Q&A Hero

Q: What percent of opioiddependent persons who simply went through a "detox" program were still chemicalfree six months later? a. 10 percent b. 90 percent c. 50 percent d. 28 percent

Q: Clinical research has demonstrated that a. one year after assessment, 50 percent of those assessed as having an SUD did not demonstrate even one symptom of the disorder. b. those admitted to treatment appear to be more likely to achieve abstinence than those who do not seek admission. c. the best treatment controls every aspect of clients' lives until they are able to deal with the problems they will encounter in that area of their lives. d. rehabilitation programs play a stronger role in the client's life than social forces.

Q: The steps identified in stage models of recovery from SUDs a. are rigid and sequential; you have to do each step in turn.b. are based on the "average" pattern of client progress, based upon observations of many clients.c. create confusion in the profession over which stage model is truly the appropriate model.d. are age-dependent, with older clients moving more rapidly to more advanced stages than younger persons.

Q: The person going through the process of recovering from a substance use disorder either in the Prochaska or the Nowinski model is thought toa. encourage him/herself to learn how to enter environments in which chemical abuse previously occurred. b. demonstrate maladaptive thoughts into the latter parts of the first phase.c. demonstrate individual variations in progress.d. experience less and less resistance as he or she reaches the latter stages of recovery.

Q: Nowinski's model suggests that the first step in recovery is thea. acceptance phase. b. declarative phase.c. decision to work towards natural recovery. d. surrender phase.

Q: A person in recovery is especially vulnerable to what categories of "cues" to continued substance use?a. Internal and externalb. Internalized conflict over past abuse situations c. Home conflicts or work conflictsd. Concurrent medical cues

Q: Research suggests that only ______of clients reach the maintenance phase of recovery. a. 30 percentb. 15 percent c. 5 percent d. 20 percent

Q: During the action phase of the Prochaska model, the therapist's goals are to do all of the following EXCEPTa. plan for concrete steps that are then taken to modify behavior. b. be alert for signs of problems.c. assist the client to address issues that contribute to or exacerbate the SUD. d. assist in individual growth.

Q: The treatment approach in which a client is awarded points for continued abstinence (or loss of points for proven substance use), which they can later trade in for items is thea. motivational contingency approach. b. vertical achievement approach.c. voucher system.d. anticipatory contingency approach.

Q: One of the goals of cognitive-behavioral approaches to substance use disorders is toa. help the client identify and correct unhealthy thought patterns that support continued use of chemicals. b. confront areas of conflict long buried by the superego.c. look at the client's disruptive behaviors, what motivated them and the unconscious conflict that these issues have caused over the years.d. focus on ego states that cause such emotional stress for the person.

Q: The person who enters a substance abuse rehabilitation program tends to a. be more impaired than those who can abstain without formal treatment.b. have a great number of family members who have similar substance use problems. c. want to avoid legal consequences for his or her behavior.d. do so because of the financial cost of continued substance use.

Q: Perhaps the best way to view substance abuse rehabilitation work is as a form of a. crisis management.b. disease management. c. disaster intervention.d. collaborative medicine.

Q: A major problem that can contribute to relapse of alcohol and other drug use is a. the illusion of control.b. not knowing how to use in moderation. c. not knowing where to go to detox.d. not knowing when the maintenance stage has turned into termination.

Q: Of the following individuals with a SUD, who is the LEAST likely to accept abstinence as a goal?a. Raul, who is 41 b. Aisha, who is 27 c. Hank, who is 23d. Yung-Sun, who is 54

Q: Which of the following seems to be foundational in the client's ability to recover? a. The severity of the SUD b. The client's interpersonal relationships c. The client's expectations and selfevaluation d. All of these answers

Q: According to Heyman, the individuals who enter SUD rehabilitation may be the ________to recover. a. least ableb. most ablec. ones with the most motivation d. ones with the least motivation

Q: Jose, a substance abuse counselor, is working with Melynda, who has an SUD. They are currently coming up with a continuing plan to support Melynda's desire to work towards recovery. She is currently attending weekly group therapy, going to three AA meetings per week, as well as meeting with Jose every week. She is proud that she has been sober for two weeks. Melynda is most likely in which stage of change, according to Prochaska's model?a. Pre-contemplation b. Maintenancec. Actiond. Contemplation

