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Q:
If women initiate the divorce, they report feeling_________ . If they did not initiate the divorce, they report feeling_________.a. optimism; vulnerableb. vulnerable; optimismc. depressed; relievedd. happy; sad
Q:
Which concept reflects an unwillingness of the divorced partner to let go, make new friendships, and reorient themselves as single parents?
a. divorce rumination
b. divorce hangover
c. maladaptive coping
d. maladaptive adjustment
Q:
Gottman and Levenson (2000) found that_______ predicts divorce early in marriage, while__________ predicts divorce later in marriage.
a. negative emotions; lack of positive emotions
b. lack of positive emotions; negative emotions
c. having children; negative emotions
d. Negative emotions predicts divorce at any point in marriage.
Q:
People with higher levels of education have_________levels of divorce than people with less education.
a. lower
b. higher
c. the same
d. There is no predictable relationship between education level and divorce rates.
Q:
African American and Asian American couples tend to
a. be married longer at time of divorce than European American couples.
b. be married less long at time of divorce than European American couples.
c. get married at younger ages than do European American couples.
d. have the lowest divorce rates of any ethnic or racial group in the United States.
Q:
In one longitudinal study, it was found that negative emotions displayed during conflict predicted early, but not later divorce. In general, this reflected a pattern of
a. wife demand-husband withdrawal
b. husband demand-wife withdrawal
c. wife demand-husband demand
d. wife withdrawal-husband withdrawal
Q:
Sandy is a spousal caregiver who maintains high marital satisfaction. Sandy is less likely to exhibit
a. stress.
b. effective coping strategies.
c. depressive symptoms.
d. anxiety disorders.
Q:
Some middle-aged couples have grown apart yet continue to live together, a situation sometimes referred to as
a. estrangement.
b. married singles.
c. emotional independence.
d. married friends.
Q:
As time goes on and stresses increase, marital satisfaction goes down. For many couples, the reason for this drop is having children. However, which of the following statements provides evidence that it is not simply having children that causes this decline?
a. The fussier the child, the more marital satisfaction declines.
b. Child-free couples experience a decline in marital satisfaction over time.
c. Lack of homogamy is a key predictor of marital dissatisfaction.
d. Younger married couples tend to be more emotionally negative and express fewer positive emotions.
Q:
Which theory sees marital quality as a dynamic process resulting from the couple's ability to handle stressful events in the context of their particular vulnerabilities and resources?
a. vulnerability-stress-adaptation model
b. homogamy model
c. exchange theory
d. marital quality-stress-resilience model
Q:
According to research on marital satisfaction in couples with children, the shape of the marital satisfaction curve across time is
a. steadily increasing.
b. steadily decreasing.
c. increasing while children are at home and decreasing when children begin leaving home.
d. decreasing while children are at home and increasing when children begin leaving home.
Q:
An important predictor of marital success is
a. age of the partners.
b. homogamy.
c. exchange theory.
d. all of these.
Q:
Bill and Cathy just got married and moved into an old house needing lots of repair. Bill is not good at household repair, but he is an excellent chef. Cathy cannot cook beyond cereal, but she is excellent at doing household repairs.
This is an example of
a. homogamy.
b. monogamy.
c. exchange theory.
d. socioemotional selectivity.
Q:
Marriage based on similarity of values and interests is called
a. monogamy.
b. homogamy.
c. polygamy.
d. compatibility.
Q:
"A subjective evaluation of a couple's relationship on a number of different dimensions" is the definition of which aspect of marriage?
a. marital success
b. marital quality
c. marital adjustment
d. marital satisfaction
Q:
What is the relationship between age and marriage?
a. As age decreases, success of marriage increases.
b. As age increases, success of marriage decreases.
c. As age decreases, success of marriage decreases.
d. There is no association between age and marital success.
Q:
Gay and lesbian couples differ from heterosexual couples in that they are
a. less likely to cohabit.
b. more similar on demographic characteristics.
c. less similar on demographic characteristics.
d. less likely to be in dual-earner relationships.
Q:
Most gay and lesbian couples are in dual-earner relationships and share
a. household tasks.
b. children.
c. similar demographic characteristics such as race, age, and education.
d. financial responsibility for the household.
Q:
Which of the following is not true regarding cohabiting?
a. People with higher education levels cohabit more.
b. Cohabitation is extremely common in the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden.
c. Having cohabitated does not seem to make marriages any better and, in fact, may do more harm than good.
d. Many countries extend the same rights to cohabiting couples as they do married couples.
