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Q:
The most common crimes committed by male offenders are also the most common crimes committed by female offenders.
a. True
b. False
Q:
To obtain approximate, tentative answers about how widespread an outbreak of welfare rights protests is, a researcher would conduct
a. a trend study.
b. an explanatory study.
c. an exploratory study.
d. a longitudinal study.
e. a descriptive study.
Q:
Which of the following illustrates the use of the inductive method?
a. hypothesis, observations, accept or reject hypothesis.
b. observations, pattern finding, and generalizations.
c. theory, hypothesis, observations, generalizations.
d. theory, observations, and generalizations.
e. generalizations, theory, and observations.
Q:
Compatible information and data extracted and pooled together from data gathered from a number of previous studies is referred to as data mining.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A theory is
a. a paradigm
b. a hypothesis
c. a systematic set of interrelated statements intended to explain something
d. All of these
Q:
When considering the validity of self-report studies, researchers do not consider the phenomenon of missing cases to be of concern.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A study that attempts to develop an in-depth subjective understanding of a unique cult is being guided by what paradigm?
a. positivism.
b. feminist research.
c. interpretivism.
d. critical social science.
Q:
The UCR uses three methods to express crime data.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Most juvenile sex offenders are teenagers, but about 26% of those who come to the attention of law enforcement are younger than 12 years of age.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A study that attempts to gather data as ammunition for advocating for a particular cause is being guided by what paradigm?
a. positivism.
b. advocacyism.
c. interpretivism.
d. critical social science.
Q:
NCVS data tells us that teenage victimization is interracial.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A study of how the same clients discharged from a mental hospital in 2000 were functioning in 2001, 2002, 2003, and so on through 2007 would be
a. an inductive study
b. a qualitative study
c. a longitudinal study
d. a cross-sectional study
Q:
Discuss juvenile victimization trends. Be sure to include male/female victimization experiences, rates of serious crime experiences, and rates of increase or decline; also address juvenile reports of victimization. Why do you think juveniles would report or not report being victims of crime? Provide a rationale for your view.
Q:
Some research studies can combine the use of qualitative methods with the use of quantitative methods.
Q:
Qualitative studies are more likely than quantitative studies to specify their research procedures in advance.
Q:
Discuss the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and delinquency. Be sure to include the points indicated in the text as clear-cut indicators of the relationship. Do you agree or disagree that SES is related to delinquency? Provide a rationale for your view.
Q:
Qualitative research methods are compatible with quantitative research methods.
Q:
Quantitative research methods are more likely than qualitative methods to begin with a flexible plan.
Q:
List and describe three reasons experts provide as to why crime declines with age. Which of the reasons do you find most viable? Provide a rationale for your views.
Q:
List the four childhood risk factors, along with descriptors identified as contributing to persistent delinquency. Indicate which of these factors you would identify as the most important and provide a rationale for your choice.
Q:
Qualitative research methods are more likely to generate theoretically rich observations that are not easily reduced to numbers.
Q:
Qualitative research methods are more likely to tap the deeper meanings of human experiences.
Q:
Discuss the compatibility of the UCR, NCVS, and self-report data sources. Assume that you are assigned a research project and one of the requirements of the assignment is that you use one of these data sources. Which of these data sources would you be more inclined to use? Provide a rationale for your choice.
Q:
Delinquency experts have identified a variety of social, economic, personal and demographic factors that influence juvenile crime trends. Identify and describe five of the nine listed influences as presented in the text. Which of the influences you listed do you believe to have the most impact on delinquency? Explain your position.
Q:
When we want to verify whether a cause produces an effect in general, we are more likely to use quantitative methods.
Q:
Explain cognitive behavioral therapy and the effectiveness of the program. What are your views on this treatment? Do you agree with the claim that it addresses such areas as mood disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder? What type of youth-adjudicated delinquent would be the ideal candidate for this type of treatment? Provide a rationale for your views.
Q:
Because of their philosophical differences, qualitative and quantitative methods are inherently incompatible.
Q:
Discuss the concept of the chronic offender. Do you agree that early, repeated engagement in delinquency is the best predictor of future adult criminality? Do you think that "careers in delinquency" is an apropos descriptor for this group of youthful offenders? Explain your position.
Q:
Qualitative methods emphasize precise and generalizable statistical findings.
Q:
Discuss the juvenile arrest trends presented in the text. Do you feel this information is different than or the same as the information presented in the media? Explain your position.
