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Counseling
Q:
Your role as helper is not to provide answers or to tell people what to do but to teach them how to examine options and apply problem-solving skills.
Q:
Some authors believe that group supervision can lead to greater accountability, improve outcomes, and be more cost-effective than individual supervision.
Q:
Group supervision is a time-efficient and unique format that assists trainees in developing skills in conceptualizing cases and in implementing a variety of treatment interventions.
Q:
Although informed consent is essential in counseling relationships, it is not ethically mandated in supervision.
Q:
The Coreys expect their supervisees to discover their own words and find their own voice as clinicians.
Q:
The Coreys place emphasis on direct teaching with supervisees by giving them information, rather than helping them learn how to conceptualize a case.
Q:
Trainees who are assertive with supervisors will typically alienate them to the extent that their supervision will suffer.
Q:
One way to learn is to be willing to make mistakes and to talk openly with supervisors about difficulties with clients.
Q:
Students can meaningfully participate in fieldwork placements without theory courses and basic helping skills.
Q:
As a way to keep current, it is essential to discover ways of extending one's education beyond graduation.
Q:
Knowledge alone is a sufficient dimension of becoming an effective helper.
Q:
Making mistakes
A.provides trainees with an opportunity for self-reflection, critical thinking, and, ultimately, learning and change.
B.is expected during a counselor trainee's coursework; however, once the trainee begins his or her internship and interacts with clients, mistakes are deemed unacceptable.
C.is never acceptable for those who wish to pursue a career in the helping professions.
D.often leads to unethical behaviors.
Q:
Lynn, a school counselor trainee mentioned to her supervisor that she has attended a number of Native American cultural events in the community since a number of the students she counsels are Native American. Lynn's supervisor should
A.commend her for taking the initiative to learn about Native American culture and make connections with potential resources in the community.
B.caution her to watch her boundaries and not become overly invested in the students' lives outside of the school setting.
C.assume she is over-identifying with her Native American students, and consequently paying less attention to her other students.
D.both b and c
Q:
Antonio is a client who suffers from bipolar disorder. He will be most effectively counseled by a clinician who
A.also has experienced bipolar disorder and understands the problem in a very personal way.
B.can empathize with him and understand his world.
C.has rarely experienced psychological pain.
D.both a and b.
E.both b and c.
Q:
Paula completed her internship at an agency serving clients suffering from brain injuries and realized that she did not have the temperament to work well with this population. One may conclude that
A.the internship was a complete waste of Paula's time.
B.the experience taught Paula a valuable lesson about her abilities and interests.
C.Paula won"t be able to work well with other client populations and should reconsider career options.
D.both a and c.
Q:
Most graduates of human services programs report wishing they had been able to
A.participate in even more fieldwork activities.
B.take more theory courses.
C.take more statistics courses.
D.extend the length of their training.
E.all of the above.
Q:
The Coreys recommend that trainees keep a journal during their field placements
A.in which they record observations, experiences, concerns, and personal reactions to their work.
B.primarily to document unethical or unprofessional behaviors of their supervisors.
C.solely to log their hours.
D.to jot down the advice that the other trainees give them.
Q:
As part of the self-study conducted by California State University, Fullerton, the participating community agencies anticipated which of the following trends in the future for the human services field?
A.Expansion in services for the upcoming senior population explosion
B.More community outreach to assist multiethnic communities with access to health care services
C.Family preservation and preventive programs
D.All of the above
E.Both a and b
Q:
Field supervisors are likely to expect trainees to possess which of the following skills and/or knowledge?
A.Ability to connect with others
B.Ability to be proactive rather than reactive
C.Ability to work with diverse cultures
D.All of the above
E.Both a and b
Q:
When the Coreys asked practitioners about the skills they most need in their present jobs, which skills were not mentioned?
A.Counseling skills
B.Supervisory skills
C.Consulting skills
D.The ability to write a proposal
E.None of the above
Q:
If you plan to be an administrator of a human services program, self-awareness skills will be
A.instrumental in helping you do your job well.
B.of little value professionally, although they will be useful in enhancing your personal life.
C.deemphasized in your training program.
D.both b and c.
Q:
When interviewing for a field placement, you should
A.avoid asking questions and allow the interviewer to do most of the talking.
