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Q:
Indoor air pollution is primarily caused by toxic fumes from industrial plants located in cities.
Q:
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act enacted by the Congress in 1948 continues to be applied across the United States in its original form without amendments.
Q:
The federal government is primarily responsible for the implementation of the Clear Water Act in all states.
Q:
The Clear Water Act extends its protections to the oceans.
Q:
Point sources are sources of pollution that are fixed and stationary.
Q:
Each state is required to prepare a state implementation plan (SIP) that sets out how the state plans to meet the federal pollutant standards.
Q:
Regions that do not meet air quality standards are designated as air quality control regions.
Q:
The third category of the nonattainment areas is labeled "serious."
Q:
The EPA can prohibit the construction of a new pollution-causing industrial plant in a state that is a nonattainment area.
Q:
The pollutant standards under the NAAQS are set in two levels.
Q:
The primary level of the NAAQS protects vegetation.
Q:
Human beings are protected in the secondary level of the NAAQS.
Q:
The right to enforce air pollution standards is an exclusive prerogative of the federal government.
Q:
The Clean Air Act does not apply to stationary sources of pollution.
Q:
The Clean Air Act authorizes the EPA to regulate air pollution caused by fuel and fuel additives.
Q:
The Environmental Protection Agency lacks adjudicative powers to hold hearings and order remedies for violation of environmental laws.
Q:
The EPA administers the NEPA and has the authority to adopt regulations for the enforcement of the act.
Q:
The NEPA and EPA regulations require that an environmental impact statement (EIS) be prepared by the state government.
Q:
An EIS must contain a costbenefit analysis of the proposed action and alternative actions.
Q:
An EIS can be challenged in court by environmentalists and other interested parties.
Q:
Oil refineries are an example of stationary sources of air pollution.
Q:
Under the ________ Act, pesticides must be registered with the EPA before they can be sold.
Q:
The ________ Act provides for the creation of a government fund to finance the cleanup of hazardous waste sites.
Q:
In 1980, Congress enacted the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), which is commonly called the ________.
Q:
The disposal of new hazardous wastes is regulated by the ________ Act.
Q:
The secretary of commerce is empowered to enforce the provisions of the ________ Act to endangered marine species.
Q:
The ________ Act authorizes the U.S. government to clean up oil spills and spills of other hazardous substances in ocean waters within 12 miles of the shore and on the continental shelf and to recover the cleanup costs from responsible parties.
Q:
The Clean Water Act forbids the filling or dredging of navigable waters and qualified wetlands unless a permit has been obtained from the ________.
Q:
The ________ Act requires manufacturers and processors to test new chemicals to determine their effects on human health and the environment and to report the results to the EPA before the chemicals are marketed.
Q:
The sources of water pollution that are fixed and stationary are known as the ________ sources of water pollution.
Q:
________ are defined as areas that are inundated or saturated by surface water or ground water that support vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions.
Q:
The NEPA and EPA regulations require that a(n) ________ be prepared by the federal government for any proposed legislation or major federal action that significantly affects the quality of the natural and human environment.
Q:
The ________ Act mandates that the federal government consider the "adverse impact" of proposed legislation, rulemaking, or other federal government action bon the environment before the action is implemented.
Q:
The ________ Act requires states to identify major stationary sources and develop plans to reduce air pollution from these sources.
Q:
The Clean Air Act directs the EPA to establish ________ standards for certain pollutants. These standards are set at two different levels: primary (to protect human beings) and secondary (to protect vegetation, matter, climate, visibility, and economic values).
Q:
In 1948, Congress enacted the ________ Act to regulate water pollution. This act has been amended several times. As amended, it is simply referred to as the Clean Water Act.
Q:
Explain the nature and enforcement of the NAAQS?
Q:
What are the measures taken to protect wetlands in the United States?
Q:
Describe any two legislations that have been implemented to minimize the damage caused by oil spills.
Q:
How are endangered species protected in the United States? Name three laws that protect wildlife species.
Q:
Give an account of the state environmental protection laws.
Q:
The ________ is a federal agency that can initiate judicial proceedings in court against suspected violators of federal environmental laws.
Q:
Which of the following is a mandate of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act to the government?
A) to set standards for radioactivity in the environment
B) to select a permanent site for the disposal of nuclear wastes
C) to regulate thermal pollution from nuclear power plants
D) to use wetlands as a source of nuclear wastage disposal
Q:
Which of the following is true of the Endangered Species Act?
A) It is the only federal law that protects wildlife at present.
B) It empowers the secretary of the interior to declare a form of wildlife as endangered.
C) It does not include marine species and amphibian life forms.
D) It applies only to the government taking of any endangered species.
