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Q:
Many large cities, faced with rising crime problems, are eager to hire administrators who are familiar with CompStat and "broken windows" policing, and who served under this successful police chief:
a. Jimmy Johnson.
b. Daryl Gates.
c. William Bratton.
d. Rick Patterson.
Q:
The __________ was a penitentiary system developed in Pennsylvania in which each inmate was held in isolation from other inmates.
a. congregate system
b. assemble system
c. separate confinement system
d. segregated confinement system
Q:
________ is intervention in a dispute by a third party where those in conflict submit their differences for resolution and the decision (in the correctional setting) is binding on both parties.
Q:
The biggest recent threat to community policing and, consequently, the biggest criticism of community policing initiatives is:
a. the initial startup costs.
b. the inability to keep police departments fully staffed and to keep money flowing to these initiatives.
c. convincing local governmental leaders to participate in the programs.
d. the capital investment for vehicles.
Q:
Ideas of the Enlightenment fostered the thinking that crime is caused by:
a. human nature.
b. forces in the environment.
c. biology.
d. sin.
Q:
Community-oriented policing strategies have proven successful in:
a. only cities with a population over 50,000.
b. only cities with a population over 100,000.
c. only cities with a population over 500,000.
d. cities of all sizes.
Q:
The constitutional guarantee that no agent or instrumentality of government will use anything to arrest, prosecute, try, or punish any person other than that prescribed by law is procedural________ .
Q:
The concept of separate confinement was introduced in several locations, however one became the fullest expression of rehabilitation through separate confinement.
a. Maryland
b. NY State Penitentiary, Auburn
c. New Jersey
d. Eastern State Penitentiary
Q:
In New England, the Puritans maintained a society governed by what type of principles?
a. Legal.
b. Religious.
c. Socialist.
d. Capitalist.
Q:
The country that gave the world its first penitentiary is:
a. England.
b. France.
c. Egypt.
d. the United States.
Q:
The ________ Amendment focuses on the protection of privacy within the scope of search and seizure.
Q:
Which of the following is not part of a community policing operation?
a. kiosks
b. mini-stations
c. storefront substations
d. motorcycle traffic control
Q:
a. Designed for young offenders
b. Earned through behavior, education and labor
c. Treatment is required for offenders
d. Done by inmate labor
e. Contractors exchange food and clothing for convict labor & psychological causes of crime
f. Reintegration is the goal
g. Developed in Auburn NY
h. Incarceration and supervision control behavior
i. Isolates prisoners from society
j. Sociological, biological,
1) Lease system
2) Positivist school
3) congregate system
4) contract labor system
5) mark system
6) penitentiary
7) reformatory
8) community corrections
9) "crime control model
10) medical model
Q:
Officers practicing incident-driven policing:
a. seek to determine the underlying causes of incidents.
b. act proactively by contacting merchants prior to an incident.
c. tend to respond to similar incidents at the same location numerous times.
d. generally walk a business beat and are not tied to a patrol car.
Q:
Texas State University"San Marcos worked with the San Marcos, Texas, Police Department to develop the ____________________ campaign.
a. Achieving Community Together (ACT)
b. Increasing Arrest Rates (IAR)
c. Community Crime Control (CCR)
d. Keeping Campuses Safe (KCF)
Q:
Legal rules created in judges' decisions that serve to guide decisions in similar cases are called ________ .
Q:
________ refers to legal rules produced by judges' decisions.
Q:
The social and political climate of the 1960s gave rise to a _____________ model of corrections.
Q:
The 1980's in corrections centered on crime control through ________________ and risk containment.
Q:
In "Broken Windows" and Police Discretion, George L. Kelling notes that the community policing model ____________________ the use of police discretion among officers at all levels of the organization.
a. reduces and limits
b. contracts and discourages
c. expands and encourages
d. both a and b
Q:
What was the role of the New York City Police Department's Community Patrol Officer Program?
a. to serve high-risk warrants
b. community surveillance
c. to rid the neighborhoods of street gangs
d. identification of neighborhood problems and development of short- and long-term strategies for solving them
Q:
Legal rules, usually set by an agency of the executive branch, designed to implement in detail policies of that agency are ________ .
Q:
A very early attempt at community policing involving the development of decentralized neighborhood-based precincts that served as "storefront" police stations was tried in what city?
a. Detroit
b. Tampa
c. Miami
d. Hattiesburg
Q:
The________ Amendment focuses on the right to religious freedom.
Q:
The first director of the Bureau of Prisons upon authorization from congress in 1929 was ______________________.
Q:
Laws passed by legislatures at all levels of government are known as__________ .
Q:
Progressives wanted to know the life history of an offender so that they could devise an _______________ treatment program.