B.assume an active role by asking questions about the placement and the training experience you can expect.
C.be careful to not appear overly enthusiastic and ask questions only if the interviewer invites you to do so.
D.nod affirmatively throughout the interview, so as to demonstrate your listening skills.
E.both a and d
Q:
Which of the following is a goal of fieldwork instruction programs?
A.To broaden students' sociocultural understanding of the individual, the family, the community, and relevant social systems
B.To help students extend self-awareness and achieve a sense of professional identity
C.To help students expand their awareness of professional role relationships within their organization as well as the agency's role in the community
D.All of the above
E.Both b and c
Q:
Supervisors play multiple roles in the supervision, which means
A.that the boundaries are not always clear.
B.that supervision and therapy ought to be combined in the supervisory process.
C.any mixing of roles by supervisors is highly unethical.
D.supervisors should not point out to a supervisee his or her blocks and countertransferences with clients.
Q:
All of the following are listed in the text as ways to profit from your supervision except for:
A.expressing your reactions
B.never saying I don"t know
C.learning from supervisors without copying them
D.focusing on client's dynamics and one's own dynamics as a counselor
Q:
If you have trouble with a supervisor, the answer to the problem generally lies in following which course of action?
A.Talking to your supervisor
B.Finding a new supervisor
C.Reporting the supervisor to his or her superior
D.Pretending that everything is fine
E.Blaming yourself for the source of the problem
Q:
Which of the following is not a characteristic of effective supervisors?
A.Professional supervisors have training in supervision.
B.Supervisors do not provide supervisees with immediate feedback.
C.Supervisors provide clear goals for supervision.
D.They are knowledgeable about ethical and legal matters.
E.They are themselves effective counselors.
Q:
Ann's field placement involves working with victims of domestic abuse. Formerly an abuse victim herself, Ann over-identifies with several clients and has told her field supervisor that she wants to help other victims as she had been helped. It would be best if Ann
A.changed her placement so she is not working with abuse victims.
B.asked her supervisor for therapy in order to overcome her difficulties working with domestic abuse clients.
C.recognized that she is not personally fit for the profession.
D.sought personal therapy along with supportive supervision.
Q:
The following is a good suggestion for getting the most value out of your field placement:
A.Expect the agency to give you responsibility for providing services to clients early in the placement.
B.Concentrate on the field placement tasks assigned, paying little attention to the administrative aspects of the program.
C.Look for ways to apply what you are learning (or have learned) in your academic courses to your experiences in the field.
D.Try to concentrate on those areas that you are most competent with instead of trying techniques that may not be familiar to you.
Q:
Angie feels uneasy because she is in a field placement in which she is being minimally supervised. Her first step in addressing this problem should be to
A.discuss the situation with her supervisor.
B.keep her feelings to herself and gain what she can by observing other professionals at the agency.
C.demand the supervision that was agreed upon when she contracted with the agency for field placement.
D.complain to administrators at her university program who are the ones responsible for contracting with the agency.
Q:
Ineffective counseling supervisors
A.are knowledgeable about ethical, legal, and regulatory aspects of the profession.
B.tend to define what is expected of the supervisee in generalities.
C.provide direct and immediate feedback closely tied to a supervisee's behavior.
D.state the purposes of the supervisory relationship and explain the procedures to be used.
Q:
If your goal is to maximize the profit you gain from field supervision, the following would be an ineffective strategy that would hinder you from attaining that goal:
A.Keep your limitations from your client.
B.Express your reactions in supervision meetings.
C.Be willing to learn from your supervisors, yet try different styles.
D.Focus on learning models of helping clients as well as understanding your dynamics of a helper and a person in relationship to your client.
Q:
Joe is an intern at an agency that serves chemically dependent adolescent clients. His supervisor believes that harsh confrontation is the best way to cut through their stubborn defenses. Uncomfortable using this counseling technique, it would be best if Joe would
A.find an agency that he is more comfortable working in.
B.be open to using confrontation as a counseling technique, while moderating the harshness of his supervisor.
C.ignore the supervisor's confrontational technique and use methods of counseling that are more familiar to him.
D.recognize that the supervisor will not be open to discussing the matter and see it as an attack on his style of counseling.
Q:
Sally has had little training in working with families, and she is asked to counsel a family. It would be best if she would
A.take the family on and learn from the experience.