Q: Suma is working with a client, Jin, who is questioning whether he wants to work on stopping his SUD. Suma and Jin are weighing the pros and cons of Jin's SUD. Jin is most likely in what stage of change, according to Prochaska's model?a. Pre-contemplation b. Maintenancec. Actiond. Contemplation

Q: Rosalita is currently participating in group therapy to stop using cocaine. She is also doing marital counseling with her husband so he can support her overcoming her addiction. Which stage of treatment is Rosalita most likely in, according to McLellan's tripartite model of treatment?a. Detox/stabilization b. Rehabilitationc. Continuing care d. Termination

Q: Which of the following approaches has been found to enhance abstinence in the early stages of recovery?a. Motivational Interviewingb. Voucher-based reinforcementc. Cognitive-behavioral approaches d. Psychodynamic approaches

Q: According to Motivational Interviewing, when a client presents with resistance, it is viewed as a. a form of denial that needs to be broken down.b. an important element of the change process.c. a sign that client is not appropriate for treatment.d. a mismatch between where the client is at and the treatment approach.

Q: The process of recovery from a SUD seems to parallel the process of a. harm reduction.b. surgically removing a tumor.c. disease management for chronic medical conditions. d. recovering from a broken arm.

Q: It is preferred that clinicians who are working in the substance abuse treatment field are also currently dealing with their own substance use/abuse issues. a. True b. False

Q: The HARM reduction (HR) model takes a very different approach to most way of treating substance abuse. Provide some examples and explain how it treats such issues.

Q: Describe the cognitivebehavioral therapy approach to treating substance abuse.

Q: Discuss the development of the Minnesota model of substance abuse treatment and its basic methodology.

Q: Describe some of the characteristics shared by many substance abuse rehabilitation professionals.

Q: Discuss some of the many misperceptions about substance abuse treatment and what may contribute to it being effective.

Q: Which of the following is NOT a form of harm reduction?a. Needle exchange programsb. Nicotine replacement treatments c. Suspension of driving privileges d. Methadone programs

Q: Group therapy formats in substance abuse rehabilitation programs have been a. proven to be the least effective component of treatment.b. complicated by the lack of research into the effectiveness of various forms of "group therapy."c. proven to be more effective with women than with men.d. proven useful because clients are more likely resist feedback from peers than staff.

Q: The individual therapy approach a. involves the use of psychoanalytic approaches exclusively. b. involves the use of various schools of therapy, depending on the individual's needs. c. has been proven to be more effective with women than with men. d. has been proven useful because the client tends to accept feedback from the therapist more easily than peer feedback.

Q: Acupuncture has been _________in the treatment of substance use disorders. a. firmly established as necessaryb. proven to be about as effective as placeboc. proven to reduce cravings for alcohol or illicit drugs d. found to be harmful

Q: The majority of persons who go through a "detox" sequencea. will not have substance use problems in the future.b. are no longer in danger from long-term medical complications from their substance use. c. will usually return to substance abuse without further treatment.d. believe that it can be considered a form of treatment in its own right.

Q: The Minnesota model has beena. widely accepted and studied as a proven method to treat addicted persons. b. unable to generate evidence of its effectiveness.c. able to support what were previously just "therapeutic myths."d. able to support the long-held belief that 28 days is a therapeutic threshold beyond which change is inevitable.

Q: There is little evidence suggesting thata. formats other than the Minnesota model are at all effective. b. the Minnesota model can be applied to illicit drug abuse.c. it is necessary to include a 12-step group as part of the treatment process. d. 28 days is long enough to make meaningful change in personality.

Q: Treatment goals are to bea. focused exclusively on individuals' expectations and hopes.b. imposed on the individual by treatment staff, who are after all those trained in various professions. c. stated in measurable terms.d. stated in terms vague enough so the client cannot help but accomplish them.

Q: The strength of the Minnesota model was that it a. mandated 28 days in the rehabilitation setting.b. drew on the training and skills of a range of specialists. c. isolated the client from outside influences of all kinds.d. was found to work with the "worst of the worst" (chronic drinkers).

Q: Which of the following is NOT a part of recovery programs according to George Vaillant? a. Increased spirituality b. Compulsory supervision c. Pharmacotherapy (treatment of a specified disorder with medications) d. New love relationships

Q: The therapist should serve as a a. guide and confidant.b. neutral mirror against which the "self" can be projected.c. example because the therapist has "been there" by being in recovery themselves.d. drill-instructor-like person helping the client towards recovery.

