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Counseling
Q:
Which of the following did Adler notstress?a. The unity of personalityb. Focus on early childhood experiences as determinants of later personality functioning c. Behavior is purposeful and goal-orientedd. A unique style of life that is an expression of life goals
Q:
Who is primarily credited with popularizing and extending Adler's work by applying Adlerian principles to group work?a. Don Dinkmeyer b. Erik Eriksonc. H. L. Ansbacher d. Rudolph Dreikurs
Q:
One contribution of Adlerian therapy is that:a. practitioners are given a great deal of freedom in working with their clients. b. it offers a well-defined theory of personality.c. many of its concepts have been supported by research. d. it is a common-sense psychology.
Q:
Adler pioneered the practice of teaching professionals through live demonstrations with parents and children before large audiences. This is now called:
a. "openforum" family counseling.
b. spectator therapy.
c. "on stage" family therapy.
d. "hot seat" family counseling.
Q:
Which of these statements is nottrue about Alfred Adler?a. Along with Freud and Jung, Alfred Adler was a major contributor to the initial development of the psychodynamic approach to therapy.b. After resigning as president of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, Adler founded the Society for Individual Psychology.c. Alfred Adler has been criticized by intellectuals for failing to give his brother Edmund due credit for helping him develop his theory.d. Adler stresses the unity of personality, contending that people can only be understood as integrated and complete beings.
Q:
Adler chose the name _______________for his theoretical approach because it is based on a growth model.a. Individual Psychologyb. Community Psychologyc. Ego Psychologyd. Id Psychology
Q:
Which of the following is not true about the Adlerian concept of "private logic"?a. It is a result of the feelings and emotions we experience in our daily lives.b. It provides a central psychological unity for us.c. It is the philosophy upon which we base our lifestyle.d. It often does not conform to the reality of social living.
Q:
Which of the following aspects is not assessed when exploring a client's family constellation?a. Birth orderb. Interactions between siblings and parentsc. The relationship between the parents and the pediatriciand. The child's psychological position in the family
Q:
In helping clients to examine their mistaken goals and faulty assumptions, an Adlerian therapist does notuse:a. encouragement.b. challenge and confrontation. c. open-ended interpretations.d. interpretation of the transference relationship.
Q:
"Fictional finalism" is an Adlerian term meaning:a. the unrealistic ideas that we have about the way life should be.b. our strict adherence to certain beliefs that are not based on reality. c. an imagined central goal that guides our behavior.d. our stubborn resistance to change.
Q:
When Adler spoke of individuality, he referred to the unique way we:a. rewrite our own life script.b. deal with the crises of our development. c. confront our unfinished business.d. develop our own style of striving for competence.
Q:
Which of the following statements is not true about Alfred Adler?a. He created child guidance clinics.b. His early childhood was happy.c. He worked with Freud for at least eight years.d. He had much to say about child-rearing practices.
Q:
Adlerian therapy has a phenomenological orientation.Thus, the therapist attempts to view the world from:a. an objective frame of reference.b. his or her own subjective frame of reference.c. the client's frame of reference.d. the frame of reference of a particular theory.
Q:
Which of the following techniques is notused in Adlerian family counseling?a. Immediacyb. Paradoxical intentionc. Analyzing resistances between members of the family d. The push-button technique
Q:
Adlerians view the use of techniques in counseling as:a. geared to the phase of therapy and the needs of the client.b. more important than paying attention to the subjective experiences of the client. c. against their basic philosophy.d. unethical.
Q:
Dr. Kane pointed out to her client John that his feelings of inadequacy at work seem reminiscent of the feelings he experienced in his family of origin. It is probable that Dr. Kane was:
a. crossing theoretical boundaries by referring to John's past.
b. looking for continuity by paying attention to themes running through John's life.
c. trying to get John to tap into the unconscious realm by having him explore painful memories related to his family of origin.
d. hoping her intervention would promote transference, which could then be worked through.
