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Q:
What theory holds that low intelligence is generally determined and inherited?
a. Psychological
b. Nature
c. Realist
d. Nurture
Q:
In August, Jack and Jill went on vacation. They asked their neighbor, Cole, to keep an eye on their home and Sasha, their dog, while they were away. Cole agreed but forgot to tell them that he would be out of town one of the days to attend a conference. To relieve their boredom and as an end-of-summer back-to-school last hurrah, King, Itsey, and Drew, teenagers who live in the neighborhood, decided they would break into Jack and Jill's house to steal their sizeable collection of portable electronics. In this scenario, who is/are the capable guardian(s)?
a. Jack and Jill
b. Cole
c. King, Itsey, and Drew
d. Sasha the dog
Q:
Unfortunately, the number of journals related to social work is very small, numbering less than 10 at last count.
Q:
When searching for studies on an Internet professional literature database, using the word "OR" narrows the list of links that come up.
Q:
Cohen and Felson posited that crimes against persons or crimes of theft are influenced by the interaction of three variables: capable guardian(s), suitable target(s), and motivated offender(s). What is the name of this theory?
a. Conflict theory
b. Social disorganization theory
c. Control theory
d. Routine activities
Q:
After reading about the crackdown on shoplifting at the local discount store by enforcing full criminal penalties allowed by law, Drew and Cole decided they would abandon their plan to steal CDs. What crime control policy influenced their decision?
a. Specific deterrence
b. Retribution
c. General deterrence
d. Incapacitation
Q:
According to the text, regarding effective strategies for deterring delinquency, which strategy is described as seemingly working the best?
a. Focusing police activities on community problems
b. Focusing police activities on particular problems
c. Focusing police activities on reports from community watch programs
d. Focusing the police activities onreports from school resource officers
Q:
Regardless of whether you use your computer or the card catalogues in your library, you may find additional useful references by using the library stacks.
Q:
Feasibility should NOT be a consideration when formulating an idealistic, far-reaching study.
Q:
Agency member resistances to research often result in the need for much more time than anticipated to complete the research.
Q:
Itsey went to the ATM to withdraw cash for girls' night out; a man came out of the shadows and threatened her with bodily harm if she did not hand the cash over to him. Itsey was the victim of what type of crime?
a. Conflict theft
b. Situational crime
c. Victim precipitated crime
d. Predatory crime
Q:
A good research question should be narrow and specific, feasible to study, posed in a way that can be answered by observable evidence, and have significant potential relevance for guiding social welfare policy or social work practice.
Q:
Which of the following best describes Beccaria's position on punishment?
a. Severe and swift enough to deter crime
b. Sufficiently severe, certain, and swift
c. Certain and sufficiently severe
d. Swift and certain
Q:
If you wanted to study forms of retaliation in the drug trade, which form would you investigate to understand nonviolent revenge gained through resource confiscation without interaction between the retaliator and wrongdoer during the transfer?
a. Violent confiscation
b. Fraudulent retaliation
c. Stealth retaliation
d. Pure fight
Q:
Reference librarians can be very helpful if you want to find something in the library.
Q:
Your friend was given an assignment to research classical criminology. Whose writings would your friend research to understand the core principles of this theory?
a. Marcus Felson
b. Travis Hirschi
c. Cesare Lombroso
d. Cesare Beccaria
Q:
The literature review should be delayed until a topic and research question are chosen.
Q:
Which of the following statements is NOT recommended for systematic reviews or meta-analyses?
a. The criteria for excluding studies should be identified.
b. Unpublished studies should NOT be included.
c. The methodological rigor of the included studies should be appraised.
d. There is no need to contact authors of previous studies.
Q:
The juvenile court has been a revolving door where Jill is concerned. The impulsivity in her decision-making is the driving force for her participation in delinquent activities and Jill's counselor remarked that at times she feels Jill's conduct is almost instinctual. What theory best fits Jill's behaviors?
a. Biological theory
b. Routine activities theory
c. Choice theory
d. Trait theory
Q:
Which of the following is the correct amount for incarcerating one juvenile in some jurisdictions?
a. $30,000.00 / year
b. $45,000.00 / year
c. $50,000.00 / year
d. $65,000.00 / year
Q:
Jack wanted a new iPad, but he did not want to spend the money he was saving for his ski trip. He then considered stealing one from a local bookstore where security was lax. Jack deliberated between the prosnew iPad and ski tripand the cons getting caught for stealing the iPad. Given the slipshod security at the bookstore, Jack decided to steal an iPad. Of the following theories of crime and delinquency, which one best explains Jack's behavior?
a. Rational choice
b. Neurological
c. Specific deterrence
d. Routine activities
Q:
Which of the following statements is NOT recommended for literature reviews that are part of larger studies or proposals?
a. The review should be thorough and up to date.
b. The review should be terse.
c. The review should provide extensive details about each prior study.
d. The review should point out any disagreements among previous researchers.