Q:
_____________in the United States has increased tenfold over the past three decades.
a. Singlehood
b. Marriage
c. Cohabitation
d. Divorce
Q:
Muslim women who remain single in Malaysia speak in terms of_______, the soul mate one finds through fate at a time appointment by God.
a. cinta
b. jodoh
c. satu
d. kami
Q:
Nearly twice as many__________are single during young adulthood as European Americans, and more are choosing to remain so.
a. Latinos
b. African Americans
c. Asian Americans
d. Middle Easterners
Q:
A problem facing many people who never marry is that
a. there are numerous stereotypes and biases against single people in the United States.
b. they find it difficult to make friends.
c. people feel sorry for them.
d. research finds there are no disadvantages to remaining single.
Q:
______-tend to remain single longer in young adulthood and get married at later ages than____________.
a. Women; men
b. Men; women
c. Those with lower incomes; those with higher incomes
d. Those in Eastern societies; those in Western societies
Q:
The most common form of elder abuse is________.
a. physical
b. emotional
c. financial
d. neglect
Q:
Researchers estimate that one in four vulnerable older adults in the United States are at risk for some type of
a. abuse, neglect, or exploitation.
b. heart disease.
c. psychological disorder.
d. cancer.
Q:
Alice is a very frail 85-year-old woman who depends on her daughter entirely for her care. Her daughter is stressed by caregiving and sometimes lashes out at her mother. This is an example of which type of abuse?
a. emotional
b. neglect
c. self-neglect
d. this is not a type of abuse
Q:
Tonya is a frail 80-year-old woman who depends on her granddaughter for much of her care. Her granddaughter is responsible for taking care of Tonya's finances, but recently she has been keeping some of her grandmother's money to pay her own bills. This is an example of which type of abuse?
a. emotional
b. material or financial
c. self-neglect
d. this is not a type of abuse
Q:
Which of the following is a type of elder abuse categorized by the National Center on Elder Abuse?
a. physical
b. sexual
c. financial
d. all of these
Q:
In an abusive relationship, the degree of violence usually starts small and
a. remains at the same degree of violence.
b. will quit within several months.
c. gradually continues to escalate.
d. after that has no predictable pattern.
Q:
Men are victims of violence from intimate partners, but at a rate about_______that of women.
a. one-tenth
b. one-fifth
c. one-third
d. one-half
Q:
O"Leary suggests that there is a continuum of aggressive behaviors that progresses as follows:
a. verbal, physical, severe physical, murder.
b. emotional, verbal, physical, severe physical.
c. emotional, verbal, physical, murder.
d. verbal, physical, severe physical, separation.
Q:
When a woman believes she cannot leave an abusive situation, and may even go so far as to kill her abuser, she is said to suffer from
a. assortative woman syndrome.
b. battered woman syndrome.
c. crime of passion syndrome.
d. battered relationship syndrome.
Q:
Approximately 95% of marriages in India
a. end in divorce.
b. are arranged.
c. are between people who met at school.
d. are based on intimacy and commitment.
Q:
Across 48 different cultures, those that have good health care, education, and resources and allow young adults to select their own mates tend to
a. have more children per family.
b. have higher levels of passion in relationships.
c. develop more secure romantic attachments.
d. have lower rates of abusive relationships.
Q:
Surveys indicate that nearly______couples in the United States meet online.
a. one half
b. one in 5
c. one in 10
d. one in 20
Q:
Kalmijn and Flap (2001) examined data from 1,500 couples, and they found that meeting at school resulted in the highest rate of
a. passion.
b. homogamy.
c. divorce.
d. intimacy.
Q:
The theory of_______states that people find mates based upon their similarity to each other.
a. differential mating
b. homogamy effect
c. nonrandom mating
d. assortive mating
Q:
What are the developmental trends in Sternberg's three components of love relationships?
a. As the length of the relationship increases, intimacy and commitment decrease, but passion increases.
b. As the length of the relationship increases, passion and intimacy decrease, but commitment increases.
c. As the length of the relationship increases, commitment and passion decrease, but intimacy increases.
d. The trends vary by couple.
Q:
According to Sternberg, infatuation is characterized by high levels of
a. passion.
b. intimacy.
c. commitment.
d. all of the above.
Q:
Which of the following is not a component of love identified by Sternberg?
a. commitment
b. intimacy
c. passion
d. companionship
Q:
Some research shows that men tend to overperceive and women tend to underperceive their cross-sex friends'
_______________ in/for them.
a. intellectual interest
b. trust
c. sexual interest
d. level of affection
Q:
_____________tend(s) to help men have lower levels of dating anxiety and a higher capacity for intimacy.
a. Same-sex friendships
b. Cross-sex friendships
c. Having a close relationship with one's mother
d. Having sisters
Q:
Men tend to base their friendships on
a. intimate sharing.
b. emotional sharing.
c. shared activities.
d. personality matches.