B.ask the supervisor if she could observe and participate as a co-therapist with the family.
C.work with the children because they are less threatening.
D.refer the family out of the agency.
Q:
The following is a recommended suggestion for deriving the maximum benefit from fieldwork and supervision:
A.Limit yourself to one kind of population in order to gain expertise in that area.
B.Try to make the agency fit your needs and expectations.
C.Recognize that your training has totally prepared you for the fieldwork experience.
D.If you have a placement that you do not particularly like, write it off as a bad experience.
E.Make connections in the community. Learn how to use community resources and how to draw on support systems beyond the field placement site.
Q:
Rigid avoidance of all boundary crossings could result in a weakening of the therapeutic alliance.
Q:
Sexual misconduct is still one of the major causes for malpractice actions against mental health providers.
Q:
Most of the professional codes of ethics specifically address the topic of giving or receiving gifts in the therapeutic relationship.
Q:
A case could be made that bartering is below the minimum standard of practice.
Q:
Bartering is not prohibited by ethics or law.
Q:
Most of the professional codes prohibit the practice of bartering in a counseling relationship.
Q:
According to the codes of ethics of all helping professions, making friends with former clients is always considered unethical because of the power differential.
Q:
In the case of avoidable dual relationships, if the benefits outweigh the risks, the relationship may be justified.
Q:
If a dual relationship is unavoidable, it is a good idea for helpers to document and monitor their practices.
Q:
According to some writers, some dual relationships can alter the power differential between helpers and clients in a way that is healing to clients.
Q:
According to some writers, graduate education tends to escalate students' fears of licensing agencies and lawsuits.
Q:
Strictly avoiding dual relationships can lead to increased isolation.
Q:
Nonsexual dual relationships most often pave the way to exploitation or harm.
Q:
Dual or multiple relationships are not necessarily harmful, unethical, or unprofessional.
Q:
A boundary violation is a serious breach that causes harm to the client.
Q:
A boundary crossing is a departure from standard practice that could potentially benefit clients.
Q:
It is always desirable that helpers avoid engaging in dual or multiple relationships.
Q:
Helpers virtually always perform a singular role when working with clients.
Q:
Nonsexual dual or multiple relationships tend to be complex, and few of the questions surrounding them have simple and absolute answers.
Q:
The code of ethics of some professional organizations still do not explicitly prohibit sexual relationships between client and therapist.
Q:
Ethical codes are quite clear regarding how to address dual relationships, which means that dealing with dual relationships is a clear-cut matter.
Q:
A study showed that when deciding whether or not to accept gifts from clients, psychologists were more likely to accept gifts that were
A.inexpensive, culturally appropriate, and given as a sign of appreciation at the end of treatment.
B.inexpensive, but sentimental in value.
C.offered any time during the course of treatment as a token of gratitude as long as they were relatively inexpensive..
D.expensive and tasteful.
E.none of the above since they overwhelming agreed that accepting gifts of any value is unprofessional.
Q:
Discussing sexual feelings about clients
A.should never occur under any circumstances.
B.should occur only with one's religious or spiritual advisor.
C.should ideally occur during internships and peer supervision groups.
D.should occur only with the client.
Q:
The APA (2002) ethics code offers three helpful criteria in making decisions about multiple relationships. These include all except for
A.risk of exploitation.
B.loss of therapist objectivity.
C.assessment of benefit to the therapist.
D.harm to the professional relationship.
Q:
Martin has been Joanna's counselor for five years and has developed a strong attraction to her. He believes the attraction is mutual and decides to pursue a sexually intimate relationship with her. Martin is disregarding the fact that
A.all of the ethics codes of the professional organizations prohibit sexual relationships between client and therapist.
B.he could potentially be convicted of a felony.
C.his actions would likely result in exploiting and harming Joanna.
D.he could have his license revoked.
E.all of the above.
Q:
Home visits, and out of office visits fall into the category of
A.boundary crossings.
B.boundary violations.
C.boundary considerations.
D.none of the above.
Q:
Therapists who make home visits
A.are behaving unethically.
B.are behaving illegally.
C.both a and b.
D.none of the above.
