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Counseling
Q:
The following is true concerning rules in dysfunctional family systems:
A.The number of rules is small, and is applied consistently.
B.Rules are humanly possible to keep relevant and flexible.
C.Rules are rigid and serve the function of masking fears about differences.
D.The most important rules are ones that govern individuation and the sharing of information.
Q:
It is neither possible nor desirable for helpers to remain neutral or to keep their values separate from their professional relationships.
Q:
Seeking supervision is especially important in cases of value conflicts between a helper and a client.
Q:
Merely having a conflict of values does not necessarily imply the need for a referral.
Q:
All of the codes of ethics of the various mental health professions now have very specific guidelines that will enable helping professionals to deal with confidence with clients who are grappling with end-of-life decisions.
Q:
At times, it is useful for helpers to expose their values to clients.
Q:
The matter of parental consent in working with minors varies from state to state.
Q:
From a legal perspective, mental health professionals are expected to exercise "reasonable care," and if they fail to do so, clients can take legal action against them for negligence.
Q:
Holding a definite system of religious values is almost always a problem for counselors since they tend to want their clients to adopt their values.
Q:
If religion does not occupy a key place in a client's life, counselors can assume that personal spirituality is not a central force either.
Q:
Spirituality is being addressed more often now in both assessment and treatment.
Q:
It is useful for female clients to explore and evaluate cultural messages they received about gender-role expectations; however, it is less useful for male clients since it is unlikely that they were oppressed growing up on the basis of their gender.
Q:
Today the major American mental health professional associations, except for the American Psychological Association, have affirmed that homosexuality is not a mental illness.
Q:
No one is exempt from the influence of negative societal stereotyping, prejudice, and even hatefulness toward LGB people.
Q:
Counselors should not be too quick to refer their clients and should consider a referral only as the last resort.
Q:
Researchers have found evidence that clients tend to change in ways that are consistent with the values of their counselors, and clients often adopt the values of their counselors.
Q:
_____ would not look at the husband when talking about making decisions and look at the wife when talking about home matters and rearing children.
A.Nonsexist family therapists
B.Sex therapists
C.Sexist family therapists
D.Intelligent therapists
Q:
Justin and Nadia have been in couples counseling for over a year, yet never seem to carry out the homework assignments they are given. The counselor should
A.assume that hard work is not one of their values.
B.tell them that the counseling is going nowhere because they are not working hard enough and terminate counseling.
C.conclude that deep down they want their relationship to end and advise them accordingly.
D.none of the above.
Q:
There should be _____instances where you would have to tell clients that you could not work with them because you do not agree with their value system.
A.no
B.very few
C.some
D.many
Q:
Joe, age 13, has been acting out since his mother moved her boyfriend into the house a few months ago. Marge is angry with his reaction since she has been divorced for five years and thinks that she has a right to a life of her own. Joe has indicated that he feels misplaced by her boyfriend and wants to live with his father. Marge and Joe came to the counseling center to deal with her frustration and guilt regarding the situation. It would be best to start with the following:
A.Talk to the mother about her selfishness concerning meeting her own needs at the expense of her son's feelings.
B.Confront Joe about his acting-out behavior and ask what he might do to make the situation with his mother healthier.
C.Act as a mediator, giving each of them a chance to share their thoughts, and seeking empathy from both sides so a decision can be made for the benefit of all concerned.
D.Self-disclose an experience in which you had to make a decision that produced frustration and guilt.
E.Assure the mother that she has no need to feel guilty.
Q:
_____ dictate(s) that helpers seriously consider the impact of their values on their clients and the conflicts that might arise if values are sharply different.
A.Value differences
B.Ethical practice
C.Practical knowledge
D.Common sense
E.Legal practice
Q:
The Association for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Issues in Counseling (ALGBTIC) has developed a set of specific competencies. The main purpose of these competencies is
A.to help trainees examine their personal biases and values regarding lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals.
B.to persuade trainees to abandon their religious beliefs since most religions frown upon homosexuality.
C.To empower LGBT clients to become competent advocates for LGBT issues.
D.To train clinicians who identify themselves as LGBT to counsel heterosexual clients.
