Q&A Hero

Q: Status offenders are those who fall under a jurisdictional age limit and who commit an act in violation of the penal code. a. True b. False

Q: The belief that juvenile offenders should be held accountable as adult transgressors was one motivating principle behind the Illinois Juvenile Court Act. a. True b. False

Q: Verdicts in the Illinois Juvenile Court Act relied upon the stricter standard (i.e., beyond a reasonable doubt) to determine the guilt of a juvenile offender. a. True b. False

Q: The child savers' movement spurred states to develop specialized educational facilities for juvenile delinquents called halfway houses. a. True b. False

Q: The House of Refuge was a care facility developed by the child savers to protect potential criminal youths by taking them off the street and providing a family-like environment. a. True b. False

Q: Urbanization created a growing number of at-risk youth in the nation's rural areas. a. True b. False

Q: A comprehensive juvenile justice strategy focuses on delinquency prevention as well as expanding options for handling juvenile offenders. a. True b. False

Q: Juveniles have a constitutional right to jury trial. a. True b. False

Q: In 1912, the U.S. Children's Bureau was formed as the first state child welfare agency. a. True b. False

Q: By segregating delinquent children from adult offenders, society has placed greater importance on the delinquent being a child rather than being a criminal. a. True b. False

Q: Crime control advocates suggest that the court scale back its judicial role and transfer its functions to community groups and social service agencies. a. True b. False

Q: Delinquent expresses were sealed trains that transported urban youth to rural areas for compulsory manual labor farms. a. True b. False

Q: The adjudication is the trial stage of the juvenile court process. a. True b. False

Q: Intervention programs are focused on teenage youths considered to be at higher risk for engaging in petty delinquency acts, using drugs or alcohol, or associating with antisocial peers. a. True b. False

Q: Teen courts are geared toward young juveniles with no prior arrest records who are charged with minor law violations. a. True b. False

Q: Discuss what works, what doesn"t work, and what is promising in regard to school-based delinquency prevention programs.

Q: Delinquency prevention programs face a number of obstacles. Identify and discuss these obstacles. Which of the obstacles do you believe to be the most problematic? Explain.

Q: Discuss Denise Gottfredson's research into after-schools programs in Maryland. Explain your view on after-school programs; include in your view who should be responsible for funding such programs.

Q: Discuss Positive Action Through Holistic Education (PATHE). Do you think that schools should be responsible for providing delinquency prevention programs? Explain.

Q: Discuss the research regarding programs aimed at improving parenting skills.

Q: Explain the developmental perspective to classify delinquency prevention activities.

Q: Explain the public heath approach to delinquency prevention.

Q: Discuss federally funded delinquency prevention programs.

Q: Discuss the national estimate of costs related to juvenile violence.

Q: The text speaks to "the many faces of delinquency prevention." Explain what is meant by this turn of phrase.

Q: ____ childhood prevention programs are initiated before delinquency occurs.

Q: A(n) _____ factor would decrease the likelihood of delinquency in the future.

Q: The ____ perspective claims that delinquency in adolescents is influence by "behavioral and attitudinal patterns that have been learned during an individual's development."

Q: A group of subjects that does not receive a prevention program is called the ____.

Q: A group of subjects that receives a prevention program is called the ____.

Q: _____ programs are designed to assist students whose parent(s) work, even though school has been dismissed.

Q: _____ programs usually involve nonprofessional volunteers spending time with people at risk for delinquency.

Q: ______ is the best-known and largest job training program in the United States.

Q: ______ is a comprehensive program used in secondary schools that reduces school disorder and aims to improve the school environment.

Q: ______ was started in 1978 by a group of young people in New York City to provide job training in carpentry and construction to disadvantaged, unemployed youths.

Q: Incarceration of juvenile delinquents is an example of a(n) _____ approach to juvenile delinquency.

Q: The _______teaches teachers and parents of students in first through sixth grade to reward appropriate behavior and to consistently provide negative consequences for undesirable behavior.

Q: The Nurse"Family Partnership is the best-known ______ program.

Q: The _____ program was set up to help improve the lives of young people at high risk for delinquency, gang involvement, substance abuse, and other problem behaviors.

Q: One approach to reduce the costs of juvenile delinquency that focuses on stopping delinquency before it begins is _____.

Q: _____ programs were instituted in the 1960s as a part of President Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty.

Q: The goal of _______ initiatives, such as Boston's Mid-City Program, was to meet youths on their own turf.

Q: Elements in the randomized experimental design are the experimental group and the ____.

Q: The most common areas of increased risk, based on a large number of male and female youths enrolled in the Juvenile Mentoring Programs are school and _____.

Q: Boot camps present an example of delinquency ______.

Q: The effectiveness of mentoring programs, according to the text, has been shown to be _____. a. inconclusive, with some programs working and others not b. most effective with older children c. more effective than other programs d. less effective than other programs

Q: Which of the following risk factors would have the greatest impact on juvenile delinquency? a. School problems b. Property crime c. Truancy d. Fighting

Q: Which of the following is NOT one of the pressing issues facing the future of delinquency prevention? a. Ethical concerns over early intervention b. The ease with which delinquency prevention programs have expanded c. Labeling and stigmatization that target at-risk families d. The long delays before early childhood programs show an impact on delinquency

Q: A positive prior factor in an individual's life that decreases the risk of future delinquent behaviors is termed a(n) _____. a. protective factor b. positive factor c. lucky break d. proactive factor