Q:
The psychoanalytic approach provides practitioners with a framework for understanding the origins and functions of symptoms.a. True b. False
Q:
In psychodynamic group work, symbolic figures from a client's past may emerge.a. True b. False
Q:
The working-through process consists of repetitive and elaborate explorations of unconscious material and defenses, most of which originated in early childhood.a. True b. False
Q:
Psychodynamic group leaders do not interpret their client's transferences.a. True b. False
Q:
Brief psychodynamic therapists tend to assume an active role in the therapy process. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Brief psychodynamic therapies target specific interpersonal problems during the initial session. a. Trueb. False
Q:
The relational model of psychoanalysis downplays the role of countertransference. a. Trueb. False
Q:
The relational model of psychoanalysis regards therapy as an interactive process between the client and therapist. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Psychoanalysis provides therapists with a conceptual framework for looking at behavior and understanding the origins and functions of present symptoms.a. True b. False
Q:
The analysis of transference is a central technique in psychoanalysis. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Resistance, in the analytic view, results from either a conscious unwillingness on the part of the client to cooperate, or from the ineptness of the therapist in developing a sound therapeutic program.a. True b. False
Q:
Clients in analytic therapy typically free associate to various symbols in their dreams. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Analytically oriented therapists typically interpret free associations, dreams, resistances, and transferences.a. True b. False
Q:
Free association is one of the basic tools used to gain access to the unconscious. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Typically, analytically oriented therapists assume an anonymous stance, which is sometimes called the "blank screen" approach, as a necessary way to foster transference.a. True b. False
Q:
Analytic therapists view transference as a factor that results from ineffective intervention on the therapist's part.a. True b. False
Q:
The Oedipal complex and the Electra complex are associated with the genital stage of development. a. Trueb. False
Q:
The latency stage occurs between the ages of 5 to 12. a. Trueb. False
Q:
The phallic stage typically occurs during the ages of 1 to 3. a. Trueb. False
Q:
According to Freudians, greediness and hoarding may develop as a result of not getting oral needs properly met. a. Trueb. False
Q:
During the anal stage, children typically experience a range of negative feelings, including rage, hate, and hostility. a. Trueb. False
Q:
The major developmental task of the anal stage is acquiring a sense of trust. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Freud postulated the theory of sexuality. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Ego-defense mechanisms, by their very nature, imply psychopathology. a. Trueb. False
Q:
According to Freud, consciousness constitutes the largest part of one's psychological functioning.a. True b. False
Q:
Freud postulated the concepts of both life instincts and death instincts. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Traditional analytic therapists make more frequent interpretations of transferences and engage in fewer supportive interventions than is the case with psychodynamic therapists.a. True b. False
Q:
The Freudian view of human nature is deterministic. a. Trueb. False
Q:
The ego is the original structure of personality. a. Trueb. False
Q:
The range of emotionally charged responses such as withdrawal, anger, love, annoyance, powerlessness, avoidance, overidentification, control, and sadness of the therapist are often associated with:
a. transference.
b. workingthrough.
c. interpretation.
d. countertransference.
Q:
A person with a_________personality disorder is characterized by instability, irritability, self-destructive acts,impulsive anger, and extreme mood shifts. This person is lacking a clear sense of identity, has poor impulse control, and an inability to tolerate anxiety.a. narcissistic b. dependent c. borderlined. obsessivecompulsive
Q:
Individuals who display exhibitionistic traits, seek attention and admiration from others, and are extremely self- absorbed might have which of the following personality disorders?a. Narcissistic b. Dependent c. Borderlined. Obsessivecompulsive
Q:
Which statement below is notaccurate with regard to the phenomenon of countertransference?a. Countertransference reactions are the weakest source of data for understanding the world of the client since they are so biased.b. Countertransference reactions are inevitable because all therapists have unresolved conflicts and personal vulnerabilities that are activated through their professional work.c. Most research on countertransference has dealt with its deleterious effects and how to manage these reactions.d. It is critical that therapists monitor their own feelings during therapy sessions and use their responses as a source for increased self-awareness and understanding of their clients.
Q:
In object-relations theory, later relationships build upon:
a. the child's search for approval from the father.
b. one's birth order.
c. one's striving to overcome felt inferiority.
d. the child's search for a reconnection with the mother.
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about the relationship a client has with his or her analyst?
a. The client is free to express any idea or feeling as long as it is not scandalous.
b. The analyst is free to engage in spontaneous self-expression if a client makes an erroneous comment.
c. The client is free to express any idea or feeling, no matter how irresponsible, scandalous, politically incorrect, selfish, or infantile.
d. The client is encouraged to use "solution talk" and avoid talking about problems.
Q:
All of the following are true about a therapist's countertransference reactions except:
a. they should be avoided.
b. they have the potential to interfere with effective treatment.
c. they can provide rich understanding of the client's experience.
d. they should be carefully monitored by the therapist.
Q:
Which of the following is nota component of the brief psychodynamic approaches?a. Use of interpretation early in the therapeutic relationshipb. Targeting a specific interpersonal problem during the first session c. The therapist functioning as a blank slated. Developing a strong working alliance
Q:
In order to meet the goals of psychoanalytic treatment, Rhonda must help her eating disordered clients to:
a. reduce their symptoms and resolve their internal conflicts.
b. replace negative self-talk with positive self-talk.
c. make use of programs such as Weight Watchers or the Atkins diet plan.
d. increase their support networks and develop social interest.
Q:
Because ego and consciousness are not the same, the slogan for psychoanalysis has shifted from "making the unconscious conscious" to:
a. "making the ego conscious."
b. "where there was id, let there be ego."
c. "get rid of the id, kid!"
d. "may the force be within you."
Q:
Who developed the object-relations view that focuses on separation and individuation?
a. Perls
b. Satir
c. Rogers
d. Mahler
Q:
All of the following are a part of Jung's view of development except:a. individuation. b. the shadow. c. symbiosis.d. collective unconscious.
