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Q:
Agenda-setting suggests that the press determines exactly what people should think.
Q:
A movie-theater experience differences from watching television or reading a magazine because
A) it provides only entertainment value.
B) it’s a communal experience.
C) it includes popcorn.
D) it’s higher quality.
Q:
In the first stage of the Information Revolution which Steve Jobs called the __________ office workers’ productivity was increased exponentially.
Q:
A U.S. Supreme Court ruling against Sam Ginsberg, a New York sandwich shop owner, remains the legal basis for
A) greater freedom of speech for spoken words included in hip-hop lyrics.
B) laws prohibiting the sale of pornographic material to children.
C) laws defining and prohibiting child pornography.
D) tighter standards of acceptability for all lyrics in recorded music.
Q:
Describe the three most common functional areas of responsibility for public relations practitioners and cite two examples of target audiences or activities that fall within each of these functional areas.
Q:
The book industry objected to the Patriot Act because it
A) allowed wiretaps of just about everyone.
B) required government review and approval of new books on terrorism.
C) allowed federal agents to go into bookstores and libraries and look at customers’ records.
D) put authors and their political beliefs in a national registry.
Q:
__________ ethics are based on the belief that people act morally when they follow good rules.
Q:
All of the following contributed to development of motion pictures as a mass medium EXCEPT
A) exposure to light making silver nitrate turn dark.
B) persistence of vision in the human eye.
C) projecting images on a wall instead of showing them in a personal viewing box.
D) television’s ability to transmit visual images to another location.
Q:
The only national newspaper among the following four is the
A) Miami Herald.
B) Wall Street Journal.
C) Los Angeles Times.
D) Chicago Tribune.
Q:
This 2001 law gave federal agents new authority to preempt terrorism. A) copyright law B) Patriot Act C) Pentagon Act D) Freedom of Terrorism law
Q:
The __________ Commission was a learned group that studied the U.S. mass media in the 1940s and recommended journalists make decisions that serve the society responsibly.
Q:
By the time of the U.S. Civil War, this still-developing technology made it possible to capture a new kind of archival record.
A) photography
B) printing press
C) video recording
D) radio
Q:
Among the best ways to describe the New York Times is
A) known worldwide for its journalistic excellence.
B) largest circulation daily newspaper in the world.
C) popular for its crossword puzzles and front-page comic strips.
D) snobbish and elitist, appealing only to rich intellectuals.
Q:
People watching a movie need to experience __________ which means they surrender doubts about the reality of the story and become caught up in the story.
A) suspension of disbelief
B) imagination
C) movie clarity
D) belief
Q:
Given the names of recent Apple products, it’s not surprising they would collectively be referred to as __________ by some commentators.
Q:
In order for material to be banned as obscene, A) a minimum number of complaints must be lodged with the FCC. B) it must fail all three of the tests set forth by the Miller Standard. C) it must be inappropriately available to children. D) it must fail any one test set forth by the Miller Standard.
Q:
Discuss some of the ways public relations was used in the United States during World War I and describe the effectiveness and long-term impact of those efforts.
Q:
The 2011 blockbuster movie __________was inspired by Nate Silver’s amazing ability to predict and forecast the future performance of athletes as well as the outcome of elections.
Q:
The mass media have a minor role in shaping the public’s issues agenda.
Q:
Despite the sophistication of new, high-tech research methods, the best and most preferred ways of measuring media audiences remain telephone surveys and respondent diaries.
Q:
Political content on the web is almost entirely unregulated.
Q:
In 1934, Time founder Henry Luce launched another visually-oriented magazine called
A) Harper’s Bazaar.
B) Life.
C) Better Homes and Gardens.
D) Time.
Q:
The landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision that reshaped U.S. libel laws was
A) Brown Education v. the New York Times.
B) New York Times v. the United States.
C) New York Times v. Sullivan.
D) Roe Wade v. the New York Times.
Q:
The historic distinction between Hollywood and television as rivals has
A) increased in intensity.
B) almost completely disappeared
C) become more defined.
D) remained constant.
Q:
As the CEO and driving force behind Apple, __________ reinvented three foundering media industries in the early 21st century.
Q:
What does the Miller Standard define?
A) how old one has to be in order to view sexually explicit materials
B) which sexual content is protected from government bans
C) which media are protected from government oversight
D) at what times of day explicit material can be broadcast
Q:
Identify three fundamental principles of public relations practiced by Ivy Lee and explain how they revolutionized both public relations and business practices in the late-19th and early-20th centuries. Also discuss the extent to which these principles remain relevant today.
Q:
Elizabeth Baer and Charles Schenck were arrested and eventually lost a U.S. Supreme Court case for
A) shouting “fire” in a crowded theater.
B) printing a newspaper critical of government.
