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Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.a. Compliance by threatb. Compliance for material resourcesc. Compliance through manipulation of symbolic rewardsd. Supervisor can oversee limited subordinates effectivelye. Subordinate reports to only one superiorf. Toleration of some actions of inmates to operate the prisong. Behavior violation of department policyh. Prison disorder results from weak managementi. Support line personnelj. In direct contact with the clientRemunerative power
Q:
The public today calls for a __________ approach to juveniles.
a. Rehabilitative
b. Lenient
c. get-tough
d. Restorative
Q:
According to the authors, most gangs are:
a. violent.
b. alike.
c. non-violent.
d. brutal.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.a. Compliance by threatb. Compliance for material resourcesc. Compliance through manipulation of symbolic rewardsd. Supervisor can oversee limited subordinates effectivelye. Subordinate reports to only one superiorf. Toleration of some actions of inmates to operate the prisong. Behavior violation of department policyh. Prison disorder results from weak managementi. Support line personnelj. In direct contact with the clientNormative power
Q:
Assumptions about the "normalcy" of delinquency depend on how the misbehavior fits the juvenile's:
a. disposition.
b. age.
c. attitude.
d. parents.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.a. Compliance by threatb. Compliance for material resourcesc. Compliance through manipulation of symbolic rewardsd. Supervisor can oversee limited subordinates effectivelye. Subordinate reports to only one superiorf. Toleration of some actions of inmates to operate the prisong. Behavior violation of department policyh. Prison disorder results from weak managementi. Support line personnelj. In direct contact with the clientCoercive power
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.a. Compliance by threatb. Compliance for material resourcesc. Compliance through manipulation of symbolic rewardsd. Supervisor can oversee limited subordinates effectivelye. Subordinate reports to only one superiorf. Toleration of some actions of inmates to operate the prisong. Behavior violation of department policyh. Prison disorder results from weak managementi. Support line personnelj. In direct contact with the clientSpan of control
Q:
An example of a status offense is:
a. not doing homework
b. not cleaning the house
c. running away
d. talking back to parents
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.a. Compliance by threatb. Compliance for material resourcesc. Compliance through manipulation of symbolic rewardsd. Supervisor can oversee limited subordinates effectivelye. Subordinate reports to only one superiorf. Toleration of some actions of inmates to operate the prisong. Behavior violation of department policyh. Prison disorder results from weak managementi. Support line personnelj. In direct contact with the clientLine personnel
Q:
Aftercare operates in a way similar to:
a. adult parole.
b. adult probation.
c. the house of refuge.
d. a minimum security prison.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.a. Compliance by threatb. Compliance for material resourcesc. Compliance through manipulation of symbolic rewardsd. Supervisor can oversee limited subordinates effectivelye. Subordinate reports to only one superiorf. Toleration of some actions of inmates to operate the prisong. Behavior violation of department policyh. Prison disorder results from weak managementi. Support line personnelj. In direct contact with the clientInmate balance theory
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.a. Compliance by threatb. Compliance for material resourcesc. Compliance through manipulation of symbolic rewardsd. Supervisor can oversee limited subordinates effectivelye. Subordinate reports to only one superiorf. Toleration of some actions of inmates to operate the prisong. Behavior violation of department policyh. Prison disorder results from weak managementi. Support line personnelj. In direct contact with the clientAdministrative control theory
Q:
Levels of gang activity __________ through the 1990s.
a. Declined
b. Increased
c. remained stable
d. Intensified
Q:
The first decision made in a juvenile court is to:
a. determine guilt.
b. file a petition of juvenile jurisdiction.
c. appoint a lawyer.
d. assess culpability.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.a. Compliance by threatb. Compliance for material resourcesc. Compliance through manipulation of symbolic rewardsd. Supervisor can oversee limited subordinates effectivelye. Subordinate reports to only one superiorf. Toleration of some actions of inmates to operate the prisong. Behavior violation of department policyh. Prison disorder results from weak managementi. Support line personnelj. In direct contact with the clientBoundary violations
Q:
When girls misbehave, the juvenile justice system often treats them as:
a. boys.
b. adults.
c. status offenders.
d. criminals.
