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Chemistry

Q: Galactose has the structure shown below. It can be classified as a(n) A) ribose. B) ketose. C) disaccharide. D) monosaccharide. E) ketone.
Q: The sugar also known as dextrose and blood sugar is A) glucose. B) galactose. C) fructose. D) lactose. E) sucrose.
Q: Hypoglycemia is a condition in which A) the glucose level in the blood is about 100 mg/dL. B) the amount of glucose in the urine is higher than normal. C) the glucose level in the blood is higher than normal. D) the glucose level in the pancreas is higher than normal. E) the glucose level in the blood is lower than normal.
Q: Hyperglycemia is a condition in which A) the glucose level in the blood is about 100 mg/dL. B) the amount of glucose in the urine is lower than normal. C) the glucose level in the blood is higher than normal. D) the glucose level in the pancreas is lower than normal. E) the glucose level in the liver is lower than normal.
Q: One difference between D-glucose and L-glucose is A) the open-chain form of L-glucose does not exist. B) it is not possible to make L-glucose. C) L-glucose has a 5-membered ring, and D-glucose has a 6-membered ring. D) only D-glucose is found in disaccharides and polysaccharides. E) L-glucose cannot form a closed structure.
Q: In the L- isomer of a Fischer projection of a monosaccharide, the -OH group furthest from the carbonyl is written A) on the left of the top chiral carbon. B) on the right of the top chiral carbon. C) on the left of the middle chiral carbon. D) on the left of the bottom chiral carbon. E) on the right of the bottom chiral carbon.
Q: Which Fischer projection is the mirror image of the structure given below?
Q: Galactosemia is the name of a metabolic disorder. In this disorder, an enzyme is missing that is needed to A) make galactose from lactose. B) make lactose from galactose. C) convert galactose to glycogen. D) convert galactose to glucose. E) convert α-galactose to β-galactose.
Q: Fructose does not undergo hydrolysis because it is a A) aldose. B) hexose. C) reducing sugar. D) monosaccharide. E) disaccharide.
Q: Photosynthesis uses ________ as an energy source. A) glucose B) carbon dioxide C) chlorophyll D) oxygen E) sunlight
Q: The breakdown of glucose to chemical energy for the cells to do work is an example of A) oxidation. B) respiration. C) reduction. D) anabolism. E) mutarotation.
Q: Which of the following is an example of an aldohexose? A) B) C) D) E)
Q: Which of the following is an example of a ketopentose? A) B) C) D) E)
Q: The breakdown of carbohydrates to carbon dioxide and water in the body is called A) reduction. B) respiration. C) photosynthesis. D) anabolism. E) mutarotation.
Q: During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water are converted to glucose and oxygen by A) large animals. B) insects. C) mushrooms. D) green plants. E) earthworms.
Q: Ribulose has the following structural formula. To what carbohydrate class does ribulose belong?A) aldotetroseB) aldopentoseC) ketotetroseD) ketopentoseE) ketohexose
Q: Which of the following is an example of an aldopentose? A) B) C) D) E)
Q: A monosaccharide that contains 4 carbon atoms, one of which is in an aldehyde group, is classified as a(n) A) aldopentose. B) aldohexose. C) ketopentose. D) aldotetrose. E) ketotetrose.
Q: A monosaccharide that consists of 5 carbon atoms, one of which is in a ketone group, is classified as a(n) A) aldotetrose. B) aldopentose. C) aldohexose. D) ketotetrose. E) ketopentose.
Q: Which group of carbohydrates cannot be hydrolyzed to give smaller molecules? A) monosaccharides B) disaccharides C) trisaccharides D) oligosaccharides E) polysaccharides
Q: A carbohydrate that gives two molecules when it is completely hydrolyzed is known as a A) monosaccharide. B) disaccharide. C) polysaccharide. D) starch. E) trisaccharide.
