Q&A Hero

Q: The process of making guesses about your partner's thoughts and feelings and then rephrasing what you think he or she has said is referred to as A) echoing. B) paraphrasing. C) critical thinking. D) mind-reading.

Q: The ______ extended privacy protection to computer-stored data and the Internet. A) Privacy Act of 1974 B) Miller v. California case of 1973 C) USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 D) Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986 E) All of the options are correct.

Q: The type of listening that would be most important for you to employ if you were at a car dealership listening to a salesperson attempt to sell you a vehicle would be A) appreciative listening. B) empathic listening. C) critical listening. D) informational listening.

Q: Which of the following actions by the media is not a violation of the usual rights of privacy for a private citizen? A) Taping or photographing a person in their home or other private space B) Sharing health records C) Using a person's image or quote in a news story without consent D) Disclosing information about religion, sexual activities, or personal activities E) Using a person's image or name, without consent, in advertisements or endorsements

Q: During class, your goal as a listener is to comprehend the basic ideas, concepts, and theories communicated to you by your professors. We would characterize this type of listening as A) critical listening. B) empathic listening. C) appreciative listening. D) informational listening.

Q: Most battles over ______ are now online, where the global reach of the Internet has eclipsed the concept of community standards. A) libel B) obscenity C) slander D) shield laws E) None of the above options is correct.

Q: Brad is thought of as a valuable member of his presentation group. During their meetings, he is usually the one who keeps the group members focused on the task they are trying to accomplish rather than becoming sidetracked by gossip or irrelevant details. We would describe Brad as which type of listener? A) people-oriented B) action-oriented C) management-oriented D) time-oriented

Q: The U.S. Supreme Court's standards for judging something as obscene include which of the following? A) The average person, applying community standards, would find that the material as a whole appeals to prurient interest. B) The material depicts sexual conduct in a patently offensive way. C) The material as a whole lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value. D) The work as a whole must be judged obscene. E) All of the options are correct.

Q: Critical listeners who carefully evaluate what they hear are referred to as A) people-oriented listeners. B) action-oriented listeners. C) content-oriented listeners. D) time-oriented listeners.

Q: Which of the following is not part of the legal definition of obscenity? A) The work as a whole must appeal to prurient interest. B) The work as a whole must lack serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value. C) The work must depict or describe dirty words and brutal violence. D) The work must depict sexual conduct in a patently offensive way. E) All of the options are part of the legal definition.

Q: The part of the listening process in which the listener focuses his or her attention on a particular message or sound is referred to as A) selecting. B) attending. C) understanding. D) remembering.

Q: The Supreme Court sided with Larry Flynt in his case against Jerry Falwell because ______. A) Hustler magazine was never sold outside the court's jurisdiction B) parody falls under the opinion and fair comment rule C) privileged speech is protected under the First Amendment D) Hustler was not the only national porn magazine E) it approved of the magazine's message

Q: While talking on the phone with your friend, you are confronted with competing stimuli including the sounds of the television and your brother and sister playing a game in the living room. You choose the sound of your friend's voice over those other sounds. This process is referred to as A) selecting. B) attending. C) hearing. D) understanding.

Q: Which of the following is not one of the steps in the listening process? A) selecting B) attending C) critiquing D) responding

Q: The idea of absolute privilege refers to the ______. A) ability of reporters to print or broadcast anything they want B) ability of the very rich to hire lawyers to sue anybody who libels them C) ability of prosecutors to accuse defendants of crimes in court without risking libel D) the federal shield laws that allow a reporter to keep a source confidential E) way in which college students and professors can use small portions of a written work, as long as they use the proper citation

Q: Reporters who print or broadcast statements made in court are protected against libel by ______. A) absolute privilege B) qualified privilege C) opinion and fair comment D) malpractice E) right to privacy law

Q: The physiological process of perceiving sound is best associated with which of the following terms? A) listening B) hearing C) attending D) selecting

Q: For public figures to successfully sue for libel, they must prove "actual malice," which means the news medium ______. A) knew the statement was false but published it anyway B) published a true statement with the intention of hurting the public figure C) was reckless with the public figure's privacy rights D) had long harbored ill will toward and dislike for the public figure E) has a reputation for being mean-spirited

Q: Decoding messages over the telephone often requires more effort than would be required in a face-to-face interaction because we lack nonverbal cues such as facial expression, body movement, and eye behavior. A) True B) False

Q: Research suggests that women are better listeners than men are. A) True B) False

Q: Private individuals must prove falsehood, damages, and negligence to win which kind of case? A) Copyright B) Fair use C) Libel D) Sedition E) Censorship

Q: A written or broadcast expression that defames someone's character is ______. A) absolute privilege B) copyright C) censorship D) fair use E) libel

Q: African Americans are thought to be more expressive listeners than Caucasian Americans are. A) True B) False

Q: In 1976, Congress extended the copyright period to ______. A) fifteen years B) fifty years, or seventy-five years for a corporate copyright owner C) the life of the author plus twenty-five years D) the life of the author plus fifty years, or seventy-five years for a corporate copyright owner E) None of the above options is correct.

