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Q:
Parole is deemed a _____________, not a guaranteed right, and thus its revocation is not subject to due process or rules of evidence.
Q:
Parole can be revoked for two reasons: (1) committing a new crime and (2) a ________________ violation.
Q:
An executive act of clemency that effectively excuses the offender from suffering the consequences of conviction is known as a__________ .
Q:
The growth of the American correctional system has ______________ affected minority group members.
Q:
The broad discretionary ________ of the parole officer is disappearing.
Q:
The average cost of one prison cell to be built totals _______________.
Q:
Parolees are released from prison on condition that they follow rules designed both to aid their readjustment to society and to__________ .
Q:
About__________ of all released offenders return to prison within three years.
Q:
The length of an inmate's prison stay has nearly tripled over the last 30 years.
Q:
The__________ , the parole bureaucracy, and the experiences of the offender are the three forces that influence a newly released offender's adjustment to society.
Q:
If we could do it all again we would likely have envisioned the system we have today.
Q:
Replacing decrepit facilities is cost effective.
Q:
Parole officers have to manage a heavier __________than is feasible in the available time and respond to__________ philosophies and policies.
Q:
There are two goals with corrections staffattracting the right people to work in corrections and motivating them to remain once employed.
Q:
Three factors influence the offender's adjustment into society, including the parole officer, the parole bureaucracy, and the experiences of the__________ .
Q:
When a technical violation occurs__________, a revocation proceeding is required by the Supreme Court.
Q:
Most correctional employees receive equal pay raises regardless of performance.
Q:
If parole is a privilege, then its process is not subject to__________ due process or rules of evidence.
Q:
__________ regulate parolee conduct that is not criminal but is thought to be linked to the possibility of future criminality.
Q:
Jails, prisons, probation and parole all struggle to work effectively together.
Q:
The short-term history of corrections seems dominated by fads.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. When an ex-offender's poor decision making makes adjustment problems worse
b. Handle problems with recently released offenders
c. Legal barrier to reentry
d. A small group living facility for offenders
e. The removal of a conviction
f. Violating conditions of parole
g. Act of clemency
h. Criterion for deciding whether evidence is strong enough to uphold an arrest
i.Originated in Wisconsin in 1913
j.Regulate non-criminal behavior
Pardon
Q:
The philosophy of the U.S. corrections system has remained static over the years.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. When an ex-offender's poor decision making makes adjustment problems worse
b. Handle problems with recently released offenders
c. Legal barrier to reentry
d. A small group living facility for offenders
e. The removal of a conviction
f. Violating conditions of parole
g. Act of clemency
h. Criterion for deciding whether evidence is strong enough to uphold an arrest
i.Originated in Wisconsin in 1913
j.Regulate non-criminal behavior
Conditions of release
Q:
Corrections has a clear mission in the process of handling offenders and the overall goal of their individual agencies.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. When an ex-offender's poor decision making makes adjustment problems worse
b. Handle problems with recently released offenders
c. Legal barrier to reentry
d. A small group living facility for offenders
e. The removal of a conviction
f. Violating conditions of parole
g. Act of clemency
h. Criterion for deciding whether evidence is strong enough to uphold an arrest
i.Originated in Wisconsin in 1913
j.Regulate non-criminal behavior
Technical violations
Q:
More African American men attend colleges and universities than are behind bars.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. When an ex-offender's poor decision making makes adjustment problems worse
b. Handle problems with recently released offenders
c. Legal barrier to reentry
d. A small group living facility for offenders
e. The removal of a conviction
f. Violating conditions of parole
g. Act of clemency
h. Criterion for deciding whether evidence is strong enough to uphold an arrest
i.Originated in Wisconsin in 1913
j.Regulate non-criminal behavior
Probable cause
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. When an ex-offender's poor decision making makes adjustment problems worse
b. Handle problems with recently released offenders
c. Legal barrier to reentry
d. A small group living facility for offenders
e. The removal of a conviction
f. Violating conditions of parole
g. Act of clemency
h. Criterion for deciding whether evidence is strong enough to uphold an arrest
i.Originated in Wisconsin in 1913
j.Regulate non-criminal behavior
Work release center
Q:
A new force for steady correctional growth and development that is likely to outstrip professional association and government agencies is:
a. you.
b. television.
c. professors of criminal justice.
d. comprehensive research.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. When an ex-offender's poor decision making makes adjustment problems worse
b. Handle problems with recently released offenders
c. Legal barrier to reentry
d. A small group living facility for offenders
e. The removal of a conviction
f. Violating conditions of parole
g. Act of clemency
h. Criterion for deciding whether evidence is strong enough to uphold an arrest
i.Originated in Wisconsin in 1913
j.Regulate non-criminal behavior
Relapse process
Q:
A national clearinghouse of information about correctional practices is:
a. the American Correctional Association.
b. the National Institute of Corrections.
c. the California Peace Officers Association.
d. the American Probation and Parole Association.
