Q&A Hero

Q: Which of the following statements is true about the relationship between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and SUDs?a. People with BPD tend to use drugs or alcohol to intensify their emotions. b. Substance abuse treatment for people with BPD is quite straightforward.c. It is estimated that around 30-50 percent of people with a SUD will also have BPD.d. Relaxation training seems to be the most effective form of treatment for individuals with BPD and SUD.

Q: Which of the following statements is NOT true about the treatment of bipolar disorder and SUDs?a. Manic symptoms can be easily mistaken as "progress" by rehabilitation staff, leading to increased rate of premature release from treatment.b. It is hypothesized that bipolar patients might use CNS stimulants to simulate the manic phase of their disorder. c. The alcohol dependent patient with bipolar disorder is more likely to use alcohol during the manic phase of the disorder.d. Symptoms of bipolar disorder can be exacerbated by the abuse of many compounds.

Q: It is estimated that up to _______of people with OCD have a concurrent SUD. a. 7 percentb. 15 percent c. 27 percent d. 36 percent

Q: According to your text, which of the following mental illnesses seems to have the highest lifetime prevalence rate with SUDs?a. Bipolar affective disorder b. Schizophreniac. Post traumatic stress disorder d. Anti-social personality disorder

Q: It is believed that ______ of people with MI/CD received treatment for both disorders in the past year. a. 2 percentb. 5 percent c. 8 percent d. 11 percent

Q: Which of the following serves as a powerful "relapse trigger" for dual diagnosis clients trying to quit abusing substances?a. Untreated psychiatric symptoms b. Going to jailc. Being with friendsd. Walking by familiar drinking establishments or places where they formerly used substances

Q: Which of the following statements is NOT true about dual diagnosis clients?a. They have higher rates of suicide.b. They tend to have stronger support networks. c. They have increased risk of being homeless.d. They are less able to handle personal finances.

Q: What is described as being essential if a clinician is to get an accurate dual diagnosis assessment? a. Thorough clinical history b. Performing the "CAGE" assessment c. Detoxification medication d. Significant levels of shame in the patient

Q: Which of the following models of dual diagnosis conditions seems to be supported by the most evidence?a. Self-medication modelb. Causal relationship model c. Super-sensitivity modeld. Substance abuse as secondary model

Q: In spite of protests to the contrary, it has never been proven that growing up in a home where there is parental alcoholism is sufficient to cause psychosocial problems for a child. a. True b. False

Q: A child raised in a home with an SUD may be protected from the full impact of the SUD if there are healthy parental alternatives in the child's life.a. Trueb. False

Q: Emotional withdrawal, a tactic commonly used by spouses of people with SUDs, is reported to be an effective way for them to control their partner's substance abuse. a. True b. False

Q: For a child, one of the main developmental goals is to emotionally separate from one's parents. a. True b. False

Q: Discuss some of the criticism of the adult children of alcoholics (ACOA) movement.

Q: Discuss the philosophy and development of the adult children of alcoholics (ACOA) movement.

Q: Use the family systems perspective to discuss how the state of the family, whether healthy or dysfunctional, may affect the process of differentiation in a child.

Q: Discuss the therapeutic interventions available to family members of a person with a SUD.

Q: Discuss the three "parental rules" used to maintain a since of pseudostability.

Q: Proponents of the "adult children" movement suggest that_____of the adults in this country were raised in "dysfunctional" homes, without _____.a. 80 percent; listing the relative impact of each form of trauma b. 99 percent; an explanation of the foundation for this claimc. 96 percent; an explanation of this claim's basisd. 79 percent; telling us how to deal with this problem

Q: It has been suggested that the "adult children" movement a. allows the "baby boomer" generation to bask in the glory of being a victim of selfidentified trauma. b. encourages the victims of dysfunctional homes to seek professional assistance. c. takes into account the fact that thousands of generations of children have been raised in dysfunctional homes, and identifies how each generation suffered. d. will continue to meet needs of those who suffered in childhood from being raised in an unhealthy home well into the 21st century.

Q: The damage model holds each of the following assumptions EXCEPTa. dysfunctional homes automatically result in childhood trauma. b. there are certain characteristics of healthy homes.c. the child is permanently scarred for life because of trauma in childhood. d. resilience never is the result of childhood trauma.