Q: The _____ used a method in which teachers learn techniques that reward appropriate student behavior and minimize disruptive behavior. a. Good Behavior Game b. Quantum Opportunities Program c. Seattle Social Development Project d. Juvenile Mentoring Program

Q: Developmental prevention refers to interventions, especially those targeting _____ designed to prevent the growth of criminal potential in individuals. a. status offenses b. school failure c. alcohol abuse d. risk and protective factors

Q: The ______was set up to help improve the lives of young people at high risk for delinquency, gang involvement, substance abuse and other problem behaviors. a. Mobilization for Youth program (MOBY) b. YMCA c. Chicago Area Project d. Children At Risk program (CAR)

Q: Experimentation with comprehensive community-based delinquency prevention began with the ______. a. Mobilization for Youth program (MOBY) b. YMCA c. Chicago Area Project d. Children At Risk Program (CAR)

Q: ______is the best-known and largest job training program in the United States. a. YouthBuild U.S.A. b. Job Corps c. Peace Corps d. Dream Job

Q: ________ is a Canadian program implemented in a public housing development in Ottawa that recruits low-income young people to participate in after-school activities. a. Participate and Learn Skills (PALS) b. Project PATHE c. Quantum Opportunities Program d. Juvenile Mentoring Program

Q: Boys and Girls Clubs of America are one of the most successful ______ in preventing juvenile delinquency. a. mentoring programs b. after-school programs c. job training programs d. comprehensive community-based programs

Q: More than _____ of all married couples with school-age children (ages 6 to 17) have both parents working outside the home. a. one-half b. one-quarter c. nine-tenths d. two-thirds

Q: ______is a comprehensive program used in secondary schools that reduces school disorder and aims to improve the school environment. a. Project PATHE b. Big Brothers Big Sisters Program c. Quantum Opportunities Program d. Juvenile Mentoring Program

Q: Violence prevention curriculum for adolescents is one type of school-based prevention program. What does the curriculum hope to achieve? a. Present anger as a normal, potentially constructive human emotion b. Encourage the free expression of anger whenever the emotion emerges c. Develop methods to suppress anger and other self-destructive emotions d. Develop age-appropriate expressions of anger

Q: _______ has provided thousands of youths with advisors and relies on responsible and caring adults to volunteer their time as mentors to young people. a. Project PATHE b. Mobilization for Youth (MOBY) c. Quantum Opportunities Program d. Juvenile Mentoring Program

Q: _____ focused on the effects of an early preventive intervention program for 6-year-old boys from poor neighborhoods who were aggressive and hyperactive. a. Mobilization for Youth (MOBY) b. Chicago Area Project c. Montreal Longitudinal-Experimental Study d. Boston's Mid-City Project

Q: The Oregon Social Learning Center (OSLC) personnel teaches parents _____. a. disciplinary techniques that stress firmness b. that scowling or scolding is effective at deterring their children's behavior c. that time out is ineffective for controlling their children's behavior d. that explosive discipline is a last resort form of discipline

Q: The most widely cited parenting skills program is one created by the ______. a. Administration on Children, Youth, and Families b. Oregon Social Learning Center c. Westinghouse Learning Center d. Administration for Children and Families

Q: A popular and effective form of family support according to the text is _____. a. Head Start b. Mentor America c. home visitation d. PALS

Q: _____, in the public health approach, focuses on intervening with children and young people who are potentially at risk for becoming offenders. a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. General prevention

Q: ______, in the public health approach, focuses on intervening with adjudicated juvenile offenders through such measures as substance abuse treatment and imprisonment. a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. General prevention

Q: ______, in the public health approach, focuses on improving the general well-being of individuals through such measures as access to health care services and general prevention education. a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. General prevention

Q: ______ received federal funding and attempted an integrated approach to community development. a. Mobilization for Youth (MOBY) b. Chicago Area Project c. Boston's Mid-City Project d. Cambridge-Somerville Youth Study

Q: ______ dispatched trained social workers to seek out and meet with youth gangs three to four times a week on the gang's own turf. a. Mobilization for Youth (MOBY) b. Chicago Area Project c. Boston's Mid-City Project d. Cambridge-Somerville Youth Study

Q: In the _____, a major focus on delinquency prevention programs was to reach out to youth who were unlikely to use community centers. a. 1930s b. 1940s c. 1950s d. 1960s

Q: One study puts the total cost of a murder, which includes victim costs plus costs to the justice system, at just under _____. a. $1 million b. $5 million c. $ 8 million d. $10 million

Q: The Cambridge-Somerville Youth Study was one of the first delinquency prevention programs to be evaluated using a(n) _____. a. control group b. cost-benefit analysis c. self-report study d. randomized experimental design

Q: Started by Shaw and McKay, the _____ was one of the earliest juvenile delinquency prevention programs. a. Chicago Area Project b. House of Refuge c. Detached Street Workers d. Cambridge Project

Q: The only national estimate of the costs of juvenile delinquency focuses on _____. a. status crimes b. sexual crimes c. juvenile violence d. substance abuse

Q: Delinquency prevention programs directly help the adolescent, but other benefits, such as job skill acquisition and stronger family ties, are also benefits created by these programs. a. True b. False

Q: Mentoring has been shown to reduce delinquency and aggression. a. True b. False

Q: Daycare serves to provide the child with a number of benefits, including social interaction with other children. a. True b. False

Q: A negative prior factor in an individual's life that increases the risk of delinquency is called a protective factor. a. True b. False

Q: The developmental perspective is characterized in part by its implementation from childhood to transition to work as an adult. a. True b. False

Q: Juvenile delinquency and the juvenile justice system have little relationship to each other. a. True b. False