Q: Preferences for how listeners should behave and respond vary according to culture. A) True B) False

Q: Attacking means to listen specifically to find weaknesses in others and pull those weaknesses out at strategic or embarrassing times. A) True B) False

Q: Which statement about copyright law is true? A) Copyright covers a creative work for only seven years after it is produced. B) Companies like Disney are huge supporters of getting their material into the public domain. C) Corporate owners spend lots of money getting Congress to shorten the length of copyright protections. D) The original idea behind American copyright law was that authors would have a financial incentive to create original works, and after fourteen years others would be able to safely use it to create derivative works. E) Copyright laws have remained virtually unchanged since they were written in the eighteenth century, being adapted without debate to new media.

Q: Although it is common and sometimes beneficial to us, selective listening can also be considered an unethical communication behavior in some contexts. A) True B) False

Q: At the end of the copyright period, a creative work such as a book or song becomes ______. A) more valuable to the person or company that owns the copyright B) protected from use by anyone other than the author or creator C) available for public use with the payment of a royalty fee D) available for public use free of charge E) a target for online piracy

Q: The creators of works such as books, music, lyrics, movies, and TV programs are protected if someone tries to make money off their work because of ______. A) copyright law B) libel C) fair use D) limited privilege E) public domain

Q: Defensive listeners are considered to be highly focused and effective because they take in all of the relevant information before critiquing it and then offer a response. A) True B) False

Q: Some members of the U.S. government wanted to charge the founder of WikiLeaks, Julian Assange, with ______. A) computer fraud for hacking into the cell phones of crime victims B) computer fraud for running a scam posing as a deposed Nigerian prince C) espionage for publishing the Pentagon Papers D) espionage for releasing thousands of confidential U.S. embassy documents online E) None of the above options is correct.

Q: Many people experience listening apprehension, a state of anxiety, fear, or dread associated with listening, which can be a barrier to their communication competence. A) True B) False

Q: In American culture, we tend to value listening more than talking, which can create an awkward imbalance to the communication process and stifle conversations. A) True B) False

Q: Which laws, passed in 1917 and 1918, made it a federal crime to disrupt the nation's war effort? A) Privacy Act B) First Amendment C) Espionage Acts D) Sedition Acts E) Bill of Rights

Q: Which of the following constituted a "clear and present danger" to national security according to the federal courts? A) Publishing a design for the H-bomb in Progressive magazine B) Prosecuting the president for potentially criminal acts C) Stealing the Pentagon Papers and publishing them D) Distributing antiwar pamphlets during peace time E) None of the above options is correct.

Q: Because most young people today have grown up surrounded by environmental distractions, they are able to multitask without a decline in their listening competence. A) True B) False

Q: In the Progressive magazine case, a federal district court took a course of action based on concern that the magazine would publish ______. A) information on how an H-bomb works B) a story that defamed the president C) obscene material D) a story that endorsed drug use E) copyrighted material

Q: It is possible for those who are deaf to listen. A) True B) False

Q: It is a myth that hearing ability naturally declines with age. A) True B) False

Q: The Pentagon Papers case involved which of the following legal concerns? A) Reporters were infringing on the copyrights of the Pentagon. B) Reporters were making unfair use of Pentagon documents. C) Newspapers were libeling the president and his administration by exposing their lies. D) The president should have the absolute privilege to block newspapers from publishing unflattering material. E) Whether or not the government has the right to censor a newspaper and prevent publication in the interest of national security

Q: In 1971, President Richard Nixon's administration tried to block publication of ______. A) reports on weapons of mass destruction B) reports of government overspending C) instructions on how to make an H-bomb D) the Progressive magazine E) a study of U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War

Q: A room that is too hot or cold may present environmental challenges that make it difficult for a person to listen well. A) True B) False

Q: Appreciative listening offers no benefit to the listener besides the enjoyment he or she receives from the activity. A) True B) False

Q: Which statement about the Sedition Act of 1798 is true? A) It was passed to silence editorials encouraging the country to take part in a pending war. B) It was used to prosecute anti-Federalist newspapers. C) It was renewed over and over again by several presidents after Adams. D) It expired under President John Adams. E) Its excesses actually helped bolster public support for taking rights away from a free press.

