. improved school behavior b. minor delinquent acts c. problem behavior in school d. all of the above

Q: When an individual has reached the last stage of Hopson and Adams transition model, then is starting to take place. a. immobilization b. internalization c. testing out d. self-doubt

Q: Which of these theories focuses on career choice by examining society rather than individual choices? a. Holland's theory b. status attainment theory c. social learning theory d. work adjustment theory

Q: Carla originally had difficulty with her job termination. Now she has understood why she was fired and has taken steps to change her absenteeism so that it won't happen again. According to Hopson and Adams, she is likely to be in this transition stage. a. immobilization b. letting go c. testing out d. search for meaning

Q: Which of these theories focuses on career choice by examining society rather than individual choices? a. Holland's theory b. human capital theory c. Super's theory d. work adjustment theory

Q: Maria has been laid off from her job as an office manager for two years. For the first 18 months, she was quite depressed and made no efforts to find a new job. Now she realizes that she must look for a new job, and that she will never be able to work for her previous employer again. One of the two job interviews that she has had looks quite promising. According to Hopson and Adams, she is likely to be in this transition stage. a. immobilization b. internalization c. testing out d. self-doubt

Q: Which of these are responsible for the most changes in the U.S. work force? a. growth needs b. natural disasters c. military demands d. replacement needs

Q: Andrew realizes that he will never work for his employer again. The doors of the plant closed three weeks ago and he has started to develop a resume and has talked to two employers. According to Hopson and Adams, he is likely to be in this transition stage. a. immobilization b. internalization c. letting go d. self-doubt

Q: The area of greatest occupational growth in the next 10 years in the U. S is most likely to be in a. agriculture. b. manufacturing. c. mining. d. health care.

Q: After four weeks of not working, Joel is questioning whether or not any employer will be interested in his skills as a bus driver. According to Hopson and Adams, he is likely to be in this transition stage. a. immobilization b. internalization c. letting go d. self-doubt

Q: Trait and factor theory focuses on a. adjustment to the job. b. identifying traits. c. individual growth. d. parental preference for occupation.

Q: After three weeks of not working, Anne is questioning whether or not any employer will be interested in her skills as an electronic technician. According to Hopson and Adams, she is likely to be in this transition stage. a. immobilization b. internalization c. letting go d. self-doubt

Q: Brian says that he wants to enter an occupation that has plenty of job openings. A trait and factor counselor would point out that Brian is failing to consider a. abilities, interests, and values. b. Brian's parents' views. c. job location, salary, and required education. d. scores on interest inventories.

Q: Zelda has been laid off from the company where she works as a civil engineer. Her placement counselor believes she will be most effective in searching for a new job if she is in this stage of Hopson and Adams model of transitions. a. immobilization b. crystallization c. self-doubt d. testing out

Q: Which of the following counselors is most accurately applying general trait and factor theory? a. Counselor A assigns personality, abilities, values, and interest inventories or tests and then suggests appropriate occupations for the client to enter. b. Counselor B provides information on 12 different engineering occupations to a client that is considering engineering as a career choice. c. Counselor C helps a client assess her abilities, interests, values, and personality, provides occupational information about occupations that fit these traits, and helps the client make a decision. d. Counselor D helps her client understand the effect of her early educational experiences on her choice of an occupation.

Q: Jim has been told that his job as an electrical engineer has been terminated immediately and that he has one hour to clean out his desk. According to Hopson and Adams, he is likely to be in this transition stage. a. immobilization b. internalization c. letting go d. self-doubt

Q: A problem that members of minorities have faced in the past is a. a lack of knowledge about social service occupations. b. failure to assess their interests. c. failure to assess their values. d. lack of available occupational information.

Q: Jeff has known for some time that the health clinic that he works at is planning to close permanently. However, he chooses to ignore this information and hopes that his employment will continue. According to Hopson and Adams, he is likely to be in this transition stage. a. immobilization b. internalization c. minimization d. testing out

Q: Which of the following conclusions about gender differences on a variety of traits is most accurate? a. Differences between workers within occupational groups are often greater than differences between men and women. b. Men's abilities in math and science are superior to those of women regardless of culture. c. Men tend to underestimate their abilities more so than women on tasks requiring quantitative and analytical skills. d. Women rate income and prestige as more important than men do.

Q: Shana has just learned that she has been fired from her job as a sales clerk in a department store. According to Hopson and Adams, she is likely to be in this transition stage. a. immobilization b. internalization c. letting go d. self-doubt

Q: Which of the following occupational titles would be inappropriate to use when describing someone's occupation? a. accountant b. electrician c. police officer d. waitress

Q: Outplacement counseling would most likely be done with a. adolescents b. adults c. children d. women

Q: Which of the following words would be inappropriate to use when describing an occupational title? a. fire fighter b. plumber c. policeman d. roofer

Q: Counselors who specialize in helping workers who have been laid off are called a. career counselors. b. employment counselors. c. guidance counselors. d. outplacement counselors.

Q: Which of the following occupational classification systems is the most complex? a. Super's system b. Guide for Occupational Exploration System. c. Holland's system. d. Standard Occupational Classification System.

Q: Myrna is a lawyer who has had to make many changes throughout her 4 years at her law firm. She has had to assist other lawyers with cases, recruit new clients, try cases in court, and research various laws and regulations. She finds these duties require different skills. Her experience can be called an example of a a. boundaryless career. b. kaleidoscope career. c. protean career. d. standardized career.

Q: Which of the following occupational classification systems was designed so that it can be updated on the computer? a. Dictionary of Occupational Titles. b. Guide for Occupational Exploration System. c. Holland's system. d. The O*NET

Q: Josh has had many transfers and new assignments in his work for the Acme Bolts Company. In the last two years, he has had six different changes in assignments including one which includes moving to another part of the U. S. This experience can be called a a. boundaryless careers. b. kaleidoscope careers. c. protean careers. d. standardized careers.

Q: The O*NET classification system takes the place of the a. Dictionary of Occupational Titles. b. Guide for Occupational Exploration System. c. Holland's system. d. Standard Occupational Classification System.

Q: Brandon is an advertising manager. Every hour of his working day he makes decisions that affect other decisions and various products. Which phrase best describes this type of career. a. boundaryless careers. b. kaleidoscope careers. c. protean careers. d. standardized careers.