Q:
Which of the options below are unhealthy possible outcomes when therapists impose their own values?
A.triangulation
B.collusion
C.alignment
D.all of the above
E.a and b only
Q:
Stacey and Jim have been struggling as a couple ever since Stacey was promoted at work and given a substantial salary increase. They come to therapy with the goal of deciding whether to remain a couple or break up. As their couples therapist, it would be best if you
A.assist them in exploring and evaluating cultural messages they received about gender-role expectations.
B.facilitate their awareness in order to help them make self-directed choices.
C.use your expertise to offer them advice about the decision they should make.
D.all of the above
E.a and b only
Q:
Which of the following is not mentioned in the text as a guideline for dealing with end-of-life issues?
A.Assess your clients' capacity to make reasoned decisions about their health care.
B.Determine the degree to which clients' decisions are congruent with their cultural and spiritual values.
C.Avoid including clients' significant others in the counseling process to ensure that the client's decision is not influenced by them.
D.Keep risk-management-oriented notes.
Q:
Based on studies of attitudes toward suicide, the decision to end one's life is viewed as
A.a basic personal right
B.a sign of moral evil
C.a sign of societal pathology
D.all of the above
E.b and c only
Q:
What is the function of a counselor in cases pertaining to end-of-life decisions?
A.To convince terminally ill clients to not act on their wishes to end their lives prematurely
B.To maximize client self-determination
C.To remove the client's burden of having to make the end-of-life decision by making it for them after conducting a thorough assessment
D.To persuade clients to adopt a religious mindset before making any decisions
E.none of the above
Q:
In cases in which clients are considering abortion, counselors can be charged with negligence when they
A.do not act with skill and withhold relevant information or provide inaccurate information.
B.do not refer a client when they are not competent to work in this area.
C.make an inadequate referral.
D.all of the above
E.a and b only
Q:
Including questions in the assessment process pertaining to a client's spirituality and religion serves which of the following purposes:
A.obtaining a preliminary indication of the relevance of spirituality and religion for the client
B.gathering information that the helper might refer to at a later point in the helping process
C.indicating to the client that it is acceptable to talk about religious and spiritual concerns
D.all of the above
Q:
Michael is hesitant to seek counseling for his work-related problems because he believes that he should find the inner strength to resolve his issues due to his strong religious values. If he decides to see a counselor, it will be important for the counselor to
A.view his religious values as a potential resource in promoting his well-being.
B.challenge his belief that religion is a source of healing.
C.ignore the influence of religion in his life since Michael's issues have nothing to do with religion.
D.adopt Michael's religious values in order to work effectively with him.
Q:
Assuming that remaining married would be the best choice for a female client in an unsatisfying marriage is an example of
A.sound clinical judgment.
B.high moral standards.
C.bias.
D.irrational thinking.
Q:
Gender-role stereotypes
A.serve a purpose and are not easily modified.
B.typically do not serve a purpose and are easily modified.
C.should never be discussed in counseling.
D.are always unethical.
E.both c and d.
Q:
As a couple's therapist, it is unethical for the therapist to determine the goals of the individuals involved, with the exception of cases involving
A.infidelity and alcoholism.
B.abuse and danger.
C.older adults suffering from dementia.
D.clients who ask the therapist to determine the goals.
E.all of the above.
Q:
Rita, a private practitioner, often meets with couples who are dealing with the fallout of extramarital affairs. As an ethical practitioner, Rita should
A.be careful not to impose her values on her clients intentionally or unintentionally.
B.take the side of the person who seems most affected by the infidelity and refer the other person to a different therapist.
C.counsel the innocent party to leave his or her cheating spouse.
D.self-disclose about problems in her own personal relationships in order to make her clients feel more comfortable about sharing their painful issues.
Q:
Helpers who work with lesbian, gay, and bisexual clients
A.must become aware of their personal prejudices and biases regarding sexual orientation.
B.have an ethical obligation to not allow their personal values to intrude into their professional work.
C.need to understand the ways in which prejudice, discrimination, and multiple forms of oppression are manifested in society toward LGB people.
D.all of the above.
Q:
The helper's value system has a crucial influence on
A.the formulation and definition of the problems that helpers see in a family.