Q:
Research shows that __________ juveniles are carrying guns than before.
a. Fewer
b. More
c. the same number of
d. we cannot research this statistic
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.a. Compliance by threatb. Compliance for material resourcesc. Compliance through manipulation of symbolic rewardsd. Supervisor can oversee limited subordinates effectivelye. Subordinate reports to only one superiorf. Toleration of some actions of inmates to operate the prisong. Behavior violation of department policyh. Prison disorder results from weak managementi. Support line personnelj. In direct contact with the clientStaff personnel
Q:
Since 1994, the juvenile crime rate has:
a. risen.
b. decreased.
c. exploded.
d. remained static.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.a. Compliance by threatb. Compliance for material resourcesc. Compliance through manipulation of symbolic rewardsd. Supervisor can oversee limited subordinates effectivelye. Subordinate reports to only one superiorf. Toleration of some actions of inmates to operate the prisong. Behavior violation of department policyh. Prison disorder results from weak managementi. Support line personnelj. In direct contact with the clientUnity of command
Q:
Prison ______________ refers to the sound and firm management of inmates and staff.
Q:
The juvenile corrections system supports __________ decision making.
a. Firm
b. Discretionary
c. Fixed
d. Definite
Q:
This case stated that jury trials are not required for juvenile court hearings:
a. McKeiver v. Pennsylvania
b. Kent v. US
c. Schall v. Martin
d. Eddings v. Oklahoma
Q:
A labor contract stipulates the rights and obligations of each side (administration and employees);thus a __________________ can no longer dictate working conditions.
Q:
Officers are permitted to use ________________ to protect themselves from imminent harm or violence.
Q:
In 2008 approximately how many juveniles were arrested?
a. 500,000
b. 1 million
c. 2.1 million
d. 2.7 million
Q:
The most common sanction a juvenile receives is:
a. detention.
b. aftercare.
c. probation.
d. diversion.
Q:
___________________ refers to behaviors that blur, minimize, or disrupt the social distance between prison staff and inmates, resulting in infractions of departmental policy.
Q:
Which of the following seeks to avoid the consequences of formal processing?
a. Waiver
b. Adjudication
c. Diversion
d. Intermediate sanctions
Q:
Prison officers must constantly deal with conflicting ___________________ and _______________ goals.
Q:
Puritans of the Massachusetts Bay Colony believed the child was:
a. sweet and basically good.
b. incorrigible.
c. rude and crude.
d. evil and in need of discipline.
Q:
______________________ officers have the most contact with inmates and the greatest potential for assisting them to change their behavior.
Q:
To prepare officers for prison work, most states require cadets to complete a _____________ training program.
Q:
When social distance breaks down, officers are more prone to commit________ violations.
Q:
The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1988 requires states to determine whether the proportion of minorities in confinement ______their proportion in the population?
a. correlates with
b. relates to
c. Underrepresents
d. Exceeds
Q:
The first juvenile court was established in:
a. Omaha.
b. New York.
c. Los Angeles.
d. Chicago.
Q:
The idea that prison disorder results from unstable, divided, or otherwise weak management is known as the_______ .
Q:
In 1970, the U.S. Supreme Court granted inmates certain limited______ rights.
Q:
During the Refuge Period the first institution where delinquent, abused, and neglected children could learn good work and study habits, live in a disciplined an healthy environment, and develop character was the House of Refuge in:
a. Pennsylvania
b. Massachusetts
c. New York
d. New Jersey
Q:
Which of the following would not be considered a secure placement for a juvenile?
a. foster home
b. residential center
c. reform school
d. training school
Q:
_________personnelare directly concerned with furthering the institution's goals.
Q:
This case specified the "essentials" required by Kentnotice, hearing, counsel, and cross-examination.
a. In Re Gault
b. In re Winship
c. Breed v. Jones
d. McKeiver v. Pennsylvania
Q:
____________is the idea that it is most efficient for a subordinate to report to only one superior.
Q:
Like women in other criminal justice fields, women who work in corrections deal with_______ .
Q:
This case required a standard of "beyond a doubt" for delinquency matters:
a. Kent v. US
b. In Re Gault
c. In Re Winship
d. Eddings v Oklahoma
Q:
Which of the following are factors in a juvenile's history that indicates a high risk of delinquency?
a. behavior problems in elementary school
b. drug dealing
c. antisocial parents
d. all of these
Q:
__________________ officers act like police officers with regard to most prison rule violations.
Q:
___________and loss of privileges or good time are the sanctions most often imposed for violating institutional rules.
Q:
An___________ is anything that enhances the inmates' creature comforts such as food, bedding, and recreationalopportunities.
Q:
A series of organizational positions in order of authority, with each person receiving orders from the one immediately above and issuing orders to the one immediately below is known as________ .