C) protesting loudly in front of the White House.
D) handing out leaflets aimed at recently drafted men.
Q:
__________ suggests that everyone be treated the same.
Q:
The process of reproducing black-and white images by printing variously sized dots of ink that will look like different tones of gray is
A) halftone printing.
B) ink dot process.
C) celluloid imagery.
D) digital photography.
Q:
The New York Times first established its reputation for courage in
A) publishing the Pentagon Papers despite government objections..
B) admitting Jason Blair’s spectacular stories were false.
C) leading other papers in reporting on the Watergate scandal..
D) uncovering and reporting New York City corruption in the Tweed scandal.
Q:
The process of melding the television and movie industries was spurred forward by all of the following EXCEPT
A) concentration of early television production and executive offices on the West Coast.
B) cooperation between ABC television and Disney Studios in producing Disneyland as a series.
C) filming I Love Lucy with three-cameras and editing it instead of airing it as a live sit-com.
D) television executives deciding to air the Movie of the Week series in prime-time.
Q:
What is the difference between obscene material and pornographic material?
A) Obscene material contains offensive language, while pornography is visually oriented.
B) Obscene material can be banned by the government, while pornography cannot.
C) Pornographic material is sexually oriented, whereas obscene material is any other objectionable content.
D) Obscene material is protected by the Miller Standard, whereas pornographic material is not.
Q:
At the bottom of the VALS hierarchy are need-driven people.
Q:
Videos on blogs are covered by campaign law.
Q:
How did the government justify stopping the Pentagon Papers?
A) The Papers dug into the private life of President Kennedy.
B) The Papers could hurt national security.
C) The Papers were stolen by a Soviet agent.
D) The Papers were the work of a traitor.
Q:
Making decisions with a blind eye to extraneous facts that could affect decisions is applying the veil of __________.
Q:
Which of the following is NOT a test of the Incitement Standard?
A) The statement advocates a lawless action.
B) The statement aims at producing lawless action.
C) The statement must be directed at harming a specific figure, group or object.
D) Lawless action must be imminent.
Q:
Immanuel Kant advocated the __________ imperative.
Q:
Frederick Ives invented this process in 1876 that allowed visual images to be printed to accompany the words printed on a page.
A) photography
B) halftone
C) camera obscura
D) movable type
Q:
The first U.S. newspaper to establish an online presence was
A) the Albuquerque Tribune.
B) the Baltimore Sun.
C) the Detroit Free Press.
D) the Los Angeles Times.
Q:
What was the name of the early television show that borrowed the innovative, movie-production technique of using three cameras to film episodes?
A) Gunsmoke
B) I Love Lucy
C) The Twilight Zone
D) The Wonderful World of Disney
Q:
Despite its growing audience online gaming has not yet attracted the attention of advertisers.
Q:
What Irish classic was originally banned in the U.S. because of its sexual content until a 1930 court decision?
A) Ulysses
B) Trinity
C) How Many Miles to Babylon?
D) The Country Girls
Q:
Discuss three philosophical or operational differences between public relations and advertising.
Q:
According to VALS, achievers comprise the largest category of people.
Q:
Supreme Court decisions have clearly indicated that the First Amendment protects print media more fully than it protects broadcast media.
Q:
The movie and television industries at first engaged in a rivalry that began when television began drawing huge audiences in the
A) 1930s.
B) 1940s.
C) 1950s.
D) 1960s.
Q:
Facebook does its best to get advertisers’ messages to users who are likely to be interested in their product but it never gives the advertisers a list of those who received the ad.
Q:
How big is the U.S. sex industry?
A) $100 million to $250 million in profits a year
B) $80 billion in profits a year
C) $60 million in revenues a year
D) $8 billion to $10 billion in revenues a year
Q:
Identify four of the five major features of the dialogic theory of public relations and then discuss the notion that a willingness to take risks is actually tied into all of them. Explain the potential risk in each of these features and cite an actual or hypothetical example that might arise.
Q:
Psychographics divides the population into lifestyle segments.
Q:
As the Supreme Court sees it, the First Amendment applies more directly to print media than broadcast media.
Q:
Trying to remain profitable, newspapers made all of the following cutbacks EXCEPT
A) closing outlying bureaus and offices and reducing staff sizes.
B) cutting the number and size of pages to reduce weight and thereby distribution costs. C) printing on lower-quality and cheaper grades of paper.
D) printing fewer photographs and graphics in color.
Q:
Tyler Perry’s personification of the “new Hollywood” and his ability to cut across media platforms is demonstrated by all of the following accomplishments EXCEPT
A) producing nine motion pictures.
B) producing three televisions series that have aired on TBS.
C) writing and producing seven plays for the live stage.
D) writing and publishing two best-selling novels and an autobiography.
