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Communication
Q:
According to Hall's classification of social distances, personal space is defined as ______.
a. that which is reserved for intimate contact, including touching
b. a comfortable distance that is about an arms length
c. public distance that is reserved for public speaking situations
d. the spacing people practice at social gatherings and in working situations
Q:
According to Westin's classification of privacy, solitude refers to ______.
a. the state of being free from observation of others
b. a state of being with another person, but free from the outside world
c. the state of being unknown, even in a crowd
d. the state in which a person employs barriers to control unwanted intrusion
Q:
The amount of information contained or perceived in the environment per some unit of time is also referred to as ______.
a. the built environment
b. ones monochronic time orientation
c. ones polychronic time orientation
d. the information rate
Q:
Which list of terms best describes an environment with a high load?
a. certain, redundant, and probable
b. fast-paced and quick
c. crowded, immediate, and dense
d. sluggish, slow, and lingering
Q:
Which list of terms best describes an environment with a low load?
a. certain, redundant, and probable
b. fast-paced, and quick
c. crowded, immediate, and dense
d. sluggish, slow, and lingering
Q:
Many Western societies believe that nature is ______.
a. to be controlled, domesticated, and subjugated
b. an omnipotent force that is unmanageable
c. consistent, orderly, and cyclical
d. random, chaotic, and disorderly
Q:
The built environment consists mainly of ______.
a. high load situations, including randomness
b. low load situations, including patterns
c. the physical geography of the earth, including climate
d. adaptations to the terrestrial environment, including housing
Q:
Like other microcultural groups, Hispanics/Latinos are concentrated in certain geographical areas in the United States.
Q:
The U.S. government coined the term Native American during the civil rights movement of the 1960s.
Q:
A person in the United States with ancestry originating from an Arabic-speaking country is classified as White by The U.S. Census Bureau.
Q:
Arab Americans are now the fastest growing microcultural group in the United States.
Q:
Outline and discuss the fundamental assumptions of the Muted Group Theory.
Q:
List and discuss the five characteristics that distinguish microcultural groups from the dominant group.
Q:
Choose one of the six microcultural groups profiled in the chapter and discuss how they meet the characteristics that distinguish them as microcultural.
Q:
Other traits that can distinguish a microcultural group include language or distinctive dress habits.
Q:
Microcultural group members are often unaware of their subordinate status.
Q:
In many cultures, the subordinate microcultural groups do not contribute to the construction of the language of the dominant group.
Q:
Though not always, microcultural groups generally have more power than the majority or macro culture.
Q:
Which of the following U.S. cities has the largest percentage of LGBTQ inhabitants?
a. Milwaukee, Wisconsin
b. Atlanta, Georgia
c. Phoenix, Arizona
d. Miami, Florida
Q:
A group with the most power is considered the dominant group in a culture while the less powerful groups have been known as ______ groups.
a. Subdominant
b. Minority
c. Marginalized
d. Alternative
Q:
Commitment to the family is a dominant cultural value among virtually all Hispanics/Latinos. Which of the following examples illustrates this value of familia?
a. Children are brought home from the hospital and put into their own separate nursery.
b. Children are given their own toys to keep so they can learn responsibility.
c. Children learn the more they misbehave, the more attention they receive.
d. Children and their families congregate in one large room.
Q:
Which statement best summarizes the research on the construct of male gender identity called machismo?
a. Macho males are exclusively from Hispanic/Latino societies
b. Men from any culture who are aggressiveness, violent, and dominant over women are macho.
c. Macho men can be aggressive, courageous, or protective. There is no consensus.
d. Macho men share many different characteristics; but, the only consistent trait is infidelity.
Q:
One of the primary ways members of cultural groups define themselves is through conversation. Ebonics is a grammatically complex speech pattern used by many Black Americans. It is characterized by ______.
a. adherence to traditional grammar constructs
b. a modest, emotionally restrained conversation style
c. an emotionally intense, dynamic, and demonstrative style
d. a language derived from changing the definitions of modern English words
Q:
The microcultural group with the highest median household income is ______.
a. Hispanics/Latinos
b. Black Americans
c. Asian Americans
d. Arab Americans
Q:
Research has consistently shown that some microcultural groups have been seen as less competent than others. The group that has been labeled a model minority is ______.
a. Hispanic/Latinos
b. Black Americans
c. Asian Americans
d. Arab Americans
Q:
Of all the microcultural groups discussed in the text, the most ethnically, racially, and religiously diverse group in the country are the ______.
a. Hispanic/Latinos
b. Black Americans
c. Asian Americans
d. Arab Americans
Q:
When you are engaged in a conversation with someone from the Arab American culture, it is nearly impossible to understand the conversation unless you understand the ______ expressions that are used.
a. religious
b. political
c. popular culture
d. family
Q:
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. A micro culture refers to those identifiable groups of people who share the same set of values, beliefs and behaviors of the microculture, and ______.
a. possess a common history
b. use a common verbal and nonverbal symbol system
c. share the same religious convictions
d. hold the same political beliefs
Q:
Microcultures can be different from the larger culture in a variety of ways, often because of race or ethnicity.
