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Communication
Q:
The purpose of antitrust laws is to encourage diversity and competition in the marketplace.
A) True
B) False
Q:
In which of the following contexts would you be most likely to use high language?
A) You meet your friends for coffee at Dunkin' Donuts.
B) You interview for an internship at an advertising agency.
C) You run into your best friend's mom at the mall.
D) You meet for a study session with friends from your sociology class.
Q:
The shift to an information-based economy emphasized the cultivation of specialized niche media markets.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Technical language that is specific to members of a particular profession, interest group, or hobby is referred to as
A) euphemism.
B) slang.
C) jargon.
D) abstraction.
Q:
Over dinner Ashleigh tells her family a hilarious story about how she and her bestie photobombed a couple trying to take a selfie in the food court at the mall. Her sister laughs and shouts "you're cray!" While the girls laugh, their parents stare blankly. The parents are most likely confused by the girls' use of which language form?
A) jargon
B) slang
C) euphemism
D) equivocation
Q:
An oligopoly exists when there is a lot of variety in the number of sellers and producers of media content, but not much variety in what they actually produce.
A) True
B) False
Q:
A monopoly exists when a small number of firms control an industry, either nationally or locally.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Jane says her cousin is "big boned," instead of saying she's overweight, obese, or fat, because she understands those other terms might have insulting connotations. What type of language abstraction is Jane using?
A) jargon
B) euphemism
C) equivocation
D) evasion
Q:
A radio company collecting advertising revenue is an example of direct payment.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Using abstract words that have unclear or misleading definitions to get out of an uncomfortable situation is referred to as
A) euphemizing.
B) equivocation.
C) evasion.
D) imagining.
Q:
Match the federal laws with their effects.
A. Permitted telephone companies entry into the TV business
B. Broke up the Standard Oil Company
C. Limited anticompetitive mergers
D. Allowed dealers to sell competing products
1996 Telecommunications Act
Q:
When Joe's roommate asks if Joe would bring his cat home after the winter holidays, Joe remembers how his aunt's house smelled like a soiled litter box and that there was cat hair all over the furniture. Joe feels a great sense of reluctance. His response is related to what kind of meaning for cat?
A) denotative meaning
B) connotative meaning
C) encoded meaning
D) cognitive language
Q:
Match the federal laws with their effects.
A. Permitted telephone companies entry into the TV business
B. Broke up the Standard Oil Company
C. Limited anticompetitive mergers
D. Allowed dealers to sell competing products
Celler-Kefauver Antitrust Act
Q:
The consistently accepted definition of a word is referred to as its
A) denotative meaning.
B) connotative meaning.
C) encoded meaning.
D) cognitive language.
Q:
Match the federal laws with their effects.
A. Permitted telephone companies entry into the TV business
B. Broke up the Standard Oil Company
C. Limited anticompetitive mergers
D. Allowed dealers to sell competing products
Clayton Antitrust Act
Q:
The relationship between symbols, objects, people, and concepts and the meaning that words have for people, either because of their definitions or their placement in a sentence, defines which of the following terms?
A) pragmatics
B) labeling
C) semantics
D) abstraction
Q:
Andy compliments his mother's new hairstyle just before he asks her if she can loan him some money for the weekend, hoping that this will put her in a good mood and improve his chances of getting the loan. His compliment is serving which functional communication competency?
A) feeling
B) ritualizing
C) informing
D) control
Q:
Grammatical rules that dictate how words should be pronounced are referred to as
A) syntactical rules.
B) phonetic rules.
C) phonological rules.
D) articulation rules.
Q:
Match the federal laws with their effects.
A. Permitted telephone companies entry into the TV business
B. Broke up the Standard Oil Company
C. Limited anticompetitive mergers
D. Allowed dealers to sell competing products
Sherman Antitrust Act
Q:
____________ is the system of symbols (words) we use to think about and communicate experiences and feelings.
A) Denotative code
B) Connotative code
C) Language
D) Body language
Q:
_______________________ is the phenomenon of one country's media, fashion, and food dominating the global market and shaping the cultures and identities of other nations.
Q:
This corporation owns the ABC television network: _______________________.
Q:
What are the challenges of using communication technology to communicate verbally? What can we do to manage those challenges? In what ways have technologies like e-mail, chat, and text messaging changed the way we communicate verbally?
Q:
The promotion and sale of a product (in all its versions) throughout the various subsidiaries of a media conglomerate is called _______________________.
Q:
Shawna grew up in a poor inner-city neighborhood but has recently moved to pursue her undergraduate degree at a prestigious university. She's an intelligent woman and works very hard to earn good grades in all of her classesshe was a star among her high school peers. Unfortunately, she finds that many of her professors at the university dismiss her questions and comments in class because of her language usethey just don't seem to understand what she's saying or to recognize the intelligence and insight behind what she offers. Synthesizing what you have learned throughout this chapter, what would you say to Shawna to help her understand the linguistic challenge she has encountered? What can Shawna do to manage this communication problem?