Q: The substance abuse rehabilitation counselor must be adept in a. guiding clients toward recovery.b. ordering clients toward recovery.c. slowing clients in their journies toward recovery.d. focusing only on the addiction and letting other components of the person's life sort themselves out.

Q: Confrontation, with empathy, is a ________in substance abuse rehabilitation. a. irrelevant componentb. intrusive elementc. appropriate component when used properly d. confusing intrusive complication

Q: It has been suggested that individuals who learn to abstain from alcohola. benefit most when they avoid involvement with community-based support groups. b. seem to do so in spite of treatment, not because of it.c. identify the treatment program as the most significant component of their recovery.d. are often unimpressed with ancillary services but benefit most from psychoeducational components such as lectures.

Q: Although treatment centers for substance use disorders abound in the United States a. many of the least effective techniques are used in these centers.b. the profit margin is very large, which makes such treatment centers a very good investment on the part of the owners.c. there are not sufficient assessors to assess all substance abusers and make appropriate referrals.d. they tend to cater to those who abuse illicit drugs more than they do those with alcohol use disorders.

Q: Which part of the treatment plan includes a description of the steps needed for the client to accomplish in order for treatment to be completed successfully?a. Treatment goalb. Treatment methodology c. Aftercared. Discharge summary

Q: Desmond is participating in a street outreach needle exchange program. He is attempting to only use clean needles when injecting heroin until he gets to a place in his life when he feels ready to try to quit. Desmond appears to be involved in which of the following types of treatment?a. Hypnosisb. Minnesota model c. Harm reductiond. Self-confrontation

Q: Which of the following is the most common treatment modality used to create psychosocial change for an individual with a SUD/AUD?a. Group therapyb. Individual therapy c. Acupunctured. Biofeedback training

Q: Which type of family/marital therapy is most common in the field of substance abuse treatment?a. Behavioralb. Family disease model c. Structurald. Family systems

Q: Which of the following is true about detoxification?a. It is sufficient treatment for a SUD/AUD.b. The majority of alcohol-dependent patients require hospitalization for detox. c. Outpatient detox is more typical than inpatient for opiate-dependent patients. d. Further treatment for the SUD/AUD is usually necessary.

Q: According to your text, the Minnesota model a. is practically extinct.b. centers around religion.c. makes up the majority of treatment programs.d. is empirically shown to be effective with drug abusers.

Q: The Minnesota model relies heavily on a. religious guidance.b. scientific data of best practices. c. the AA model.d. court-ordered patients.

Q: The most important element to the healing process from SUDs is a. the treatment model used.b. the therapeutic relationship. c. time spent in treatment.d. to quit despite treatment.

Q: Research has found that alcoholics require ______ times the health care expenditures than non-alcoholics. a. 2b. 5 c. 7 d. 10

Q: Clients in a therapeutic community are viewed as passing through three phases of change: compliance, ________, and making a personal commitment to change.a. maintenance of hidden drug-use thoughts b. fear of the treatment processc. conformityd. denial in the service of the ego

Q: There is _______standard definition of inpatient/residential substance abuse treatment. a. an acceptedb. noc. an internationally approvedd. a shared (in the U.S. and the United Kingdom only)

Q: The process of re-orientating the client to post-treatment life is a. reduced when outpatient program formats are used.b. about the same as when residential treatment programs are utilized in the person's treatment.c. more intense than when residential treatment programs are utilized.d. far more complicated for those completing outpatient treatment as compared with those completing residential treatment.

Q: Which of the following statements is true? a. Although residential programs are less expensive, reduced insurance company reimbursement rates result in such programs costing almost as much as outpatient rehabilitation programs. b. Residential treatment programs have better treatment outcomes even if the person is in the program for a shorter period of time. c. Although outpatient rehabilitation programs are inherently less expensive, the insurance company reimbursement policies might make it more expensive to the individual than residential treatment. d. The weekly cost of either inpatient or outpatient treatment is approximately the same since the program still has to pay staff salaries, equipment, room for the treatment program, etc.

Q: Early therapeutic communitiesa. usually utilized an "ego stripping" technique.b. made extensive use of trained mental health professionals in providing services to the clients. c. were all designed so the person would return to independent living within a year.d. had provisions for working with women who have children or persons with AIDS.