Q:
Explain three of the secondary sources of delinquency data provided in the text. Of these, which do you believe to be the most reliable? Provide a rationale for your choice. How do you believe these sources of data compare to "official sources" such as the UCR or NCVS? Explain your position.
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about the data interpretation phase in mixed methods studies?a. An appropriate data analysis will always provide only one possible correct interpretation.b. Judgments about the meaning of the findings are inappropriate.c. Some proper data analyses yield findings that could be interpreted by rival explanations.d. Good studies never need to have methodological limitations mentioned during the data interpretation phase.
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about the phases of the research process in mixed methods studies?
a. Data collection methods are determined during the problem formulation phase.
b. Data collection methods are determined during the study design phase.
c. The research question is posed during the study design phase.
d. The sequence of the problem formulation phase depends on whether qualitative or quantitative methods are emphasized.
Q:
One of the few approaches to interpersonal change validated by research is a treatment that focuses on patterns of thinking and the beliefs, attitudes, and values that underlie thinking. What is the name of this program?
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about the phases of the research process in mixed methods studies?
a. The problem formulation phase comes first.
b. The problem formulation phase comes third.
c. The first phase is designing the study.
d. None of these.
Q:
According to the text, the African American family structure has been weakened by what two areas of marginalization?
Q:
It was reported that there has been an explosive growth of youth gangs in the United States; according to surveys, there are in excess of how many gang members in the United States?
Q:
Which of the following statements best typifies a mixed methods study?
a. A study that ends with a qualitative method but emphasizes a quantitative method.
b. A study that emphasizes a qualitative method and implements it concurrently with a quantitative method.
c. A study that has an equal emphasis on a qualitative and a quantitative method but
does not implement them both concurrently.
d. All of these are equally likely to be called a mixed methods study.
Q:
Which of the following statements best typifies a mixed methods study?
a. A study that begins with a qualitative method but emphasizes a quantitative method.
b. A study that emphasizes a qualitative method but begins with a quantitative method.
c. A study that has an equal emphasis on a qualitative and a quantitative method and implements them concurrently.
d. All of these are equally likely to be called a mixed methods study.
.
Q:
Weather may affect delinquent behavior in a number of ways; most delinquent acts, according to the text, occur in what two months of the year?
Q:
Which of the following statements best typifies a mixed methods study?
a. A study that uses more then one type of quantitative method.
b. A study that uses more then one type of qualitative method.
c. A study that combines a qualitative method with a quantitative method.
d. All of these are equally likely to be called a mixed methods study.
.
Q:
What is the goal of data mining?
Q:
Regardless of race, social class, intelligence, or any other social variable, people commit fewer crimes as they age; this is referred to as the aging out process. Name the two other terms used to describe this phenomenon.
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about quantitative and qualitative methods?
a. Data analysis in quantitative studies is likely to be more time-consuming than in qualitative studies.
b. The data analysis phase in qualitative studies tends to involve about the same amount of labor intensiveness and time as in quantitative studies.
c. Data analysis in qualitative studies is likely to be more time-consuming than in quantitative studies.
d. The data analysis phase in quantitative studies is more likely to involve a search for patterns and meanings in narratives than in qualitative studies.
.
Q:
What does the MTF survey show regarding the offending differences between African American and White youths?
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about quantitative and qualitative methods?
a. Quantitative studies are more likely than qualitative studies to use open-ended items.
b. Qualitative studies are more likely than quantitative studies to use open-ended items.
c. Quantitative studies are more likely than qualitative studies to use interviews with probes.
d. Quantitative studies are more likely than qualitative studies to be labor intensive and more time-consuming in data collection.
Q:
What two areas do some experts associate with the violent delinquency rate between 1980 and 1990?
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about quantitative and qualitative methods?
a. Quantitative studies are more likely than qualitative studies to be more generalizable.
b. Qualitative studies are more likely than quantitative studies to be more generalizable.
c. Qualitative studies tend to have less contextual detail than quantitative studies.
d. Quantitative studies are more likely than qualitative studies to use grounded theory.
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about quantitative and qualitative methods?
a. Quantitative studies are more likely than qualitative studies to be done early in order to gain familiarity with a phenomenon.
b. Qualitative studies are more likely than quantitative studies to be done early in order to gain familiarity with a phenomenon.
c. Qualitative studies are more likely than quantitative studies to be initiated after familiarity with a phenomenon has been established.
d. Quantitative studies are more likely than qualitative studies to be done in the natural environment of the research participants .
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about quantitative and qualitative methods?
a. Quantitative studies are always deductive.
b. Quantitative studies always involve large samples.
c. Some quantitative studies are inductive and involve small samples.
d. Qualitative studies are usually deductive.