Q:
The crime rate today is about what it was in:
a. 1953.
b. 1963.
c. 1973.
d. 1993.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. When an ex-offender's poor decision making makes adjustment problems worse
b. Handle problems with recently released offenders
c. Legal barrier to reentry
d. A small group living facility for offenders
e. The removal of a conviction
f. Violating conditions of parole
g. Act of clemency
h. Criterion for deciding whether evidence is strong enough to uphold an arrest
i.Originated in Wisconsin in 1913
j.Regulate non-criminal behavior
Civil disability
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. When an ex-offender's poor decision making makes adjustment problems worse
b. Handle problems with recently released offenders
c. Legal barrier to reentry
d. A small group living facility for offenders
e. The removal of a conviction
f. Violating conditions of parole
g. Act of clemency
h. Criterion for deciding whether evidence is strong enough to uphold an arrest
i.Originated in Wisconsin in 1913
j.Regulate non-criminal behavior
Expungement
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. When an ex-offender's poor decision making makes adjustment problems worse
b. Handle problems with recently released offenders
c. Legal barrier to reentry
d. A small group living facility for offenders
e. The removal of a conviction
f. Violating conditions of parole
g. Act of clemency
h. Criterion for deciding whether evidence is strong enough to uphold an arrest
i.Originated in Wisconsin in 1913
j.Regulate non-criminal behavior
Reentry courts
Q:
The social costs of the growth of the penal system have been borne most substantially by:
a. working-class families.
b. suburban communities.
c. men.
d. minority communities.
Q:
Compared to the 1970s, those who go to prison serve sentences that are:
a. nearly twice as short.
b. nearly twice as long.
c. nearly identical.
d. incomparable.
Q:
In recent years there has been a dramatic growth in what type of studies?
a. leadership effectiveness
b. program effectiveness
c. prison effectiveness
d. vision effectiveness
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. When an ex-offender's poor decision making makes adjustment problems worse
b. Handle problems with recently released offenders
c. Legal barrier to reentry
d. A small group living facility for offenders
e. The removal of a conviction
f. Violating conditions of parole
g. Act of clemency
h. Criterion for deciding whether evidence is strong enough to uphold an arrest
i.Originated in Wisconsin in 1913
j.Regulate non-criminal behavior
Community correctional center
Q:
The effectiveness of corrections is usually measured by rates of:
a. therapy involvement .
b. recidivism.
c. incarceration rates.
d. program completion.
Q:
All of the following can be classified as civil disabilities that offenders face once released from prison, except for:
a. the right to remain silent.
b. the right to own and possess a firearm
c. the right to hold public office.
d. the right to vote
Q:
According to the author, Most correctional administrators find that their greatest frustrations lie in:
a. budgetary constraints.
b. legal constraints.
c. lack of interagency partnerships.
d. lack of a clear mission.
Q:
Leadership studies suggest that:
a. good leaders can handle any situation.
b. great leaders are born not made.
c. Winston Churchill is the ideal leader.
d. skills must fit the situation.
Q:
The authors contend that the field of corrections will get nowhere without:
a. ample resources.
b. effective methodologies.
c. effective leadership.
d. a new vision.
Q:
Which of the following is NOT one of the most serious unmet personal needs of parolees?
a. homelessness
b. history of drug and alcohol abuse
c. diet
d. mental health disorder
Q:
In both _____________ and ______________, offenders released under supervision have fewer returns to prison for new crimes than do those who leave without supervision.
a. France; Germany
b. Germany; the United States
c. Canada; France
d. the United States; Canada
Q:
_____________ refers to a legal process that results in the removal of a conviction from official records.
a. Pardon
b. Dismissal
c. Expungement
d. Rejoinder
Q:
A constitutional and traditional bulwark of our government is:
a. harsh punishment.
b. the separation of powers.
c. disproportionality.
d. interagency cooperation.