Q:
Progressives implemented probation, _______________ and parole throughout the United States.
Q:
David L. Carter of Michigan State University explains that community policing:
a. suddenly materialized as a new idea.
b. evolved over time from research conducted by a wide range of scholars.
c. is not widely accepted.
d. is only the responsibility of police chiefs.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Noninterference policy
b. Rules created by judges
c. Legal rules regarding agency policies
d. Rules other judges follow with similar cases
e. Laws created by legislatures
f. Lists individual rights
g. Intervention towards an agreed resolution
h. Responsible for compensation of a plaintiff
i. Judicial order
j.Investigates public officials
Ombudsman
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Noninterference policy
b. Rules created by judges
c. Legal rules regarding agency policies
d. Rules other judges follow with similar cases
e. Laws created by legislatures
f. Lists individual rights
g. Intervention towards an agreed resolution
h. Responsible for compensation of a plaintiff
i. Judicial order
j.Investigates public officials
Mediation
Q:
The medical model of corrections is based on the assumption that criminal behavior is caused by social, psychological, or biological deficiencies that require ____________.
Q:
Community-oriented policing is an approach toward crime that addresses the underlying causes of crime and endeavors to apply ____________________ problem solving to the issue through improved police"community relationships.
a. rule-of-law
b. long-term
c. zero-tolerance
d. short-term
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Noninterference policy
b. Rules created by judges
c. Legal rules regarding agency policies
d. Rules other judges follow with similar cases
e. Laws created by legislatures
f. Lists individual rights
g. Intervention towards an agreed resolution
h. Responsible for compensation of a plaintiff
i. Judicial order
j.Investigates public officials
Habeus corpus
Q:
After the Civil War southern legislatures passed _____________ designed to control newly freed African Americans.
Q:
The real responsibility for proper police"community relations rests with ____________________.
a. the police chief.
b. the city manager.
c. every police officer.
d. the community relations officer.
Q:
In an increasingly heterogeneous urban and industrial society, responsibility for the criminal became the province of the ________ and its __________.
Q:
In what decade did increases in crime, technological advances, and changes in police management thinking lead to the reduction of police foot patrols and their resultant ties to the community?
a. 1920s
b. 1940s
c. 1960s
d. 1990s
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Noninterference policy
b. Rules created by judges
c. Legal rules regarding agency policies
d. Rules other judges follow with similar cases
e. Laws created by legislatures
f. Lists individual rights
g. Intervention towards an agreed resolution
h. Responsible for compensation of a plaintiff
i. Judicial order
j.Investigates public officials
Civil liability
Q:
What is the philosophy of empowering citizens and developing a partnership between the police and the community to work together to solve problems?
a. community policing
b. zero-tolerance policing
c. political-based policing
d. neighborhood policing
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Noninterference policy
b. Rules created by judges
c. Legal rules regarding agency policies
d. Rules other judges follow with similar cases
e. Laws created by legislatures
f. Lists individual rights
g. Intervention towards an agreed resolution
h. Responsible for compensation of a plaintiff
i. Judicial order
j.Investigates public officials
Hands-off policy
Q:
The Progressives looked to _________, ___________, ____________, and ___________ rather than religious or moral explanations for the causes of crime.
Q:
An institution intended to isolate offenders from society and one another so they could reflect on their misdeeds, repent, and undergo reformation is called a _____________.
Q:
Corrections based on the assumption that criminal behavior can be treated is known as the crime control model.
Q:
More than ____________________ RCPIs provide regional community policing training and technical assistance to law enforcement around the country.
a. 5
b. 7
c. 9
d. 30
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Noninterference policy
b. Rules created by judges
c. Legal rules regarding agency policies
d. Rules other judges follow with similar cases
e. Laws created by legislatures
f. Lists individual rights
g. Intervention towards an agreed resolution
h. Responsible for compensation of a plaintiff
i. Judicial order
j.Investigates public officials
Regulations
Q:
Correctional practices developed similarly across the United States.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Noninterference policy
b. Rules created by judges
c. Legal rules regarding agency policies
d. Rules other judges follow with similar cases
e. Laws created by legislatures
f. Lists individual rights
g. Intervention towards an agreed resolution
h. Responsible for compensation of a plaintiff
i. Judicial order
j.Investigates public officials
Precedent
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Noninterference policy
b. Rules created by judges
c. Legal rules regarding agency policies
d. Rules other judges follow with similar cases
e. Laws created by legislatures
f. Lists individual rights
g. Intervention towards an agreed resolution
h. Responsible for compensation of a plaintiff
i. Judicial order
j.Investigates public officials
Case law
Q:
Within 40 years of their initiation, penitentiaries had become overcrowded, understaffed, and minimally financed.