Q:
A crucial aspect of delinquency research is the measurement of what two areas associated with youth misbehavior?
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about quantitative and qualitative methods?
a. Qualitative research can sometimes pave the way for quantitative studies on the same subject.
b. Quantitative research generally should come before qualitative studies on the same subject.
c. Qualitative studies need to be followed by quantitative studies before the results can be sufficient.
d. Quantitative studies need to be followed by qualitative studies before the results can be sufficient.
Q:
As the size of the Black population increases, the perceived threat to the White population increases, resulting in a greater amount of social control imposed against African Americans by police. What is this theory called?
Q:
What are gang members far more likely to posses than are non"gang members?
Q:
A group of high school students were part of a sample who were asked to reveal their own participation in delinquent or criminal acts. What were the students asked to complete?
Q:
Qualitative methods:
a. Emphasize precise and generalizable statistical findings.
b. Are likely to tap deeper meanings.
c. Cannot be combined with quantitative methods in the same study.
d. Eschew objectivity entirely.
Q:
Of interest to delinquency scholars in juvenile justice victimization, what did the federal government sponsor to determine how many youth are victims each year and which adolescents are most likely to become victims of crime?
Q:
Suppose that Jane Doe, MSW properly engages in all of the steps of the EBP process, and then decides that the best evidence indicates that the quality of the therapeutic alliance explains all the variation in client outcome and that the intervention chosen explains none of the variation. In other words, she accepts the Dodo Bird verdict, based on the studies that supported that verdict. This would mean that Jane is NOT really being evidence-based in her practice.
Q:
What two factors stand out as encouraging recidivism?
Q:
Evidence-based practice applies to decisions made at all levels of practice, even at the policy level.
Q:
Evidence-based practice implies career-long learning.
Q:
In their controversial work, researchers John J. Donohue III and Steven Levitt found what empirical evidence to which the recent drop in the delinquency rate can be attributed?
Q:
Even if an intervention has been supported by exceptionally strong research evidence, practitioners need to evaluate whether that intervention has been the best choice for their particular client.
Q:
What research technique employs graphic representations of crime data patterns?
Q:
Social workers commonly work in settings where superiors do not understand or appreciate evidence-based practice and do not give practitioners enough time or other resources to carry out the evidence-based practice process.
Q:
What is the research technique that employs graphic representations of crime data patterns?
Q:
The top-down and bottom-up approaches to searching for evidence are mutually exclusive.
Q:
What data source indicates that the number of people who break the law is far greater than the number projected by official statistics?
Q:
The top-down approach to searching for evidence has the advantage of feasibility but can be risky in light of the fallibility and possible bias of experts.
Q:
In looking at the UCR, what two areas can crime reporting practices significantly influence?
Q:
All evidence-based practice questions should ask about a particular intervention in advance of the search for evidence.
Q:
Most juvenile sex offenders are teenagers; about 16% of those who come to the attention of the police are younger than what age?
Q:
If an intervention has been supported by the best evidence, then it is safe to assume that it will be effective with a particular client.
Q:
Which of the following refers to an increased amount of social control imposed against the Black population because of the perceived threat by the White population based on an increase in the size of the Black population?
a. Institutional racism
b. Racial profiling
c. Racial threat theory
d. Racial fear theory
Q:
Critical thinking is part of evidence-based practice.
Q:
The Jacob Wetterling Crimes Against Children Law, passed in 1996, requires states to pass some version of what law or risk the loss of federal aid?
a. Kayla's Law
b. Jessica's Law
c. Megan's Law
d. Jonathan's Law
Q:
The term evidence-based practice is an extension of the term evidence-based medicine, which predated it.
Q:
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between weather and delinquent behavior?
a. Spring and summer provide the greatest opportunity for juveniles to commit.
b. More juvenile crime is committed during the fall months.
c. Juveniles commit more violent crime when the weather is warmer.
d. The frequency of violent acts such as sexual assault decline as the weather becomes colder.
Q:
As part of a school project, Jack compared the rate of victimization between teens and people over the age of 65. Jack was surprised when he learned that
a. as a teenager, Jack was 21 times more likely to be victimized than his grandparents.
b. as a teenager, Jack was 15 times more likely to be victimized than his grandparents.
c. as a teenager, Jack and his grandparents each have an equal chance of being victimized.
d. Jake's grandparents were 15 times more likely to be victimized than Jake.
Q:
The evidence-based practice model encourages practitioners to integrate scientific evidence with their practice expertise.