Q:
Cognitive theory focuses on the way people perceive and mentally represent the world around them as well as how they solve problems.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Which of the following statements is (are) TRUE about writing the literature review in reports of social work research studies?
a. It should bring the reader up to data on the previous research in the area.
b. It should point out any general agreements or disagreements among previous researchers.
c. It should show how the reported study relates to, yet goes beyond, the previous studies.
d. All of these.
Q:
Which of the following statements is true regarding qualitative researchers seeking to construct theory in an inductive fashion?
a. The literature review should always come very early in the research process.
b. The literature review might come early or late in the research process.
c. The literature review should always come fairly late in the research process.
d. There is universal agreement about when the literature review should be conducted.
Q:
Development of culturally sensitive explanations of human behavior in the 1930s led to the nature theory of intelligence.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Male aggression may be more a matter of socialization or cultural patterns than genetic transfer.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Which of the following statements is true regarding conducting a study that builds on prior research?
a. It is okay if the study departs radically from the prior research.
b. It should never duplicate a previous study.
c. It should NOT depart radically from the prior research.
d. It should never duplicate a previous study and should NOT depart radically from the prior research.
Q:
Which of the following statements is (are) TRUE about electronically accessing Internet professional databases?
a. Using "AND" expands the list of links that come up.
b. Using "OR" narrows the list of links that come up.
c. Using "AND" narrows the list of links that come up
d. Using "NOT" expands the list of links that come up.
Q:
Research has linked ADHD to the onset and sustenance of a delinquent career.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Which of the following statements is (are) TRUE about the literature review in social work research?
a. Reference librarians are rarely helpful when it comes to social work literature
b. Online searches are too cumbersome and should be avoided.
c. Online searches remove the need to examine recent issues of professional journals.
d. None of these.
Q:
Which of the following statements is (are) TRUE about the literature review in social work research?
a. It should start after the study is designed.
b. It should start early in planning a study.
c. It is necessary to formulate the research question before starting the literature review.
d. All of these.
Q:
Specific deterrence strategies may work better with adult miscreants than with young, inexperienced juvenile offenders.
a. True
b. False
Q:
DZ twins are closer than MZ twins in level of aggression and verbal skills.
a. True
b. False
Q:
While shame can be a powerful deterrent, young offenders also seem to be influenced by forgiveness and acceptance.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Which of the following statements is (are) TRUE about selecting a research question?
a. The selection should be based exclusively on the researcher's personal curiosity.
b. The question should have relevance for guiding social welfare policy or social work practice.
c. Reading the research literature on the topic should be put off until after the research question is finalized.
d. All of these.
e. None of these.
Q:
Which of the following is NOT an attribute of a good research question?
a. There should be only one possible acceptable answer to it.
b. It should be stated in specific terms.
c. It should be answerable by observable evidence.
d. Its answer should be relevant to others concerned about social work or social welfare.
Q:
Traditionally, the juvenile court relied on parens patriae which mandated children be punished for their misdeeds.
a. True
b. False
Q:
According to deterrence theory, only the actual chance of punishment influences a youth's decision to engage in delinquency.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Although cultural competence is important in social work practice, it is NOT important in social work research.
Q:
After-school programs are designed to reduce criminal activity; research has found that these programs do in fact reduce crime rates.
a. True
b. False
Q:
It is sometimes difficult for IRB panelists to decide whether to approve a proposed study.
Q:
Any organization wishing to receive federal research support must establish an IRB that reviews all of the organization's research proposals involving human participants and rules on their ethics.
Q:
According to Freud, the superego is the unrestrained, primitive, pleasure-seeking component of the human personality with which each child is born.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Scarcity of resources increases the number of motivated offenders, which increases the delinquency rates.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Descriptive research answers the question "what's so" and explanatory research answers the question "why."
Q:
Mary chronicles people's attitudes toward an upcoming poverty program. Mary is doing explanatory research.
Q:
Positivists believe that behavior is a function of often uncontrollable factors, such as mental illness.
a. True
b. False
Q:
In deduction we start from observed data and develop a generalization that explains the relationship between the observed concepts.