Q: It has been theorized that the effectiveness of the "adult children of alcoholics" group is due to thea. size of the group, since larger groups provide more people to share feedback with the afflicted group members.b. application of techniques once relegated to the "pop" psychology realm.c. willingness of the group members to accept insights offered to them by others in the group. d. placebo effect.

Q: It is thought that, at one point in the last quarter-century, ____of the adults in this country were involved in a self-help group.a. 10 percent b. 19 percent c. 40 percentd. 30 percent

Q: The "adult children of alcoholics" parent model postulates thata. it is the only accurate formulation of how parental alcoholism affects the child's growth.b. the dysfunctional family member frequently attend sessions to learn how others have suffered from their parents' alcoholism, thus allowing them to learn by example.c. many children learn to cope by becoming "overly" responsible.d. politicians need to better understand the overlooked problem of parental alcoholism.

Q: Coping skills training a. aids in the process of confronting the dysfunctional person. b. helps interpret the meaning of the dysfunctional person's behavior to the family. c. helps family members learn how to cope with the dysfunctional person and his or her behavior. d. encourages the formation of alternative addictions that are less destructive to the family, providing a means for family members to cope with stress.

Q: One often overlooked factor that helps to explain the impact of parental substance abuse or addiction on a given child is thea. sex of the dysfunctional parent.b. level of achievement of the dysfunctional child. c. availability of pets.d. child's educational achievements.

Q: Extremes of either abuse or parental neglect might predispose the child to all of the following later in life EXCEPTa. depression.b. anxiety states.c. improved self-concept. d. suicidal gestures.

Q: Children who break the "no talk" rule, even decades after they leave the home a. can be emotionally "expelled" from the family. b. are re-initiated into the position they used to hold in the family, even if it is to the exclusion of their own parental roles and duties. c. become objects of ridicule within the extended family. d. are encouraged to do so by other, emotionally weaker family members.

Q: In support of the pseudo-stability found in homes where one parent has a substance use disorder a. important roles within the family are strongly adhered to.b. the excitement of never knowing how the addicted person will behave becomes a source of entertainment for the family members.c. parental roles are often left unfulfilled, unless others assume those tasks.d. both parents must still assume responsibility for providing for the safety of their children.

Q: During courtship and the first year of marriagea. many alcoholics strive to limit or hide their drinking disorder.b. the non-alcoholic spouse is too enamored to notice the warning signs of an impending alcohol use disorder. c. the non-alcoholic spouse is so focused on building a good home that he or she does not notice the other person's alcohol use pattern has increased to dangerous or unhealthy levels.d. the non-alcoholic spouse is so focused on finding a job that will accommodate his or her new lifestyle that he or she overlooks the warning signs of an alcohol use disorder.

Q: The role a person's substance use plays in his or her choice of marital partners isa. exaggerated by most textbooks. b. considerable.c. counteracted by the influence of each spouse's extended family.d. normally not a factor in spouse selection.

Q: According to your text, the lowest level of intimacy between partners is when a. only one partner has an active alcohol use disorder.b. both partners have similar levels of alcohol abuse. c. there are children younger than 5 in the home.d. the marital partners have different shifts to work.

Q: Because substance use disorders alternate between periods of active use and abstinence, it has been suggested that the number of children who are growing up in a home where one or both parents have a substance use disorder in the U.S. is arounda. 14 million. b. 30 million. c. 19 million. d. 25 million.

Q: It has been estimated that ____children in the U.S. live in a home where at least one parent has an active substance use disorder.a. 7 millionb. 10.3 million c. 9.6 million d. 11.8 million

Q: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of adult children of alcoholics purported by the ACOA movement?a. Adult children are loyal to no one.b. Adult children judge themselves harshly. c. Adult children have trouble having fun.d. Adult children tend to "selfsabotage."

Q: What term is used to describe the notion that most people are incapable of coping with difficult life issues without the help of a professional?a. Freudismb. Differentiation c. Therapismd. Cognitivism

Q: Which of the following interventions helps family members learn to deal effectively with an addicted family member?a. Rational relationship training b. Tough love trainingc. Cognitive behavioral training d. Coping skills training

Q: Which of the following is described as a "weapon" commonly used in families with SUDs as a way to try to control other members?a. Guiltb. Differentiation c. Conditional loved. All of these answers

Q: Which of the following is NOT one of the "rules" commonly enforced in families with SUDs? a. Don"t trust anybody. b. Don"t have feelings about the problem. c. Don"t feel responsible for the abuser. d. Don"t talk about the problem.