Q:
The twentieth century saw a shift away from a manufacturing economy to a/an __________________ economy in the United States.
Q:
Describe the differences in men's and women's language use. Why is it useful for us to understand these differences? In what ways is it problematic to define particular language patterns as masculine or feminine?
Q:
Sometimes called monopolistic competition,_______________________ competition refers to a market with many producers and sellers but only a few products within a particular category.
Q:
Synthesizing what you know about the situational context, the relational context, and the cultural context, illustrate how language is bound by, builds on, and creates culture in each context.
Q:
What was the impact/outcome of a 2010 Supreme Court decision (in a five-to-four vote) regarding campaign financing?
A) Stricter limits were placed on the amount of money businesses could donate to political candidates and causes.
B) No business or corporation is allowed to influence politicians with campaign cash.
C) Only small businesses and unions can donate money to campaigns.
D) The government cannot interfere in campaign spending by corporations.
E) None of the above options is correct.
Q:
Define the concept of politically correct language. How do the principles of cognitive language and the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis illuminate the underlying assumptions of the political correctness movement? What do you understand to be the pros and cons of using politically correct language?
Q:
One key paradox of the Information Age is that for economic discussions to be meaningful and democratic, they must be carried out in ______.
A) educational settings
B) the popular media as well as in educational settings
C) community-action groups
D) American homes
E) presidential debates
Q:
Considering what you have learned throughout this chapter and others, explain why it is important to label the things in our world, including people. Why is labeling problematic?
Q:
The exportation of U.S. entertainment media is sometimes viewed as ______ because it discourages the development of original local products and value systems.
A) criminal
B) cultural dumping
C) monopolistic
D) consumer choice
E) capitalistic
Q:
Using a brief narrative example, illustrate how a person might understand how to use language semantically but not grasp how to use those same words on a pragmatic level.
Q:
Which is a term that describes what happens when one society exports an overwhelming surge of media images that strongly influence everything from fashion styles to views of morality?
A) Cultural imperialism
B) Oligopoly
C) Consumer choice
D) Narrative storytelling
E) Monopoly
Q:
Why is the use of abstract language described as a language problem? Why and how would someone intentionally use abstract language to accomplish his or her communication goals?
Q:
America has been accused of cultural imperialism for which of the following reasons?
A) U.S. corporations own most of the world's mass media.
B) The Pentagon dictates foreign policy in most foreign countries.
C) American styles in fashion, food, and entertainment dominate the global markets.
D) Baywatch was more popular overseas than it was in the United States.
E) All of the options are correct.
Q:
Cultural imperialism is ______.
A) a concept in journalism ethics that argues that journalists must know the culture they are reporting on
B) the theory that globalization is good for media, since it makes media more culturally diverse
C) the idea that large and powerful countries can dominate and even change the culture of smaller countries through media
D) the argument that people are more affected by the media that is familiar to them
E) the process of colonization of smaller and weaker countries by larger and more powerful countries
Q:
List and explain the five functional communication competencies identified by researcher Barbara Wood.
Q:
In our market economy, citizens have ______, but not very much control over the types of products they might actually want.
A) consumer choice
B) enormous power
C) freedom from thought
D) great responsibility
E) None of the above options is correct.
Q:
Explain what we mean when we say that language is symbolic, informed by our thoughts, ruled by grammar, bound by context, and that words have multiple meanings.
Q:
Spending time on Facebook may contribute to a distorted perception of the quality of one's own life.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Communicators who have a low level of sensitivity to feedback are likely to incorporate others' feedback into their self-concept and modify their behavior based on that feedback.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Our society has been reluctant to debate the inequalities inherent in mass media ownership and has gradually collapsed the critical distinctions between ______.
A) capitalism and the free market
B) democracy and free speech
C) space and time
D) capitalism and democracy
E) socialism and free speech
Q:
How might diversificationbe used to skirt antitrust laws?
A) Employing minorities tends to make regulators happy and reluctant to target companies.
B) It gets local communities to issue licensed monopolies, such as is the case with many local cable companies that are often the only cable company allowed to operate in a local community.
C) By buying up lots of different media products, a company can avoid the appearance of monopolizing any one product, yet still be large enough that it only really competes with a handful of other similar companies.
D) A company avoids U.S. antitrust laws by buying up media companies around the world.
E) None of the options is correct.
Q:
The ______ merger is considered the biggest media merger failure ever.
A) Universal Music Group and EMI
B) Time Warner and Turner Broadcasting
C) Sirius and XM
D) Disney and ABC
E) AOL and Time Warner
Q:
Telling your new coworker that you prefer the color blue to red would count as self-disclosure but is not going to create much intimacy because it has so little depth.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Which of the following companies owns YouTube?
A) Viacom
B) General Electric
C) Google
D) Disney
E) AOL
Q:
Low-self-monitors lack the communication skills needed to form satisfying interpersonal relationships.
A) True
B) False
Q:
All five digital media conglomerates are weak in the area of ______.