Q:
From a multicultural perspective, classical analysis may display all of the following characteristics except:
a. discourage clients who do not hold upper-middle-class values.
b. be problematic for clients from cultures that prefer a directive approach.
c. underscore the role of important cultural and political factors in the client's world.
d. ambiguity is notinherent in most psychoanalytic approaches.
Q:
Developmentally, Freud's latency stage corresponds to Erickson's stage of:a. trust versus mistrust.b. intimacy versus isolation. c. initiative versus guilt.d. industry versus inferiority.
Q:
A person who is suffering from feelings of alienation and isolation has probably failed to achieve a sense of_________during the________ stage of development.a. identity; adolescenceb. trust; infancyc. generativity; middle aged. intimacy; young adulthood
Q:
The developmental crisis involving initiative vs. guilt occurs during:
a. school age.
b. early childhood age.
c. preschool age.
d. adolescence.
Q:
According to Erickson, the basic struggle of early childhood involves:a. autonomy vs. shame and doubt. b. initiative vs. guilt.c. identity vs. role confusion. d. trust vs. mistrust.
Q:
If a person becomes fixated in the oral stage of development, later personality problems may include all of the following except:a. rejecting others' love.b. fear of intimate relationships. c. mistrust of others.d. high self-esteem.
Q:
Henry has the impulse to gamble excessively whenever he goes to Las Vegas. Aware of this, he has decided to turn down a job offer in Las Vegas to avoid the temptation to gamble. What part of Henry's personality helped him to reach this decision?
a. The id
b. The ego
c. The superego
d. The unconscious
Q:
All of the following are true about the superegoexcept:a. it is the judicial branch of personality.b. it is the internalization of the standards of parents and society. c. it governs, controls and regulates the personality.d. it inhibits id impulses.
Q:
The main function of the egois to:a. inhibit id impulses.b. seek pleasure in life.c. mediate between the instincts and the surrounding environment. d. strive for perfection.
Q:
The primary aim of time limited dynamic psychotherapy is to:
a. explore sources of childhood trauma.
b. deal exclusively with a single presenting problem.
c. change the client's repetitive patterns of relating to others.
d. bring about catharsis.
Q:
Which of the following statements is nottrue with regard to the relational approach to psychoanalysis?
a. The approach is based on an egalitarian model.
b. There is an exploration of the subjectivities of both client and therapist.
c. Countertransference provides rich information about the client's dynamics.
d. Therapist anonymity is used to foster the transference relationship.
Q:
Self psychology and object relations theory emphasize all of the following except:a. the influence of critical factors in early development on later development. b. the origins, transformations and organizational functions of the self.c. the differentiation between self and others. d. different cultures maintain similar values.
Q:
Jacqueline feels guilty whenever she considers taking a day off from work for personal reasons. Which of the psychic structures postulated by Freud is fueling her guilty feelings?
a. The id
b. The ego
c. The superego
d. The consciousness
Q:
A person experiencing persistent feelings of inadequacy has probably had difficulty attaining a sense of_______during the________stage.a. intimacy; young adulthoodb. identity; adolescentc. integrity; later lifed. industry; school age
Q:
In Erikson's view, the major developmental task in adolescence is:a. intimacy vs. isolation. b. integrity vs. despair.c. identity vs. role confusion. d. initiative vs. guilt.
Q:
What is the correct sequence of the psychosexual stages?a. Anal/phallic/latency/genital/oral b. Oral/anal/phallic/latency/genital c. Oral/anal/latency/genital/phallic d. Latency/oral/anal/phallic/genital
Q:
Freud used the term libido in which of the following ways?
a. To refer to the death instincts
b. To refer to the energy of all the life instincts
c. To refer to sexual abuse
d. To account for the aggressive drive
Q:
In Freud's view, an individual experiencing neurotic anxiety feels:a. he has behaved in a manner that is inconsistent with his moral code. b. a realistic threat is present in the environment.c. he will not be able to control his instincts and will behave inappropriately. d. guilt associated with past actions.
Q:
The Electra complex and the Oedipus complex are associated with what psychosexual stage of development?
a. Anal stage
b. Genital stage
c. Oral stage
d. Phallic stage
Q:
The process of redirecting sexual energy into some form of socially acceptable behavior is known as:
a. displacement.
b. denial.
c. compensation.
d. sublimation.
Q:
The ego defense mechanism that consists of masking perceived weaknesses or developing certain positive traits to make up for limitations is known as:
a. sublimation.
b. compensation.
c. introjection.
d. reaction formation.
Q:
The young adult who adopts his parent's outdated political beliefs to avoid unpleasant feelings of anxiety is an example of:a. displacement.b. reaction formation.c. sublimation.d. introjection.
Q:
Manufacturing "good" reasons to explain away a bruised ego, or to explain away failures or losses, is known as:
a. rationalization.
b. projection.
c. displacement.
d. introjection.