B.the goals and plans for therapy.
C.the direction the therapy takes.
D.all of the above.
Q:
Working with lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals often presents a challenge to helpers who hold_____ values.
A.ethical
B.conservative
C.liberal
D.democratic
E.none of the above
Q:
When you find yourself struggling with an ethical dilemma over value differences, the best course to follow is to
A.seek consultation.
B.trust your instincts.
C.refer your client to another counselor.
D.terminate your relationship with your client.
E.both c and d.
Q:
Before revealing your values to a client, you should ask yourself which of the following questions?
A.Why am I disclosing and discussing my values with my client?
B.How will disclosing my values benefit my client?
C.How vulnerable is my client to being unduly influenced by me?
D.Is my client too eager to embrace my value system?
E.All of the above
Q:
Lucinda is seeking help to determine whether she should remain in a stagnant relationship. Her counselor should
A.take an authoritative stance and tell her what to do.
B.help Lucinda examine her options carefully before making a decision.
C.reveal her own values about relationships with the hope of persuading Lucinda to adopt her values.
D.both a and c
Q:
Which of the following is not a value on which helping relationships are based?
A.Assuming responsibility for one's actions
B.Practicing self-control
C.Being committed to marriage, family, and other relationships
D.Practicing good habits of physical health inconsistently
E.None of the above
Q:
In today's world, it is increasingly important to become a generalist.
Q:
One guiding principle is to remain invested in the client's process rather than the outcome.
Q:
Counselors who work in an organization that has unfair practices should choose to either remain there and tolerate the conditions or find employment elsewhere. They should rarely, if ever, challenge the system.
Q:
Clinical and counseling psychologists often work in the same settings.
Q:
The rehabilitation counseling profession is founded on humanistic values.
Q:
Non-licensed human service workers cannot expect to get a position in a community agency until they obtain a master's or doctoral degree and become licensed.
Q:
Because interests tend to be unstable, interest measurement is not generally used in career planning.
Q:
33. NAADAC's mission is to lead, unify, and empower addiction-focused professionals to achieve excellence through education, advocacy, knowledge, standards of practice, ethics, professional development, and research.
Q:
32. It is important to realize that there is no "perfect profession" and that each profession has advantages and drawbacks.
Q:
Healers are rarely able to heal others out of their own experience with psychological struggle.
Q:
If helpers hope to function effectively in a professional role, it is essential that they learn and practice the art of self-care.
Q:
Making a career choice is best viewed as an ongoing process rather than an isolated event.
Q:
If students in the helping professions have self-doubts, they should see this as a sign that this is the wrong career for them to follow.
Q:
Helpers who have personal needs operating as a motivation for choosing the helping professions will most likely be ineffective in reaching clients.
Q:
The need to be needed is a fairly typical motivation for becoming a helper.
Q:
One of the typical motivations for individuals wanting to become helpers is the need for self-help.
Q:
Which professional organization is composed of members from diverse educational and professional backgrounds with the mission of fostering excellence in human service delivery through education, scholarship, and practice?
A.APA
B.ACA
C.NASW
D.NOHS
E.ASCA
Q:
Which of the following statements would leaders in the field of counseling be inclined to make to those entering the field?
A.Seek help when you need it, both personally and professionally.
B.Focus on your limitations.
C.Do not strive to integrate your personal and professional journeys.
D.Focus on short-term goals, but not on long-term goals since they will likely change.
E.a and d
Q:
Which of the following is not frequently identified as a specialty area or concentration offered in rehabilitation counselor training programs?
A.substance abuse counseling
B.clinical mental health counseling
C.couples counseling
D.deafness and hearing impairment
Q:
Rehabilitation counseling is a holistic and integrated program of _____interventions.
A.medical
B.physical
C.psychosocial
D.vocational
E.all of the above
Q:
Professionals who have experienced a wounded spirit need to
A.be medicated, as a rule.
B.be open to questioning their own spiritual health so they can assist their clients with their existential concerns.
C.change professions if they begin to experience countertransference.
D.receive psychological first aid.