Q: Which of the following statements about the Sedition Act of 1798 is not true? A) It aimed to silence opposition to a possible war with France. B) It led to a public backlash that ultimately supported greater protection of a free press. C) A political party in power passed it to undermine efforts by an opposing political party. D) It was supported and reinforced by President Thomas Jefferson when he later took office. E) It was originally passed by Congress and signed into law by President John Adams.

Q: During a heart-to-heart conversation with a close friend, we would most likely be engaged in appreciative listening. A) True B) False

Q: Prior restraint means that courts and governments ______. A) can block the press from publishing any article they deem inflammatory or controversial B) cannot block any publication or speech before it occurs C) have the right to review every article before it is published D) can give the news media rules on what they can and cannot publish E) None of the options is correct.

Q: Poor listening behaviors can make an individual less attractive and may reduce the chances that his or her partner will make self-disclosures. A) True B) False

Q: Listening mistakes result in millions of dollars in losses for U.S. businesses every year. A) True B) False

Q: According to the text, one of the first widely circulated arguments for a free, unlicensed press can be traced to ______. A) the un-amended U.S. Constitution B) the tradition of a free press that started in Great Britain and other European countries in the 1600s C) English poet John Milton's essay Areopagitica D) President John Adams E) Welsh poet Dylan Thomas's poem "Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night"

Q: Critical thinking is an essential component of empathic listening. A) True B) False

Q: Which model of expression tolerates all forms of speech, including pornography? A) Authoritarian B) State model C) Libertarian D) Social responsibility E) Communitarian

Q: Questioning is considered to be an important aid to effective informational listening. A) True B) False

Q: Which of the following is not characteristic of the libertarian model for expression and speech? A) Tolerance for the expression of everything, from pornography to advocacy of anarchy B) Encouraging vigorous government criticism C) A great deal of trust in citizens' ability to distinguish truth from falsehood D) Arguing that the mass media have grown too powerful and need to become more socially responsible or face some sort of government regulation E) All of the options are characteristics of the libertarian model.

Q: Competent communication requires an ability to adapt one's listening style to meet the context. A) True B) False

Q: The notion of the press working as the Fourth Estate, or as watchdog over the government, is contained in which model of speech and expression? A) Authoritarian B) Communist (or state) C) Libertarian D) Social responsibility E) Antiquarian

Q: Content-oriented listeners prefer to listen to information from sources they perceive to be credible and enjoy examining the information they receive from a variety of angles. A) True B) False

Q: Time-oriented listeners indicate a preference for receiving information that is organized chronologically according to some time frame. A) True B) False

Q: State leaders believe the press should serve the goals of the state in the ______ model. A) authoritarian B) communist C) libertarian D) social responsibility E) seditious

Q: Active listeners are considered by others to be more competent communicators overall. A) True B) False

Q: Which model of the press is most often associated with today's mainstream U.S. news media? A) Authoritarian B) Communist C) Libertarian D) Social responsibility E) Seditious

Q: Compared with most other nations, the United States has ______ freedom of speech, religious tolerance, and press freedom. A) a little less B) a little more C) a lot more D) a lot less E) about the same

Q: Responding is an important part of the listening process. A) True B) False

Q: Listening is an involuntary passive activity. A) True B) False

Q: Broadcasters are no longer legally required to provide competing points of view when airing programs about controversial issues. A) True B) False

Q: According to the 1934 Communications Act, broadcast stations must provide equal opportunities and response time for qualified political candidates. A) True B) False

Q: Hearing and listening are distinctly different activities. A) True B) False

Q: Describe the difference between attacking and ambushing.

Q: The FCC can fine broadcast stations any amount it sees fit for indecent incidents. A) True B) False

Q: Newspapers are not required by law to give individuals an opportunity to reply to an editorial attack. A) True B) False

Q: ___________is listening in order to control the communication interaction.

Q: List two examples of defensive listening behaviors.

Q: In twentieth-century Supreme Court decisions, the print media and broadcast media received the same First Amendment protections. A) True B) False

Q: How does boredom affect our ability to listen effectively?

Q: Jean routinely reads her Real Communication textbook while also watching her favorite sitcoms and communicating with her friends on Facebook. She believes she is good at _____________, but what she doesn't realize is that focusing her attention on so many different things at once presents a listening barrier because her attention is finite.

Q: Currently, both print journalists and broadcasters need federal licenses to operate their businesses. A) True B) False

Q: Provide an example of an environmental factor that you consider a listening barrier in this classroom.

Q: Print and broadcast media are not treated equally under the First Amendment. A) True B) False

Q: Since its debut in 1990, the NC-17 movie rating has been a commercially successful rating for films with adult content. A) True B) False