Q: Indicate the monosaccharide(s) produced upon hydrolysis of each carbohydrate. A) glucose + fructose B) glucose C) glucose + galactose 1> amylopectin 2> lactose 3> glycogen 4> maltose 5> sucrose
Q: Select the correct carbohydrate for each description. A) amylose B) fructose C) lactose D) cellulose E) galactose F) glycogen G) maltose H) sucrose 1> a carbohydrate that cannot be digested by humans 2> a disaccharide that occurs as a breakdown product of starch 3> a carbohydrate that stores energy in the human body 4> a carbohydrate that is used to build cell walls in plants 5> a monosaccharide that combines with glucose to form lactose 6> a disaccharide found in milk and milk products 7> a disaccharide consisting of glucose and fructose 8> a disaccharide consisting of two glucose molecules 9> a monosaccharide found in fruit juices and honey, the sweetest carbohydrate 10> an unbranched carbohydrate that stores glucose in plants
Q: Cellulose is a polysaccharide with only -1,4-bonds between glucose units.
Q: Amylopectin is a straight-chain polysaccharide.
Q: Glucose is stored in animals as glycogen.
Q: The iodine test is used to detect the presence of a reducing sugar.
Q: Sucrose is a disaccharide.
Q: Galactose is a disaccharide.
Q: Sucrose is made up of glucose units only.
Q: The product of reduction of xylose is xylitol.
Q: Maltose is a reducing sugar.
Q: Sucrose is a reducing sugar.
Q: The product of reduction of mannose is mannic acid.
Q: The product of oxidation of an aldose is a carboxylic acid.
Q: Cellulose will give a positive Benedict's test.
Q: A reducing sugar gives a precipitate of silver metal with Benedict's reagent.
Q: This anomer is the α anomer
Q: In the anomer of glucose, the OH on carbon 1 is above the plane of the ring.
Q: In the D- isomer, the -OH farthest from the carbonyl is to the left.
Q: Fructose is a ketohexose.
Q: Fructose is also known as dextrose.
Q: A monosaccharide can be hydrolyzed to smaller units.
Q: Identify each Fischer projection as the D- or L-isomer. 1> 2> 3> 4> 5>
Q: State whether each of these structures is the α- or β-form. 1> 2> 3> 4> 5>
Q: Identify the product, if any, that would form in each of the following reactions.
Q: Match the structural formula with the correct functional group.A) aldehydeB) etherC) ketone
Q: Select the correct name for the following.A) 3-propanoneB) 1-propanoneC) diethyl ketoneD) propanal
Q: This compound is chiral.
Q: The biological activity of one of a set of enantiomers may be very different from the biological activity of the other optical isomers.
Q: Enantiomers have superimposable mirror images.
Q: 1-butanol is a chiral molecule.
Q: 2-butanol is a chiral molecule.
Q: Enantiomers may have very different tastes or smells.
Q: A chiral carbon atom can have fewer than four different groups bonded to it.
Q: Enantiomers are mirror images of each other.
Q: This compound is an acetal.
Q: Glucose forms a cyclic hemiacetal.
Q: A hemiacetal has alkoxy and hydroxyl functional groups bonded to the same carbon.
Q: An acetal is formed from an aldehyde or ketone and one molecule of alcohol.
Q: Benedict's test can be used to determine whether an α-hydroxyaldehyde functional group is present.
Q: Ketones are reduced to secondary alcohols.
Q: Primary alcohols are oxidized to ketones.
Q: The Tollens' test is used to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones.
Q: Acetone would give a positive Tollens' test.
Q: Propanal is more soluble than pentanal.
Q: Hexanal would be soluble in water.
Q: Carbonyl compounds having fewer than four carbon atoms are very water soluble.
Q: The carbonyl group gives ketones lower boiling points than alkanes of similar mass.
Q: The carbonyl group gives aldehydes higher boiling points than alkanes of similar mass.
Q: The name of this compound is 3-butanone.
Q: A major flavor component of vanilla is an aldehyde.
Q: Excessive exposure to formaldehyde can irritate the eyes and respiratory tract.
Q: Formaldehyde is used in solution as a germicide and preservative.
Q: Acetone is sometimes produced in pathological conditions such as diabetes.
Q: Acetone is a three-carbon aldehyde.
Q: The suffix -al indicates an aldehyde in the IUPAC system of naming.
Q: The suffix -one indicates an aldehyde in the IUPAC system of naming.
Q: The carbonyl group does not have a dipole.
Q: The carbonyl group consists of a carbon-oxygen single bond, and a second bond to hydrogen.
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