Q:
With regard to nonsexual dual relationships, _____ of the codes state that they are
A.few; ethical
B.few; unethical
C.most; unethical and illegal
D.none; unethical
Q:
Codes of ethics deal _____with setting appropriate boundaries, recognizing potential conflicts of interest, and taking steps to manage multiple relationships.
A.specifically and extensively
B.minimally and ineffectively
C.increasingly, but insufficiently
D.unrealistically
Q:
Which of the following is not an example of a multiple relationship?
A.One's instructor for didactic courses also serves as his or her clinical supervisor.
B.A therapist who generally uses a nondirective approach experiments with using some directive techniques.
C.A therapist and client develop a sexual relationship.
D.A poor farmer who needs mental health services exchanges vegetables and fruit for counseling.
Q:
Dual/multiple relationships are generally discouraged because
A.these relationships are also illegal.
B.such relationships always impair professional judgment.
C.there is a danger of exploiting the client.
D.clients often misuse their power in the transference relationship.
E.these relationships always entail a conflict of interest.
Q:
When there is potential for negative consequences arising from a dual relationship, it is the responsibility of the professional to
A.secure the informed consent of clients and discuss with them both the potential risks and benefits of the relationship.
B.consult with other professionals.
C.seek supervision if the risk for harm is high.
D.document any dual relationships in clinical case notes.
E.all of the above
Q:
The practice of bartering psychotherapy for either goods or services
A.is considered unethical by virtually all the ethical codes.
B.has the potential for conflicts.
C.is generally an illegal practice.
D.is always an attempt of the therapist to control the client.
E.presents no problems if both the therapist and the client agree on bartering arrangements.
Q:
What is an accepted ethical guideline in terms of having social and personal relationships with clients?
A.Therapists are advised to avoid dual relationships with their clients.
B.Friendships with clients always have positive results in counseling.
C.Counseling a friend is beneficial to both people involved.
D.Any form of social relationships with clients always damages the therapeutic relationship.
E.These dual relationships are not only highly unprofessional and unethical, but also illegal in most states.
Q:
Lucia is considering developing a multiple or dual relationship with her client. It's important for Lucia to remember
A.that all multiple relationships should be avoided because they are usually harmful.
B.that absolute answers are available to resolve dual or multiple relationship dilemmas.
C.to be cautious in order to protect herself from censure.
D.to consider whether the potential benefits outweigh the potential for harm.
Q:
The following action would maximize the risks inherent in dual or multiple relationships:
A.Set healthy boundaries from the outset.
B.Secure informed consent of clients and discuss with them both the potential risks and benefits of dual relationships.
C.Document any dual relationships in clinical case notes.
D.Become romantically involved with the client.
Q:
Departures from commonly accepted practices that could potentially benefit clients are referred to as
A.unethical boundaries.
B.boundary crossings.
C.boundary violations.
D.interpersonal boundaries.
Q:
The following is true concerning dual relationships:
A.There is a clear consensus among practitioners regarding nonsexual relationships in counseling.
B.Due to the fact that there are clinical, ethical, and legal risks, all blending of roles must be avoided.
C.Objectivity in counseling is enhanced with dual relationships.
D.Counselors need to make every effort to avoid dual relationships with clients that could impart professional judgment or increase the risk of harm to clients.
Q:
Jenny's adolescent cousin recently got into trouble with the law. Jenny was asked by her family to counsel him since she knows the family history from a personal point of view. If Jenny did counsel her cousin, she would
A.be in a dual relationship.
B.be in an unavoidable situation.
C.have to seek supervision.
D.document all services provided.
Q:
The following is not true concerning dual relationships:
A.Dual relationships are avoidable and always harmful.
B.Dual relationships challenge helpers to examine the motivations for their practice.
C.Few absolute answers can be applied in the resolutions of dual relationship dilemmas.
D.Before becoming involved in a dual relationship, it is good practice to seek consultation from colleagues or a supervisor.
Q:
Following the minimal legal requirements is sufficient to demonstrate that one is practicing good risk management.
Q:
Your client's clinical record should never be altered after you have documented information into the record.
Q:
The HIPAA privacy rule applies to both paper and electronic transmissions of protected health information by covered entities.
Q:
Asking clients to sign a form at the initial session does not discharge your duty toward informed consent.
Q:
As a general rule, practitioners are held legally liable for their failure to predict violent behavior of a client.