Q:
The largest microcultural group in the United States is ______.
a. Hispanics/Latinos
b. Asian Americans
c. Arab Americans
d. African Americans
Q:
The Hispanic/Latino population in the United States is largely of ______ origin.
a. Mexican
b. Puerto Rico
c. Cuban
d. Central American
Q:
In combination, Black Americans, Asian Americans, and Hispanics/Latinos constitute about what percentage of the U.S. population?
a. 52%
b. 45%
c. 28%
d. 37%
Q:
A key communicative component of Native American interaction is ______.
a. the use of silence
b. collectivism
c. proxemics
d. all of these
Q:
In many cultures, microcultural group status is often determined by one's membership in ______.
a. sex and racial groups
b. educational classes
c. political organizations
d. family clans
Q:
Microcultural group membership is typically ______.
a. temporary
b. involuntary
c. linked to education
d. gradual
Q:
Which of the following statements is generally true of microcultures?
a. They possess some distinctive physical or cultural trait.
b. They are typically uneducated.
c. They are not naturalized citizens of the United States.
d. They typically live in isolated parts of the country.
Q:
Microcultural group members generally practice ______.
a. exogamy
b. polygamy
c. polygyny
d. endogamy
Q:
Which of the following statements best summarizes the Muted Group Theory?
a. Because microcultural groups contribute little to the formulation of the dominant code, and are forced to communicate within the dominant mode of expression, they become muted.
b. Groups become muted because they lack the intellectual and phonological structures for language.
c. Muted groups possess a style of communication that is innately substandard and inferior.
d. Because microcultural groups contribute to the formulation of the dominant code, but are unable to use it, they become muted.
Q:
According to the Muted Group Theory, interaction between dominant and subordinate groups is difficult because ______.
a. subordinate groups cannot speak English
b. subordinate groups have to express themselves using the dominated groups code
c. dominant groups refuse to interact with subordinate groups
d. dominant groups have to express themselves in the subordinate groups code
Q:
In cultures with a strong uncertainty avoidance orientation, uncertainty is seen as a normal part of life, where each day is accepted as it comes.
Q:
Cultures with a strong uncertainty avoidance orientation sense that uncertainty in life is a continuous threat that must be fought.
Q:
Define and describe the essential differences between individualistic and collectivistic cultures.
Q:
Define and describe the essential differences between high and low context cultures.
Q:
Define and describe the essential differences between large and small power distance cultures.
Q:
Identify and analyze an event in which you witnessed self-enhancement and one of Constantine Sedikides three communicative strategies.
Q:
Schwartzs 10 Basic Human Values rank differently across individuals and groups. Choose your top 3 values and explain the reasoning for your selections.
Q:
In China, a dominant cultural value is filial piety (obedience to parents, respect for parents, honoring of ancestors).
Q:
Cultures with a smaller power distance emphasize that inequalities among people should be minimized.
Q:
Before the exam begins, Gomez complains that the lectures were boring, the chapter readings too long, and the test will probably be filled with trick questions. Gomez is exhibiting ______ communication.
a. self-protection
b. self-affirming
c. self-enhancement
d. self-serving
Q:
According to the text, there is an unspoken belief among the Japanese that putting deep feelings into words somehow lowers or spoils their value. Understanding gained without words is more precious than that gained through talking. This is an example of the consequences of communication in a ______ culture.
a. high context
b. low context
c. pancultural context
d. nonverbal
Q:
According to the Chinese Value Survey, the way children should behave toward their parents, living or dead, as well as toward their ancestors surpasses all other cultural ethics. This is called ______.
a. Respect for tradition
b. Filial piety
c. Protecting your face
d. Solidarity with others
Q:
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Schwartz identified ten basic personal values that he argues are universal and recognized across cultures. He believes there are three universal requirements of human existence. Which of the following are included in his values?
a. the needs of individuals as biological organisms
b. the fundamentals of coordinated social interaction
c. the needs of individuals as psychological organisms
d. survival and welfare needs of groups
Q:
The most relevant feature of individualism, as defined in the majority of the studies, is valuing personal independence.
Q:
Individualism is linked to a sense of duty to group, interdependence, harmony, and working with the group.
Q:
Individualism and collectivism are not mutually exclusive; that is, they can coexist within a person of any culture.