Q:
The original penitentiary relied on penance and contemplation as the means for the criminal offender to move from sin toward perfection.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Noninterference policy
b. Rules created by judges
c. Legal rules regarding agency policies
d. Rules other judges follow with similar cases
e. Laws created by legislatures
f. Lists individual rights
g. Intervention towards an agreed resolution
h. Responsible for compensation of a plaintiff
i. Judicial order
j.Investigates public officials
Statutes
Q:
The positivist school looked to free will and rational thought as the reason for crime.
Q:
The Regional Community Policing Institutes (RCPIs) are part of the _____ program.
a. TOPS
b. COPS
c. TASP
d. COGS
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Noninterference policy
b. Rules created by judges
c. Legal rules regarding agency policies
d. Rules other judges follow with similar cases
e. Laws created by legislatures
f. Lists individual rights
g. Intervention towards an agreed resolution
h. Responsible for compensation of a plaintiff
i. Judicial order
j.Investigates public officials
Constitutions
Q:
Which Amendment helps to ensure procedural due process and equal protection of the law for inmates?
a. Fourteenth
b. Fourth
c. Fifth
d. First
Q:
Social and political values greatly influence correctional thought and practices.
Q:
The Office of Community Policing Services (COPS) is part of the ____________________.
a. NIJ.
b. FBI.
c. president's cabinet.
d. Chicago Police Department.
Q:
Analyzing crime issues to determine the underlying problems and addressing those underlying problems is referred to as:
a. zero-tolerance policing.
b. problem-solving policing.
c. political-based policing.
d. targeted policing.
Q:
The Auburn System focused on a congregate system of operations.
Q:
Which Amendment addresses prisoner rights as they pertain to religious practices?
a. Fourteenth
b. Second
c. Fourth
d. First
Q:
A(n) __________ is a public official with full authority to investigate citizens' complaints against government officials.
a. ombudsman
b. detective
c. parole officer
d. internal officer
Q:
What involves a continued reliance on traditional policing operations?
a. strategic policing
b. community policing
c. citizen-based policing
d. political-based policing
Q:
English trends and practices greatly influenced American corrections.
Q:
Which of the following is NOT an alternative to litigation by inmates?
a. ombudsman
b. criminal investigation
c. mediation
d. inmate grievance procedures
Q:
The problem-oriented policing process necessitates improving various skill sets. One of those skill sets is:
a. scanning.
b. analysis.
c. response.
d. communication.
Q:
The Pennsylvania System focused on the isolation of inmates and serving penance.
Q:
According to community based corrections, the goal of the criminal justice system is to:
a. punish the offender.
b. reintegrate the offender.
c. focus on the victim.
d. achieve justice.
Q:
Who founded the National Center for Community Policing in East Lansing, Michigan?
a. Robert C. Trojanowicz
b. Logan Stout
c. Richard Hill
d. Rick D. Patterson
Q:
During the last 25 years the Supreme Court has been________ prisoners' rights.a. less supportive ofb. more supportive ofc. detached fromd. less indifferent
Q:
One of the ways a corrections staff member can insulate themselves against civil lawsuits is to:
a. keep good records.
b. get a mentor.
c. follow institutional procedures
d. do all of these.
Q:
Within 40 years of being built, penitentiaries had become:
a. understaffed.
b. overcrowded.
c. financially burdened.
d. all of these.
Q:
The right to be free from cruel and unusual punishment is found in which Amendment?
a. First
b. Fourth
c. Eighth
d. Fourteenth
Q:
By the mid-1800s, reformers were __________ with the penitentiary.
a. satisfied
b. delighted
c. disillusioned
d. distrustful
Q:
When officers reach the assessment process in the SARA model of problem-solving, officers:
a. plan further strategic movements.
b. evaluate community policing.
c. evaluate the effectiveness of the response.
d. evaluate incident-driven policing.
Q:
Problem-oriented policing involves officers dealing with the:
a. underlying causes of incidents.
b. things as they are before them.
c. community pressures.
d. management priorities.
Q:
According to Herman Goldstein, traditional policing is:
a. incident driven.
b. community driven.
c. patrol driven.
d. service driven.
Q:
According to the Supreme Court, the term "totality of conditions" may be legally interpreted as:
a. cruel and unusual punishment.
b. unfair.
c. unreasonable.
d. irrational.
Q:
Some lower courts have upheld rules in conflict with the ____________Amendment protections because they were the least restrictive method of dealing with an institutional problem.a. Firstb. Fourthc. Eighthd. Fourteenth
Q:
The concept of problem-solving policing can be attributed to:
a. James Q. Wilson.
b. Lee P. Brown.
c. George Kelling.
d. Herman Goldstein.