Q:
Women tend to base their friendships on
a. social interactions.
b. emotional sharing.
c. shared activities.
d. personality matches.
Q:
Research indicates that in young adulthood________ is the primary goal of emotional selectivity and in older adulthood_______is the primary goal.
a. information seeking; self-concept
b. information seeking; emotional regulation
c. emotional regulation; information seeking
d. emotional regulation; self-concept
Q:
Socioemotional selectivity is a theory that argues that social contact is motivated by a variety of goals, including all of the following except
a. homogamy.
b. information seeking.
c. self-concept.
d. emotional regulation.
Q:
_______is a theory that argues that social contact is motivated by a variety of goals, including information seeking, self-concept, and emotional regulation.
a. Homogamy
b. Exchange theory
c. Socioemotional selectivity
d. Emotional cooperation
Q:
The friends people have the longest are
a. their siblings.
b. the ones they meet in childhood.
c. the ones they meet in college.
d. the ones who live the closest.
Q:
When Lucy's husband of 50 years died, she turned to her best friend, Glenda, for support. Which theme of adult friendships does this represent?
a. affective or emotional basis
b. communal or shared nature
c. sociability and compatibility dimension
d. bereavement support dimension
Q:
Kim and Denise like to take dance classes together. This reflects which theme of adult friendships?
a. affective or emotional basis
b. communal or shared basis
c. the sociability and compatibility dimension
d. the physical intimacy dimension
Q:
Older_______ have more numerous and more intimate friendships than do older________.
a. men; women
b. women; men
c. brothers; sisters
d. African and European Americans; Asian and Latino Americans
Q:
Neuroscience research finds that the parts of the brain that respond to_________operate differently depending upon whether one is alone or with a friend.
a. threat
b. challenge
c. excitement
d. pleasure
Q:
One crucial aspect of friendship in old age is that friends
a. help foster independence.
b. help transition after moving.
c. replace relationships with family.
d. are less fun than family.
Q:
College students who have-________adjust better to stressful life events.
a. strong friendship networks
b. parental support
c. the personality characteristics of openness and extraversion
d. close proximity to their parents
Q:
People tend to have the most friends and acquaintances during which time period?
a. adolescence
b. middle age
c. young adulthood
d. old age
Q:
Whether a friendship ultimately ends depends heavily on
a. the proximity of the individuals involved.
b. the availability of alternative relationships.
c. the level of conflict in the relationship.
d. whether it's a female-female, male-male, or cross-gender relationship.
Q:
In the ABCDE model of friendships, what does the C stand for?
a. continuity
b. communal nature
c. compatibility
d. continuation
Q:
The ABCDE model describes
a. the cycle of violence in abusive relationships.
b. the stages of friendship.
c. the stages of love relationships.
d. the process of transitioning to widowhood.
Q:
Researchers include all of the following as themes that characterize adult friendships except
a. support.
b. reciprocity.
c. choice.
d. physical intimacy.
Q:
What are the three goals of substance abuse treatment?
Q:
What is the prevalence of anxiety disorders? Why are they common in older people?
Q:
What is AIDS dementia complex?
Q:
What are the causes of delirium?
Q:
How do cognitive behavioral theories explain depression?
Q:
Describe the five major characteristics of depression.
Q:
What developmental factors must be considered in therapy?
Q:
What are the major assessment techniques?
Q:
What is multidimensional assessment?
Q:
Identify the six characteristics of mentally healthy people proposed by Birren and Renner.
Q:
One useful way to conceptualize family caregiving, such as caring for a relative with Alzheimer's, is by thinking of it as an __________________.
Q:
__________involves teaching persons with Alzheimer's disease to remember new information by gradually increasing the time between retrieval attempts.
Q:
________are those that involve only one gene from the father or mother in order to cause a trait or condition to develop.
Q:
The progression of Alzheimer's disease is usually faster when the onset is_________in life.
Q:
The neurotransmitter______, which regulates arousal and alertness, may be responsible for the feelings of fatigue associated with depression.
Q:
There is neuroscience evidence that changes in the________ may be responsible for the link between sleep disturbance and depression.
Q:
Rates for depression tend to be higher in_________ than for other groups of older ethnic adults.
Q:
In healthy people, the rate of severe depression_________from young adulthood to old age.
Q:
usually involves talking to a clinician or participating in a group.
Q:
Angela's memory is assessed by giving her a list of items to remember and then testing her retention. This method of assessment is called ________________________.