Q:
Within a low-context culture, interactants primarily will look to the physical, sociorelational, and perceptual environment for information.
Q:
In a low-context communication, the verbal code is the primary source of information.
Q:
Persons who are certainty oriented undertake activity that ______.
a. maintains clarity
b. is socially prescribed
c. is hierarchically prescribed
d. is monochronically prescribed
Q:
In December 2015, for the first time in history, women in Saudi Arabia were allowed to vote and hold political office. This is an example of the concept that cultures are ______.
a. unstable
b. democratic
c. fluid
d. gendered
Q:
Because of the defeat in the Civil War, the institution of slavery, and relative poverty, the Deep South is the most ______region in the United States.
a. individualistic
b. collectivistic
c. blended
d. adaptable
Q:
Gingees parents are teaching them the importance of family lineage and ancestry. Gingee is encouraged to play with children who are part of the same educational and economic circles they are. Gingee is from a/an ______ culture.
a. out-group
b. adaptable
c. individualistic
d. collectivistic
Q:
Zeke lives in a culture where they are independent and can pursue their own goals; however, they are also seen as equal to, and the same as, others in their culture. Zeke lives in a ______ culture.
a. horizontal collectivistic
b. horizontal individualistic
c. vertical individualistic
d. vertical collectivistic
Q:
A cultural orientation in which the individual sees the self as an integral part of the in-group but the members are different from one another is a ______ orientation.
a. Horizontal Individualism
b. Vertical Collectivism
c. Horizontal Collectivism
d. Vertical Individualism
Q:
New research suggests that the individuals self is more fundamental to self-definition across cultures than is the collective self. This means the individual self is ______.
a. a blend of individual- and collective-ness
b. pandemic
c. pancultural
d. culturally protected
Q:
Which of the following statements best describes a strong uncertainty-avoidant culture?
a. Uncertainty is seen as a normal part of life.
b. Uncertainty is seen as a continuous threat.
c. Most of the population experiences communication apprehension.
d. Few people experience communication apprehension.
Q:
Which of the following statements best describes a weak uncertainty-avoidant culture?
a. Uncertainty is seen as a normal part of life.
b. Uncertainty is seen as a continuous threat.
c. Most of the population experiences communication apprehension.
d. Few people experience communication apprehension.
Q:
Which of the following statements best describes a collectivistic culture?
a. Emphasis is placed on individuals goals over group goals.
b. People communicate using a restricted code.
c. People are taught to be creative, self-reliant, competitive, and assertive.
d. Stresses values that serve the in-group.
Q:
Which of the following statements best describes an individualistic culture?
a. It stresses approval of the outgroup.
b. People are seen as interdependent with others.
c. Self-concept is consistent with public behavior.
d. People communicate using a restricted code.
Q:
Which of the following countries is the most individualistic?
a. United States
b. Japan
c. Russia
d. Brazil
Q:
Which of the following countries is the most collectivistic?
a. United States
b. Japan
c. Russia
d. Canada
Q:
Which of the following statements best describes a high-context culture?
a. It stresses approval of the out-group.
b. People are seen as interdependent with others.
c. Self-concept is consistent with public behavior.
d. People communicate using a restricted code.
Q:
Which of the following statements best describes a low-context culture?
a. People communicate using a restricted code.
b. Nonverbal code is the primary source of information.
c. Verbal code is the primary source of information.
d. Heavy reliance on the contextual elements of the communication setting.
Q:
Which one of the following countries is considered a high-context culture?
a. Canada
b. South Korea
c. England
d. Saudi Arabia
Q:
Which one of the following countries is considered a low-context culture?
a. Germany
b. Spain
c. China
d. Vietnam
Q:
Which of the following statements best describes a large power distance culture?
a. Inequalities among people are expected and desired.
b. Inequalities among people should be minimized.
c. People communicate using powerful messages (e.g., direct, assertive).
d. People communicate using powerless messages (e.g., indirect, hesitant).
Q:
Which of the following statements best describes a small power distance culture?
a. Inequalities among people are expected and desired.
b. Inequalities among people should be minimized.
c. People communicate using powerful messages (e.g., direct, assertive).
d. People communicate using powerless messages (e.g., indirect, hesitant).
Q:
Which of the following countries is considered large power distance?
a. Great Britain
b. Scotland
c. Finland
d. Mexico
Q:
Define ethnocentrism and how it affects intercultural communication.
Q:
Explain a situation in which one of the five approaches to determining ethical behaviors could be used. Explain the behavior and the approach and why you selected it for this particular behavior.
Q:
Which of the following types of cultures emphasize individual goals over group goals?
a. individualistic
b. large power distance
c. small power distance
d. high-context