A) e-commerce
B) search consoles
C) hardware devices
D) media narratives
E) social media
Q:
After a disagreement with his roommate over the cleanliness of their apartment, Dennis feels frustrated because he agreed to a solution he didn't find satisfying and decides that he needs to revisit the discussion and be more assertive about his needs. Dennis's evaluation of himself reflects self-denigration.
A) True
B) False
Q:
When you assess your communication competence as sufficient or acceptable, you are feeling a sense of self-actualization.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Unlike the other digital companies, Facebook lacks ______ to access the Internet and digital media.
A) hardware devices
B) funding
C) data
D) leverage
E) All of the options are correct.
Q:
Of the new digital media conglomerates, which one has a main strength of search advertising?
A) Google
B) Facebook
C) Apple
D) Disney
E) Amazon
Q:
Self-efficacycan be defined as a prediction that causes an individual to alter his or her behavior in a way that makes the prediction more likely to occur.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Which of the following is true about the globalization of media?
A) It's more difficult for American media to reach other parts of the world.
B) Globalization allows foreign companies to have more control over the media that Americans consume.
C) Globalization has prevented U.S. TV channels from establishing a foothold in other countries.
D) Globalization facilitates the equal development of media in both the United States and other countries.
E) Globalization allows companies to recoup losses in the United States with sales overseas.
Q:
A self-fulfilling prophecy can set us up for success in a particular situation.
A) True
B) False
Q:
A student's choice of a major would probably be related to his or her feelings of self-efficacy.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Research cited in the text finds that people who have high self-esteem are more likely than those who have low self-esteem to desire public signs of affection from their relational partners.
A) True
B) False
Q:
In 2006, Disney CEO Robert Iger merged the company with ______.
A) Pixar
B) ABC
C) CBS
D) Viacom
E) Google
Q:
Self-esteem may be positive with regard to one attribute and negative with regard to a different attribute.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Disney expanded its global reach by ______.
A) purchasing ABC
B) opening a theme park in California
C) merging with Pixar
D) opening Tokyo Disney and Disneyland Paris
E) None of the above options is correct.
Q:
Which of the following is an example of synergy by Disney?
A) Creating a movie series from its popular theme-park ride Pirates of the Caribbean
B) Merging with Pixar in 2006
C) Starting Buena Vista in 1953
D) Hiring Michael Eisner to lead a new management team in 1984
E) Opening Disneyland Paris in 1991
Q:
Self-esteem refers only to the positive feelings one has about oneself.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Social comparison theory helps to explain how media images may contribute to body image problems and eating disorders.
A) True
B) False
Q:
In the 1950s, Disney was marked by ______.
A) legal trouble
B) corporate diversification
C) global expansion
D) economic turmoil
E) corporate shake-ups
Q:
When a company uses its concert promotion department to put on a show, then advertises the concert on the company's billboards, gives away free tickets on radio stations owned by that company, and advertises on the company's television stations, this is an example of ______.
A) consumer control
B) the global marketplace
C) synergy
D) deregulation
E) consolidation
Q:
Communication researchers believe that social interaction is a key aspect in developing one's self-concept.
A) True
B) False
Q:
The concept of synergy can best be described as ______.
A) the power of a new media development as it displaces old, less technologically advanced media
B) several media subsidiaries working under one corporate umbrella to promote different versions of a media product
C) the development of shopping-mall bookstores to boost book sales
D) the development of more multimediated ways to distribute books
E) the ability of one culture to dominate another
Q:
Negative stereotypes about a group often lead to prejudice against that group.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Magazines like J-14 and AARP The Magazine that target a certain age group represent a form of ______.
A) specialization
B) globalization
C) partisanship
D) ageism
E) synergy
Q:
"Men don't like to talk about their feelings" is an example of a stereotype.
A) True
B) False
Q:
The significant trends in major mainstream media economics today are ______.
A) community ownership and civic action
B) specialization and synergy
C) partisanship and deference
D) national ownership and community action
E) dramatically greater diversity in ownership
Q:
A. PR message to gain support for a special issue or cause
B. PR resembling a TV news story
C. Broadcast-style press release for nonprofit organization
D. PR written in the style of a news report
1) Propaganda
2) Press release
3) Video news release
4) Public service announcement
Q:
Stereotypes by definition are negative and unflattering.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Communication scholars believe that if we all embrace cultural myopia, we will understand one another better.
A) True
B) False
Q:
A. Lamented influence of PR profession on modern life
B. Convinced women that cigarette smoking was publicly acceptable
C. Helped open the PR profession to women
D. Transformed image of millionaire John D. Rockefeller, Sr.
1) Ivy Ledbetter Lee
2) Edward Bernays
3) Walter Lippmann
4) Doris Fleischman
Q:
Factors such as age and race can have a strong influence on our perception.
A) True
B) False
Q:
For journalists, the word ________________________ has come to mean a PR person who inserts him- or herself between a client and members of the press.