Q&A Hero

Q: The case of Wolff v. McDonnell showed that the court was extending the due process rights for prisoners in certain aspects.

Q: A passenger in a vehicle has the same right as a driver to challenge the constitutionality of a traffic stop. a. True b. False

Q: The most slippery concept in the classification of offenders is that of the: a. career criminal. b. violent. c. sex offender. d. mentally ill.

Q: The majority of offenses committed by mentally handicapped people are classified as _____________ or public order crimes. a. sex b. property c. violent d. drug

Q: In Rhodes v. Chapman, the court required inmates to prove Eight Amendment violations through showing the punishment was unnecessary.

Q: A police officer's attempt to terminate a dangerous, high-speed car chase that threatens the lives of innocent bystanders does not violate the Fourth Amendment, even when it places the fleeing motorist at risk of serious injury or death. a. True b. False

Q: Prisoners have always had constitutional rights.

Q: Forced extraction of blood by a doctor from a man who is arrested for driving while intoxicated is not a violation of that man's constitutional rights. a. True b. False

Q: Like inmates in correctional facilities, convicted offenders in the community also have rights.

Q: In 1995, in Arizona v. Evans, the Supreme Court extended the "good faith" exception to the Fourth Amendment by creating a "computer errors" exception. a. True b. False

Q: In a typical group of 30 or so young adults, it is likely that_________- has been locked up.a. at least fiveb. at least onec. at least halfd. no one

Q: An attorney is required at every lineup. a. True b. False

Q: The decision to is a factor influencing the filtering process: a. pigeonhole b. grant bail c. violate the law d. acquit

Q: Constitutions tend to be very clear.

Q: Experience has shown that successful lawsuits filed under Section 1983 have had a major impact for the grieving prisoner.

Q: A convicted sex offender would commonly fall under which of the following subclasses? a. a rapist b. a prostitute c. a child molester d. any of the these

Q: An equivocal or ambiguous request for counsel in a custodial interrogation case is not sufficient to force police to stop questioning a suspect and provide an attorney. a. True b. False

Q: States have their own constitutions.

Q: Search and seizure is governed by the Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. a. True b. False

Q: The treatment program that has consistently proven to be successful for the alcohol abuser in general population but less successful for those in the correctional population is: a. psychotherapy. b. milieu therapy. c. group counseling. d. Alcoholics Anonymous.

Q: A police officer can search without a warrant if consent is given by a person having authority to give such consent. a. True b. False

Q: The drug abuser presents problems for corrections a. indistinct and hardly any b. classification and organizational c. very few significant d. both treatment and management

Q: The right of habeas corpus for alleged terrorist detainees has been an important issue since 9/11.

Q: Since the inception of The Prison Litigation Reform Act, it has become more difficult for prisoners to file civil rights law suits.

Q: Search warrants are necessary for all searches by police officers. a. True b. False

Q: Correctional clients, as a group, seem to ___________the rest of society.a. differ greatly fromb. be similar toc. vastly liked. be indistinguishable from

Q: Probable cause is the standard of proof a police officer needs to conduct a stop and frisk. a. True b. False

Q: During the last 25 years the Supreme Court has been __________ prisoners' rights. a. less supportive of b. more supportive of c. detached from d. less indifferent

Q: A person who has committed a sexual act prohibited by law is known as a: a. career criminal. b. situational offender. c. elderly offender. d. sex offender.

Q: Half of those__________ entering state prisons are years old.a. between 25 and 32b. younger than 18c. between 18 and 27d. older than 35

Q: One of the ways a corrections staff member can insulate themselves against civil lawsuits is to: a. keep good records. b. get a mentor. c. follow institutional procedures. d. all of these.

Q: Reasonable suspicion is the standard of proof a police officer needs to make an arrest. a. True b. False

Q: How is probable cause different than reasonable doubt? How is probable cause different than reasonable suspicion? Give examples of all three.

Q: According to your text, situational offenders pose many problems for the correctional system. Which of the following has been identified as a problem with these offenders? a. They will generally repeat the offense in the future. b. They are extremely difficult to rehabilitate. c. Their crimes are usually less serious than most crimes committed by other offenders. d. They are the most problematic and violent prisoners in the inmate social system.

Q: The right to be free from cruel and unusual punishment is found in which Amendment? a. First b. Fourth c. Eighth d. Fourteenth

Q: When we talk about characteristics associated with criminal offenders, we can conclude that: a. there is much diversity with respect to the backgrounds of prisoners. b. on the whole, while unique differences do exist, there are still many similarities among prisoners. c. it is difficult (if not impossible) to make any general statements about criminal offenders. d. most offenders are very violent and dangerous, and as a result, deserve some form of incarceration.

Q: Why do you think the Supreme Court considered forcing Rochin (Rochin v. California) to have his stomach pumped to retrieve evidence to be shocking, but the Court did not consider forced extraction of blood by a doctor for a man who was arrested for driving while intoxicated (Schmerber v. California) to be a violation of that man's constitutional rights? What was the difference? Do you think the cases should have been treated the same? Defend you position.

Q: According to the Supreme Court, the term "totality of conditions" may be legally interpreted as: a. cruel and unusual punishment. b. unfair c. unreasonable. d. irrational.

Q: Why do Dickerson v. United States and cases following this decision constitute important case law?