Q:
_____________________theory is a governance theory which states that prison disorder stems from unstable, divided, or otherwise weak management.
a. Officer balance
b. Administrative control
c. Power control
d. Inmate balance
Q:
Correctional officers rely on _______________ and _______________to gain cooperation.
a. coercion and force
b. punishments and bribes
c. rewards and coercion
d. rewards and punishments
Q:
The first and basic "essentials of due process" are required by juvenile offenders was determined in what landmark case?
a. Kent v. US
b. In Re Winship
c. Breed v. Jones
d. .McKeiver v. Pennsylvania
Q:
The procedures of juvenile corrections incorporate:
a. firm due process rules.
b. informality and discretionary decision making.
c. strict judicial precedent.
d. formal criminal procedure
Q:
_______________ refers to obedience to an order or request.
a. Compliance
b. Power
c. Authority
d. Coercion
Q:
____________________ power refers to the ability to obtain compliance by manipulating symbolic rewards.
a. Normative
b. Remunerative
c. Coercive
d. Subjective
Q:
Today, parole boards release approximately __________ of all inmates up for parole.
a. 25 percent
b. 40 percent
c. 50 percent
d. 65 percent
Q:
A parolee may be required to:
a. abstain from alcohol.
b. keep away from certain people.
c. maintain good work habits.
d. all of these.
Q:
________________ power refers to the ability to obtain compliance in exchange for material resources.
a. Normative
b. Remunerative
c. Coercive
d. Subjective
Q:
The vast majority of offenders released from prison remain:
a. under correctional authority for some time.
b. criminally active.
c. drug free.
d. employed.
Q:
Behavior that blurs the social distance between prison staff and inmates is known as:
a. crossing the line.
b. boundary violation.
c. abuse.
d. rule violation.
Q:
Correctional officers often rely on ________to gain cooperation.
a. rewards and punishments
b. corporal punishment and solitary confinement
c. force and strict rule enforcement
d. all of these
Q:
_________ are central to prisoner control because correctional officers cannot have total control over the inmates.a. Deliberationsb. Negotiationsc. Discussionsd. Mediation
Q:
Offenders released under supervisory conditions experience _______ returns to prison for new crimes than those who leave without required supervision.
a. comparable
b. more
c. fewer
d. corresponding
Q:
When offenders work and live at home during the week then return to the prison for the weekend it is:
a. a group housing program.
b. a work furlough.
c. a re-entry approach.
d. a training program.
Q:
When parole officers play the role of __________, they can restrict many aspects of the parolee's life and initiate revocation for violations.
a. Cop
b. social worker
c. welfare worker
d. paternal officer
Q:
Over the past 40 years, federal courts, the 1964 Civil Rights Act,_________ and affirmative action programs have dramatically changed the composition of the correctional officer force.a. psychological and emotionalb. geographicc. age and sized. racial and gender
Q:
An institution's main contact with the outside world is:
a. the line staff.
b. the professional staff.
c. the inmates.
d. the warden.
Q:
What category of personnel comprises the majority of an institution's employees?
a. custodial
b. industry
c. professional
d. program
Q:
One major worry for the public that concerns parolees is:
a. homelessness.
b. violence on release.
c. lying on employment applications.
d. civil disability.
Q:
In a highly authoritarian prison, treatment goals are:
a. a priority.
b. more important.
c. less important.
d. a cause for concern.
Q:
Which of the following is not a high-priority need for many offenders released from prison?
a. marriage/home life
b. Education
c. Money
d. Job
Q:
NIMBY stands for:
a. no inmate by me.
b. never in my best.
c. not in my backyard.
d. no inmate may by time.
Q:
__________are employees who are directly concerned with furthering the institution's goals and are in directcontact with clients.a. Staff personnelb. Line personnelc. Case workersd. Administrators
Q:
What is the primary incentive for being a corrections officer?
a. the only job available
b. the security of a civil service job
c. the high pay
d. helping people
Q:
Research has shown that post-release supervision is __________ in its effectiveness.
a. Excellent
b. Poor
c. Limited
d. none of these
Q:
Three forces influence the newly released offenders' adjustment to free society. They include the parole board, the parole bureaucracy, and the experiences of the ____________.
a. offender
b. victim
c. rehabilitation
d. community
Q:
Residential centers tend to be _______ the local community.
a. unpopular with
b. welcome in
c. generate crime in
d. financial boons to
Q:
The relationship between staff and prisoners which focuses on material goods and written correspondence is one of:
a. exchange.
b. violence.
c. power.
d. service.
Q:
Requirements and rules designed to aid readjustment to society and control parolee movement are called:
a. conditional requirements.
b. technical conditions.
c. release conditions.
d. conditions of release.