Q: What is the term used to describe the level of emotional growth or maturity achieved by an individual?a. Codependency b. Differentiation c. Parentification d. Stabilization

Q: Which of the following is NOT one of the shifts in relationship patterns following marriage as described in your text?a. Alcohol abusers tend to drink less after marriage.b. Husbands tend to discontinue time spent with friends whose alcohol use does not correspond with their own. c. Husbands tend to spend more time with their partners.d. Most people with AUD find that their mates have similar alcohol use patterns as their own.

Q: The construct of "codependency" is controversial. What are some of the criticisms?

Q: Describe some of the various coping styles demonstrated by codependent persons.

Q: Describe the cycle of codependency.

Q: Discuss the "rules" of codependency and how they may reflect the dynamics within a dysfunctional family.

Q: Define the term "enabling." What are some of the theoretical explanations for it?

Q: Another reason mental health professionals are uncomfortable with the concept of codependency is that it a. disempowers the individual.b. causes stigma for the spouse and community.c. overlooks the sacrifices that the "codependent" spouse has made over the years.d. places focus on the dysfunctional spouse and not the non-dysfunctional spouse.

Q: One of the reasons why the concept of codependency has been challenged is because it a. fails to excuse the individual for his or her behavior.b. turns the focus of blame to the family.c. it incorporates the concept of resiliency into the treatment format.d. it overlooks how the dysfunctional individual's upbringing contributed to his or her substance use.

Q: The concept of codependencya. forces offenders to take full responsibility for their behavior.b. is based on the theories of personality put forward by Alfred Adler.c. is an outgrowth of the concept of the co-alcoholic popular in the 1950s. d. is based on the personality theory of Otto Rank, presented in the 1930s.

Q: One criticism of the concept of codependency is that it rests upon a. the unproven "family disease model" used in family therapy.b. behavior modification approaches used to shape successive approximations to healthy behavior in marital counseling.c. an unproven theory that codependents have a genetic predisposition towards such relationships.d. the theory that the codependent is unconsciously angry at their partner, and want them to suffer for as long as possible. This is the motivation for their overly protective behaviors.

Q: One of the challenges to the concept of codependency is that it a. frees family members from responsibility for their behavior.b. makes family members "addicted by association" with an addicted person.c. makes the dysfunctional person fully responsible for their behavior. d. is an either/or condition.

Q: Which of the following is NOT true of codependent persons?a. They believe they are not as good as others.b. They must accept responsibility for problems well beyond their control. c. Codependent persons are born that way.d. Codependent people have learned to be codependent.

Q: Communication in codependent relationships isa. limited to "safe" topics that will not trigger conflict.b. expansive and addresses virtually every topic imaginable.c. difficult to understand because of the different maturity levels of the various persons involved. d. focused on individuation.

Q: Codependent persons are often taughta. it is permitted to express my anger towards the dysfunctional person's behavior.b. it is not permitted for me to have problems of my own. c. I am always capable of dealing with an emergency.d. it is possible to negotiate boundaries as I grow older and mature emotionally.

Q: By learning how to "let go" of their attempts to control a dysfunctional person's behavior, the codependent person is expressinga. contempt for that person.b. anger towards that person.c. detachment from that person.d. over-involvement with the dysfunctional person.

Q: Essentially, codependency might be viewed asa. an extreme form of a normal relationship pattern.b. an independent pattern of relating that exists outside of normal relationships.c. a way for all involved to focus their attention on matters outside of the family. d. an excuse for one person to remain in a dysfunctional relationship.

Q: Codependency and enablinga. have continued to be popular topics for researchers. b. have all but faded into obscurity.c. are as well accepted as real phenomenon as coronary artery disease. d. have never been called addictive behaviors.

Q: A point of confusion for mental health professionals is that a. the behaviors of codependency overlap with those of love relationships. b. there is a danger that the codependent person will begin to accept delusions that the dysfunctional person has as being real. c. there are distinct boundaries between normal behavior and codependency, but since the concept is still evolving we do not know what they are yet. d. it is easier for the codependent to simply shut down emotionally until they are able to escape from the dysfunctional relationship.