Q: In the early stages of treatment a formal _______is developed. a. contract with the client not to abuse certain chemicalsb. treatment plan c. genealogyd. costbenefit analysis of the person's substance use history

Q: The majority of outpatient treatment programs follow a _________ approach to recovery. a. rational emotiveb. family systemsc. 12-step centeredd. alternative medicine

Q: For many persons, outpatient therapy is a a. unnecessary financial drain.b. transitional step between residential treatment and self-directed recovery.c. way to please the insurance company representatives, who demand the individual have failed at outpatient treatment before permitting admission to an inpatient recovery program.d. form of treatment with major differences in treatment philosophies as compared with residential treatment programs.

Q: What percentage of persons who enter into a substance abuse rehabilitation program will begin an outpatient treatment program?a. 85 percent b. 30 percent c. 70 percent d. 55 percent

Q: The guiding philosophy for treatment is the a. appropriate level of care necessary.b. need to follow insurance company funding policies.c. determination of bed availability at various rehabilitation facilities so that treatment referrals can be spread evenly around the regional centers to avoid charges of favoritism on the part of the referral agency.d. level of confrontation necessary to assist the individual in accepting his or her SUD.

Q: Janie is about to successfully graduate from residential treatment. She lacks a stable support system at home and is worried about her ability to live independently, but she is motivated to remain abstinent and get back on her feet. Which of the following might be the best option for Janie? a. A halfway house b. Partial hospitalization c. Therapeutic community d. Remain in residential treatment

Q: Those who remain in residential treatment for longer than ___days are more likely to benefit than those who are there for a shorter period of time.a. 5 b. 9 c. 14d. 29

Q: What percentage of those who begin therapeutic community programs graduate?a. 5-7 percentb. 10-15 percent c. 20-26 percent d. 45-50 percent

Q: Greg is involved in a type of treatment he is planning on doing for at least one year. He lives with a group of people with SUDs who are working on changing their deviant substance abuse behaviors, becoming more mature, and improving their lives without the need for substances. His program is highly structured with activities scheduled from early morning until late in the evening. He is confronted daily about his behaviors and his coping strategies, but Greg feels like he can take the confrontations because he feels supported. Greg is most likely participating in what type of treatment?a. Intensive long-term outpatientb. Hospital-based residential treatment c. Detox programd. Therapeutic community

Q: One disadvantage of inpatient/residential treatment is a. there is not much structure provided to the client.b. the quality of treatment is much lower than outpatient treatment. c. the client has to completely leave his/her life for a period of time. d. there is no way to help a client "detox."

Q: Raheed is doing outpatient treatment for his AUD. He is attending individual therapy once a week, group once a week, and is expected to go to an AA meeting at least once a week. He also has a case manager with whom he meets regularly to check his progress. He is going to be in this program for two months. Raheed is most likely participating in what type of outpatient treatment program?a. DWI class b. Short termc. Intensive short term d. Intensive long term

Q: One downfall of keeping the client in the community while he/she participates in outpatient treatment is a. the fees charged for outpatient treatment are much more than for inpatient treatment.b. the individual is still exposed to drug cues and triggers. c. the individual still has to go to work.d. the individual has to re-orient him/herself everyday after treatment.

Q: _______is a prerequisite for outpatient treatment. a. Pre-paymentb. Employmentc. Involvement of familyd. Abstinence from or reduction in the level of illicit drugs and/or alcohol use

Q: Which of the following is NOT a component of outpatient treatment?a. Individual and group therapy b. Marriage counselingc. Hospitalizationd. Vocational training

Q: Explain the idea behind aftercare programs and describe some of the variants.

Q: What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of inpatient/residential treatment programs?

Q: What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of outpatient treatment programs?

Q: Briefly describe some of the variants of outpatient rehabilitation programs.

Q: Describe the components of outpatient treatment programs.

Q: The ___ is a variant of the hallway house that serves as a transitional step between more intensive treatment and independent living. a. "sober house"b. "detox residence"c. "living clean house"d. "transitional living facility"

Q: At the end of one year ____of those who dropped out of a therapeutic community within the first year were still drug-free.a. 14 percent b. 45 percent c. 25 percentd. 45 percent

Q: The purpose of the "aftercare" program is thea. maintenance of gains made in treatment.b. destruction of the abstinence support system. c. elimination of substance use "cravings."d. elimination of substance use thoughts.

Q: It has been estimated that _______of new admissions to a therapeutic community will drop out in the first 30 days. a. 15-20 percentb. 30-40 percent c. 50 percentd. 60-70 percent