Q:
Google offers more valuable information to advertisers than Facebook because it can tell them what its users are interested in getting more information about.
Q:
In recent years, the major television networks have come to view sports programming as
A) profit makers.
B) loss leaders.
C) revenue neutral.
D) program interference.
Q:
Match each person on the left with his corresponding accomplishment in the right column. 1) William Henry Vanderbilt A) Brought enlightened self-interest to GM 2) Paul Garrett B) Promoted PR as a top management function 3) Howard Dean C) Used puffery as a promotion tool 4) Ivy Lee D) Made smoking acceptable for women 5) P.T. Barnum E) Democratized political fund-raising via the Internet 6) George Creel F) Updated Creel’s work to respond to World War II 7) Arthur Page G) Declared “The public be damned.” 8) John D. Rockefeller, Jr. H) Headed Committee on Public Information 9) Elmer Davis I) Image changed from demon to caring tycoon by Ivy Lee 10) Edward Bernays J) Early advocate of institutional openness
Q:
Magazines can customize their advertising and editorial content to match the interests of readers through sophisticated geodemographic audience analysis.
Q:
Since the Tornillo decision, the fairness doctrine applies only to print media.
Q:
The Incitement Standard originated in an Ohio case involving
A) racist Clarence Brandenburg’s comments at a KKK rally.
B) the publication of a secret national policy study called the Pentagon Papers.
C) a civil advertisement placed in the New York Times.
D) anti-war pamphlets distributed by socialists.
Q:
Aristotle devised the __________ Mean for moral decision-making.
Q:
Richard Hoe perfected the high-speed, rotary press during the __________, a period when the technology to mass produce paper on large rolls wasalso developed.
A) American Revolution
B) Industrial Revolution
C) French Revolution
D) Media Revolution
Q:
Surveys based on neighborhood lifestyles are geodemographic.
Q:
The Tornillo decision in the U.S. Supreme Court rejected attempts to extend the fairness doctrine to newspapers.
Q:
Who was the white racist involved in a 1950s U.S. Supreme Court case that provided explicit requirements to justify limiting free expression?
A) Charles Schenck
B) Elizabeth Baer
C) Clarence Brandenburg
D) Benjamin Gitlow
Q:
Media ethics is complicated by the need to not only take into account the media’s commitment to adhere to particular performance standards but also whatever expectations the __________ has.
Q:
In the years following Gutenberg’s invention of movable metal type, society was transformed in all of the following ways EXCEPT
A) the oral tradition of story-telling was displaced by people reading stories for themselves.
B) national languages emerged and gradually replaced local dialects.
C) books and literacy became subject to tighter control and scrutiny by church authorities.
D) authors who were previously ignored began to be recognized and paid for their work.
Q:
Morning newspapers, called AMs, which used to outnumber afternoon papers, called PMs, have almost completely disappeared. The reasons include all of the following EXCEPT
A) more of the workforce leaving factory work and moving into 9-to-5 jobs.
B) people decided they had better things to do after work than read a newspaper.
C) the popularity and 24/7 availability of the Internet.
D) television’s growth in popularity as both a news and entertainment medium.
Q:
Which sports event attracts the largest worldwide television audience?
A) World Cup
B) Super Bowl
C) World Series
D) Stanley Cup
Q:
PRSA is the acronym for the professional organization whose full name is the Public Relations __________.
Q:
Behavioral targeting is a more sophisticated approach to advertising and persuasion than targeted marketing because it’s more personally-focused.
Q:
What was Les Brown describing when he said, “At once topical and entertaining, performed live and suspensefully without a script, peopled with heroes and villains, full of action and human interest and laced with pageantry and ritual”?
A) live theater
B) music
C) storytelling
D) sports
Q:
The term __________has been coined to describe the actions of organizations that try to cover up their shortcomings by touting themselves as being eco-friendly.
Q:
PRIZM and VALS are both geodemographic measures.
Q:
Don Burden lost his radio stations’ licenses after instructing the news staff to run only favorable stories on one U.S. Senate candidate and negative stories on the other.
Q:
Prohibiting expression before it is disseminated is called
A) prior restraint.
B) repression.
C) regression..
D) the TPM Standard.
Q:
In terms of ethics, when you think about the impact your reporting can have on the readers or viewers who get their news from your mass medium, it is a reflection of your duty to __________.
Q:
This technological innovation of the 1440s allowed scientists to print their theories and experimental results for wide dissemination.
A) photography
B) printing paper
C) rotary press
D) movable metal type
Q:
The key factor in the amazing growth in the number and size of newspaper chains in the 1970s and 1980s was
A) an increasing public hunger for more news.
B) an unexpected decline in television viewing.
C) increased profitability among newspapers made them a desirable purchase.
D) new telecommunications systems made it easier to manage papers in multiple locations.