Q: Which of the following is NOT seen in codependency?a. Measuring self-worth on the basis of how another person behaves b. Leaving/ending the dysfunctional relationshipc. Making personal sacrifices to protect the dysfunctional person from the consequences of his or her behavior d. Attempting to avoid confronting the reality of another person's addiction

Q: Codependency is characterized by a. preoccupation with "escape" behaviors to avoid blame for another person's SUD. b. a consensus about how to spell the word by mental health professionals. c. preoccupation with another person's behavior, and attempting to control that person's substance use. d. insensitivity to another person's behavior.

Q: Codependencya. is more commonly encountered in homes with an alcohol use disorder rather than a drug use disorder. b. is more commonly encountered in homes with younger adults, such as those recently married.c. is a construct.d. will be an accepted diagnostic category in the next edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

Q: One motivating factor for familial denial is toa. avoid financial responsibility for the dysfunctional person's behaviors.b. escape the social consequences inherent in personal dysfunction. c. escape the social blame for the addicted person's behaviors.d. allow affected family members a measure of revenge for the behavior of the addicted person.

Q: According to your text, to "enable" another person is to a. provide financial support to help tide him or her over in rough times, money that is in turn used to buy alcohol or drugs. b. knowingly behave in a manner that supports another person's alcohol or drug use disorder. c. forcefully confront the person's substance use behaviors so he or she will seek professional help. d. allow him or her to suffer the natural consequences for their behavior.

Q: According to your text, "codependency" and "enabling" area. constructs to help the professional categorize behavior more effectively. b. frighteningly real concepts that ruin people's lives.c. only seen in dysfunctional homes.d. less common now than in the 1980s.

Q: Critics of the concept of codependency argue that viewing codependency as a ____absolves the individual from any personal responsibility.a. constructb. model for healthy relationships c. diseased. model for entire communities

Q: One potential benefit of being raised in a dysfunctional home the author states the proponents of the codependency construct seem to overlook is the development ofa. resilience. b. boundaries. c. self-control.d. conflict resolution skills.

Q: Janis has been married to Paul, an alcoholic, for 34 years. Her role in her circle of friends is to help other wives of alcoholics, giving them empathy and support, while also telling regular stories of what Paul did that week due to his alcoholism and how she dealt with it. Her friends frequently tell her what a good, devoted wife she is. Janis is most likely utilizing which of the following coping styles described in your text?a. Caretakerb. Apathetic partner c. Martyrd. Approval seeker

Q: According to Freud's "repetition compulsion," once the addict stops his/her dysfunctional behaviors, the codependent willa. be cured.b. begin to set appropriate boundaries.c. give up control of the exaddict's behaviors.d. attempt to find someone else who is dysfunctional.

Q: One of the important cornerstones of recovering from codependency is a. gaining control over the addict's behavior.b. detachment from the addict's dysfunctional behavior.c. protecting the addict from the consequences of his/her behavior. d. all of these answers.

Q: A codependent's difficulty maintaining appropriate boundaries for him/herself is often described asa. enmeshment. b. fusion.c. overt protection. d. denial.

Q: It is important to only use the term "codependency" when referring to family members. a. True b. False

Q: Enabling behaviors might be motivated by which of the following factors? a. Pathological interdependency b. Social pressure to be a "good" spouse c. Desire to support and protect one's partner d. All of these answers

Q: Tobacco use ratesa. are similar regardless of education level. b. actually trend up with higher education.c. go down with undergrad education but trend back up with attending graduate school.d. continue to decline with more education.

Q: One of the indirect dangers from consuming energy drinks is that those who do are ____ more likely to plan to drive home after drinking. a. 300 percentb. 400 percent c. 50 percent d. 100 percent

Q: The rate of college enrollment has grown over the years. In 2008, _____of people between the ages of 18 and 19 entered college.a. 49 percent b. 75 percent c. 25 percent d. 33 percent

Q: As a group, college students tend to _______ their peer's drinking.a. underestimate b. overestimatec. accurately assess d. be impressed by

Q: It has been estimated that _________students per year are the victim of "date rape" while in college.a. 50,000 b. 60,000 c. 90,000 d. 70,000

Q: Students who utilize performance-enhancing compounds tend to a. engage in other forms of substance use as well.b. be more likely to excel in their studies.c. have troubled interpersonal relationships. d. be better athletes.

Q: Research has found that _______ of college students abuse an illicit drug during the academic year. a. 7.1 percentb. 8.2 percent c. 20.2 percent d. 29.1 percent

Q: It has been found that _______ of fraternity members binge drink. a. 75 percentb. 86 percent c. 90 percent d. 68 percent