Q:
Siblings living in a similar environment may develop similar types of friends; consequently, the critical influence toward delinquent behavior is that of peers rather than siblings.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Youth may be forced to choose delinquent behavior to help them solve problems; by engaging in antisocial behaviors some youth are able to exert control over their lives and destinies.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Social work practice models, like theories, can influence the research process.
Q:
A research study must choose between the inductive versus the deductive method; it cannot use both methods.
Q:
It has been argued that low IQ increases the likelihood of delinquent behavior through its effect on school performance.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Research designs can be descriptive, explanatory, or exploratory, but never more than one.
Q:
There is no relationship between adolescent aggression and disrupted dependency relations with parents.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Evidence linking food allergies to antisocial behaviors are inconclusive.
a. True
b. False
Q:
It is sometimes possible to predict something correctly and accurately even if we don"t yet understand it.
Q:
Critical social science researchers view research as a way to marshal ammunition in support of their social change efforts.
Q:
Antisocial behavior allegedly peaks in the teenage years because hormonal activity is at its highest level during this period.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Which of the following statements is true regarding the influence of ethical considerations on social work research?
a. If a study violates any ethical guidelines, regardless of how subtle the violation is and regardless of the study's expected benefits, it will not be approved by an IRB.
b. It is sometimes difficult to judge whether the expected benefits of a study outweigh subtle and arguable ethical concerns.
c. Most agency studies that involve their clients as research participants do NOT require obtaining IRB approval.
d. If a study is being done on clients who are court ordered for treatment, voluntary participation and informed consent are no longer relevant as an ethical issue.
Q:
An adolescent's work experience may actually increase delinquency.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A poor economy may actually aid in lowering delinquency rates because the opportunities available to youth to engage in criminal behavior are limited.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Alex interviews the same survivors of a hurricane immediately after the hurricane and then again at 3 month intervals over two years to see how the effects of the hurricane on them change over time. Alex is conducting a:
a. trend study.
b. cohort study
c. panel study.
d. cross-sectional study.
Q:
Evaluation studies:
a. are done for exploration purposes.
b. are done for description purposes.
c. al are done for explanation purposes.
d. can be done for exploration, description or explanatory purposes.
Q:
As a means to deal with fear of peer rejection or loneliness, research indicates some kids turn to crime.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Explanatory studies:
a. can employ qualitative, quantitative, and/or mixed methods.
b. always use qualitative methods.
c. always use quantitative methods.
d. none of these.
Q:
While boys are far more likely to be victims of robbery, girls are far more likely to be victims of sexual assault.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Meta-analysis refers to an analysis of collected findings from previously conducted scientific studies that address a particular problem, synthesizing the evidence, and using the collective evidence to address a particular scientific question.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Descriptive studies:
a. can employ qualitative, quantitative, and/or mixed methods.
b. always use qualitative methods.
c. always use quantitative methods.
d. none of these
Q:
Exploratory studies:
a. can employ qualitative, quantitative, and/or mixed methods.
b. always use qualitative methods.
c. always use quantitative methods.
d. usually use quantitative methods.
Q:
Disaggregated refers to analyzing the relationship between two or more independent variables while controlling for the influence of a dependent variable.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Explanatory studies are designed to find answers to which of the following questions?
a. Are people's attitudes toward public welfare changing?
b. Why are people's attitudes toward public welfare changing?
c. Who watches soap operas?
d. All of the above.
Q:
Children who engage in disruptive behaviors when they are 5 or 6 years old are most likely to exhibit disruptive behaviors throughout adolescence.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Descriptive studies do NOT
a. study relationships between variables.
b. tell why something occurred.
c. use operational definitions.
d use concepts.
e. Descriptive studies DO all of the above.
Q:
After adolescence, age is inversely related to criminality; as youthful offenders mature, their offending rates decline.
a. True
b. False
Q:
If a researcher wanted to know why there was a noticeable increase in the number of reported incidents of child abuse in the town of Southpaw during 2005, the researcher would design
a. a descriptive study.
b. an explanatory study.
c. a trend study.
d a longitudinal study.
e. an exploratory study.
Q:
The concept of the chronic offender is most closely associated with the research efforts of Mark Lipsey and associates.
a. True
b. False
Q:
According to official statistics, minority youths are arrested for serious criminal behavior at a rate that is proportionate to their representation in the population.
a. True
b. False
Q:
If social workers wanted to find out how satisfied clients are, on the average, with the services they received, they would undertake
a. a descriptive study.
b. a trend study
c. a cohort study.
d an exploratory study.
e. an explanatory study.