Q: Some lower courts have upheld rules in conflict with the ______ Amendment protections because they were the least restrictive method of dealing with an institutional problem. a. First b. Fourth c. Eighth d. Fourteenth

Q: The offender is most likely to be the object of exploitation and practical jokes while__________ incarcerated.a. situationalb. careerc. mentally handicappedd. alcohol

Q: Describe the development of the requirement that one be advised of one's constitutional rights prior to police interrogation when in police custody. Cite and discuss several U.S. Supreme Court cases to show the changes in police interrogation procedures over time.

Q: _________ offenders are more likely to seek solitude. a. Situational b. Elderly c. Drug abuser d. Habitual

Q: The courts have upheld the right of female corrections officers to: a. pat down only female prisoners. b. pat down only male prisoners. c. pat down male prisoners when a male officer is also present. d. pat down both male and female prisoners.

Q: During the early 1960s, the U.S. Supreme Court decided to require state governments to _________most of the rights listed in the Bill of Rights: a. respect. b. reject. c. regulate. d. reconstruct.

Q: __________ of those convicted receive a community sentence such as a fine or probation.a. Two-thirdsb. One-halfc. One-thirdd. One-quarter

Q: With the exception of those working for corporate and nonprofit organizations, correctional personnel are: a. executive personnel. b. private contractors. c. public employees. d. management.

Q: List and discuss several of the exceptions to the warrant requirement in search and seizure cases, and cite and discuss several U.S. Supreme Court cases to illustrate the exceptions.

Q: The public's response to crime frequently makes classification an emotionally charged issue. a. True b. False

Q: Explain how does the Bill of Rights and the actions of the U.S. Supreme Court regulate the police?

Q: The first case recognized by the Supreme Court which recognized prisoners' rights involved the case of: a. brutality and physical conditions. b. challenges to convictions. c. due process. d. medical treatment.

Q: In Boumediene v. Bush, the Court ruled that the detainees at Guantanamo Bay are entitled to: a. a lawyer. b. challenge the conditions of their confinement. c. one hour of exercise a day. d. file writs of habeas corpus.

Q: Classification systems apply a set of subjective criteria to all inmates in order to arrive at an appropriate classification. a. True b. False

Q: Explain the significance of the Scott v. Harris decision.

Q: Which case allowed inmates to sue state officials for brutality, inadequate medical care and nutrition, theft of personal property and the denial of basic rights: a. Cooper v. Pate b. Terry v. Ohio c. Carroll v US d. Gregg v GA

Q: A classification system that has a significant amount of overlap is able give correctional administrators guidance about appropriate treatment for offenders. a. True b. False

Q: Identify and cite five cases involving the police and custodial interrogation. Describe how these cases led to the current custodial interrogation rules in the United States.

Q: Sex offenders usually seek out strangers as their targets. a. True b. False

Q: Identify and cite five cases involving the police and search and seizure. Describe how these cases led to the current search and seizure rules in the United States.

Q: What is the exclusionary rule? Describe its development. How has this rule had an impact on the police and the public?

Q: The legislature, president, or governor has the ability to give an agency the power in the areas of health, safety and the environment to implement which of the following: a. statutes. b. case laws. c. regulations. d. precedent.

Q: The Anti-Terrorism Act imposes __________ limit to file a federal habeas petition. a. a five-year b. a one-year c. a two-year d. no

Q: A person who has been convicted of three or more offenses is now considered to be a situational offender. a. True b. False

Q: Due to prison overcrowding, correctional officials and parole boards believe that situational offenders are most appropriate for early release because they typically pose a minimal threat to the public. a. True b. False

Q: Which of the following correctional changes can be attributed to the prisoners' rights movement? a. improvement in institutional living conditions and administrative practices of many prisons b. review by correctional officials of many of their procedures and organizational structures c. both of these d. neither of these

Q: Explain the significance of Berghuis v. Thompkins as it concerns interrogations.

Q: Describe the two methods used to measure the amount of crime in the United States, and discuss the differences between them.

Q: The Fourteenth Amendment was ratified in: a. 1960. b. 1868. c. 1789. d. 1810.

Q: More than 3 percent of the U.S. population is currently under some form of correctional control. a. True b. False

Q: A Terry stop is also known as ______________________.

Q: According to Clear, Cole, and Reisig, the overall results of the turbulent inmate rights period: a. were positive. b. were negative. c. were problematic. d. were useless.

Q: A key way to prevent AIDS both inside and outside of a correctional setting is through knowledge about the virus. a. True b. False

Q: Every offender assigned to correction is unique; no two offenders are exactly alike. a. True b. False

Q: One-fourth of those convicted of a crime receive a community sentence such as a fine or probation. a. True b. False

Q: When a persons' home is his or her castle, this concept is referred to as the .

Q: For most of United States history, the Bill of Rights was interpreted as protecting individuals from acts of the: a. federal government. b. unlawful masses. c. state legislatures. d. the President.

Q: The circumstances in a correctional facility that, when considered as a whole, may violate the protections guaranteed by the Eighth Amendment, are known as: a. a rational basis test. b. totality of the conditions. c. totality of the circumstances. d. least restrictive means test.

Q: In _______, the U.S. Supreme Court provided guidance to law enforcement officers in assessing how much time they are required to wait prior to making a forcible entry after knocking and announcing their presence and demanding entry in a warrant case.

Q: In the case of Scott v. Harris, the U.S. Supreme Court used the _______ test to determine the reasonableness of the seizure in question.

Q: Prior to the 1960s courts maintained a/an __________ with respect to corrections. a. invasive policy b. administrative policy c. hands-off policy d. inquisitive policy