Q:
A potential threat to administrators' ability to manage the correctional system is:
a. media coverage
b. privatization.
c. personnel.
d. a schizophrenic public.
Q:
"The Iron Law of Prison Populations" refers to the size of a prison population determined by the number of people who are sent to prison and ___________.
a. their gender
b. their length of stay
c. their classification
d. their age
Q:
Thirteen percent of cannot vote due to their prior felony convictions:
a. white men
b. black men
c. adult males
d. Latino males
Q:
It is estimated that roughly ____ Americans cannot vote due to their felony convictions.
a. 1 million
b. 2 million
c. 3 million
d. 5 million
Q:
One example of techno-corrections is:
a. electronic monitoring
b. guard tower controls
c. probation officer
d. work-release centers
Q:
Parole officer caseloads average:
a. 36 cases per officer.
b. 50 cases per officer.
c. 66 cases per officer.
d. 80 cases per officer.
Q:
Corrections' main resource is:
a. money.
b. power.
c. personnel.
d. law.
Q:
Parolees are often required to gain an education, have money, and have a__________ as part of their conditions of release.a. familyb. childc. jobd. church
Q:
Residential programs normally house between 10 and__________ offenders at any one time.a. 12b. 15c. 25d. 50
Q:
A recent trend that aims to improve agency coordination is:
a. mission clarity.
b. partnerships.
c. restructuring.
d. method clarity.
Q:
A structural problem with corrections is that the system dependson significant factors:
a. outside of its control.
b. that conflict with one another.
c. that cannot be administered fairly.
d. outside budget capabilities.
Q:
Most parole failures occur:
a. long after release.
b. soon after release.
c. after one year.
d. before release.
Q:
Today, parole boards release approximately __________of all inmates up for parole.a. 25 percentb. 40 percentc. 50 percentd. 65 percent
Q:
The history of corrections has taught us that we often __________ the people we try to help.
a. cure
b. reach
c. neglect
d. injure
Q:
A parolee may be required to:
a. abstain from alcohol.
b. keep away from certain people.
c. maintain good work habits.
d. all of these.
Q:
The most stringent correctional methods are applied __________ in practice.
a. fairly
b. disproportionately
c. sparingly
d. liberally
Q:
The most experienced correctional workers have seen highly praised programs:
a. gain widespread support.
b. achieve great ends.
c. come and go.
d. fail to be implemented.
Q:
The vast majority of offenders released from prison remain:
a. under correctional authority for some time.
b. criminally active.
c. drug free.
d. employed.
Q:
If the correctional mission is unclear, the best correctional strategies and techniques often:
a. have a high rate of success.
b. work effectively.
c. do not seem to work.
d. enjoy wide public support.
Q:
Offenders released under supervisory conditions experience__________ returns to prison for new crimes than those who leave without required supervision.a. comparableb. morec. fewerd. corresponding
Q:
In the 1960s, most people agreed that the primary mission of corrections was:
a. retribution.
b. rehabilitation.
c. incapacitation.
d. deterrence.
Q:
When offenders work and live at home during the week and then return to the prison for the weekend, it is:
a. a group housing program.
b. a work furlough.
c. a reentry approach.
d. a training program.
Q:
When parole officers play the role of __________ , they can restrict many aspects of the parolee's life and initiate revocation for violations.a. copb. social workerc. welfare workerd. paternal officer
Q:
Corrections lacks a clear:
a. mission.
b. method.
c. structure.
d. approach.
Q:
Most of those in charge of today's corrections system would argue that what we are doing is:
a. effective.
b. self-destructive.
c. fair.
d. reasonable.
Q:
The number of people under correctional control currently totals over:
a. 2 million.
b. 4 million.
c. 7 million.
d. 9 million.
Q:
One major worry for the public that concerns parolees is:
a. homelessness.
b. violence on release.
c. lying on employment applications.
d. civil disability.
Q:
Which of the following is NOT a high-priority need for many offenders released from prison?
a. marriage/home life
b. education
c. money
d. job
Q:
NIMBY stands for:
a. no inmate by me.
b. never in my best.
c. not in my backyard.
d. no inmate may buy time.
Q:
The term __________refers to the use of technology to monitor those on community corrections.
a. techno-corrections
b. techno-prison
c. techno-warden
d. techno-jails
Q:
Research has shown that postrelease supervision is________ in its effectiveness.a. excellentb. poorc. limitedd. none of these