Q:
At the undergraduate level, human-services programs would be most likely to train practitioners for:
A.independent private practice
B.working with couples and families
C.community-agency work
D.long-term psychotherapy
E.conducting psychological tests with highly disturbed individuals
Q:
Which of the following specializations is primarily concerned with relationship counseling?
A.clinical psychology
B.counseling psychology
C.couples and family counseling
D.rehabilitation counseling
Q:
From a multicultural perspective, school counselors have the challenge of
A.striving to lessen language barriers.
B.advocating for minority students.
C.ensuring that educational materials are relevant for students' culture.
D.establishing a comprehensive developmental counseling and guidance program.
E.all of the above
Q:
Which of the following is not listed as one of the typical needs of helpers?
A.the need to care for others
B.the need to be needed
C.the need to reciprocate
D.the need to eliminate stress from one's life
E.the need to make an impact
Q:
The temptation to give up a career in the helping field is often greatest when students
A.are faced with examining their values concerning helping others.
B.realize that they still have unresolved issues.
C.begin to examine their motivations for helping others.
D.first have to apply what they have learned in their courses to the real world.
Q:
When choosing a career path, one needs to consider his or her occupational:
A.attitudes.
B.interests.
C.abilities.
D.values.
E.all of the above
Q:
Wendy hopes to become a _____ counselor. The professional organization which she will join, ASCA, stands for
A.supervising; Association for Supervisors and Counselors in America.
B.supervising; American Supervisors and Counselors Association.
C.school; American School Counselors Association.
D.school; Association for School Counselors in America.
Q:
The MSW (Master in Social Work) degree
A.is focused on assessment, diagnosis, and treatment procedures for mildly to severely disturbed persons.
B.trains individuals to assist relatively healthy people in solving developmental problems and functioning more effectively.
C.gives tremendous career flexibility because of the range of practice, including administration, planning, and policy areas.
D.provides maximum options in regard to specialties.
Q:
The Coreys encourage trainees to view their professional life as a
A.developmental process.
B.cathartic experience.
C.time-limited professional journey.
D.means to fulfill all of their needs.
Q:
The following characteristic is not conducive to effective helping:
A.You realize that you are able to inspire clients to do in their lives what you are unable or unwilling to do in your own life.
B.You question life and engage in critical self-examination of your beliefs.
C.You are willing to draw on a number of resources to enable clients to move toward their goals.
D.Even though you struggle with your own problems, this struggle does not intrude on your helping of others.
Q:
The desire to emulate a role model sometimes plays a part in the decision to be a helper. The Coreys refer to this as the need to
A.reciprocate.
B.make an impact.
C.be needed.
D.provide answers.
Q:
Students often come to Brian asking advice about their relationships. He feels uneasy when he is not able to give concrete advice concerning their problem. His motivation to help others is based on the need to
A.return a favor.
B.care for others.
C.be needed.
D.provide answers.
Q:
Helen is seeking a specialization in the helping field that attends not only to the inner workings of a person but also to the understanding of the person in the environment. Helen should seek a degree in
A.psychiatric nursing.
B.clinical psychology.
C.social work.
D.counseling psychology.
E.marital and family counseling.
Q:
Jim is seeking a career in the helping professions with the hope that he will exert a significant influence on the lives of those seeking help. His motivation to help others is based on the need
A.for prestige and status.
B.to care for others.
C.to make an impact.
D.to provide answers.
E.to be needed.
Q:
A characteristic considered to be unproductive and ineffective for helping clients is to share persistent reactions to the client in an appropriate and timely manner.
A.know that for every question the client raises, a definite answer should be provided.
B.question life and engage in critical self-examination of one's beliefs and values.
C.be willing to draw on a number of resources to enable clients to move toward their goals.
D.realize that it takes hard work to bring about change and be willing to stick with clients as they go through this difficult process.
Q:
Identify 2-3 strategies for working with clients in nearly any crisis situation. Illustrate their importance.
Q:
A helper needs to be prepared cognitively and emotionally to see the variety of clients and situations that can take a toll personally and professionally on them. The authors list several factors that may influence one's crisis response. Describe 2-3 of these factors and explain how they may relate to you.
Q:
Sometimes our self-talk allows our emotion to gain control. Describe 2-3 elements this self-talk may involve.