Q:
Describe the purpose and requirements of an EIS?
Q:
Which of the following is a true of the Superfund?
A) It gives mandate to the state government to deal with hazardous wastes that have been spilled, stored, or abandoned.
B) It identifies sites in the United States where hazardous wastes have been disposed of, stored, abandoned, or spilled.
C) It levies extra tax on the people of the state where hazardous wastes have been improperly disposed of.
D) It does not permit states and private parties who clean up hazardous waste sites to seek reimbursement from the fund.
Q:
Armex, a large power plant, has been in the news for a potential defect in the construction of its inner chambers that caused radioactive fumes to escape from the plant to the surrounding areas. This has endangered the lives of the employees at the plant as well as those staying in nearby areas. This safety violation is likely to be taken up by the ________ for corrective action like closure of the plant.
A) Federal Nuclear Agency
B) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
C) Nuclear Waste Policy Commission
D) Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Q:
Which of the following is true of the EPA standards set for toxic substances?
A) They are set without regard to economic or technological feasibility.
B) They are set based on the recommendation of business owners affected by the pollution.
C) They require the EPA to identify all chemicals based on the NAAQS.
D) They require a complete ban on all toxic substances.
Q:
Which of the following is true of the Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act?
A) It only allows government-manufactured pesticides to be sold.
B) It requires all pesticides to be registered with the EPA.
C) It cannot suspend the registration of an already registered pesticide.
D) It allows non-registered pesticides to be sold only with the close monitoring by the EPA.
Q:
The ________ is a federal statute that authorizes the EPA to regulate facilities that generate, treat, store, transport, and dispose of hazardous wastes.
A) Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
B) Clear Water Act
C) Toxic Substances Control Act
D) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Q:
The remains of the process by which nuclear power is generated in a reactor are most likely to be classified as ________.
A) oil-spilled pollutants
B) inert elements
C) pesticides
D) hazardous wastes
Q:
The ________ Act provides for the creation of a government fund to finance the cleanup of hazardous waste sites.
A) Resource Conservation and Recovery
B) Toxic Substances Control
C) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability
D) National Environmental Policy
Q:
The Superfund Act, administered by the EPA, gives the federal government a mandate to ________.
A) establish marine sanctuaries in ocean waters as far seaward as the edge of the continental shelf
B) impose fines on buildings and office that cause harm to their occupants due to indoor air pollution
C) cleanup hazardous wastes that have been spilled, stored, or abandoned
D) set standards on the toxic substances that can be used or sold
Q:
The ________ is a federal statute that authorizes the EPA to establish national primary potable water standards.
A) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
B) Federal Water Pollution Control Act
C) Clean Water Act
D) Safe Drinking Water Act
Q:
Which of the following is a federal statute that extends limited environmental protection to the oceans?
A) the Safe Drinking Water Act
B) the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act
C) the Federal Water Pollution Control Act
D) the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Q:
The ________ authorizes the U.S. government to clean up oil spills and spills of other hazardous substances in ocean waters within 12 miles of the shore and on the continental shelf and to recover the cleanup costs from responsible parties.
A) Clear Water Act
B) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
C) Federal Water Pollution Control Act
D) Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act
Q:
The U.S. Coast Guard administers the Oil Pollution Act which requires the oil industry to ________.
A) obtain a permit for dumping wastes and other foreign materials into ocean waters
B) implement measures to avoid dumping of wastes into wells used for drinking water
C) adopt procedures and contingency plans to readily respond to and clean up oil spills
D) establish marine sanctuaries in ocean waters as far seaward as the edge of the continental shelf
Q:
One of the features of the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act is that it ________.
A) requires the oil industry to adopt procedures and contingency plans to readily respond to and clean up oil spills
B) requires a permit for dumping wastes and other foreign materials into ocean waters
C) requires the tanker owner-operator to prove that it is fully insured to cover any liability that may occur from an oil spill
D) issues permits for discharge of dredged or fill material into navigable waters and qualified wetlands
Q:
Areas that are inundated or saturated by surface water or ground water that support vegetation typically adapted for life in such conditions are called ________.
A) marine reefs
B) gullies
C) wetlands
D) reservoirs
Q:
The Clean Water Act forbids the filling or dredging of navigable waters and qualified wetlands unless a permit has been obtained from the ________.
A) Ministry of Environmental Protection
B) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
C) Environmental Protection Agency
D) Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Q:
Which of the following actions is prohibited under the Clean Water Act?
A) inhabitation on inland areas in the vicinity of wetlands and marshes
B) chemical treatment of wastes to reduce toxicity before discharge into wetlands
C) construction of residences by filling qualified wetlands
D) creation of artificial lakes and waterways for recreation
Q:
AMS is a factory situated on the coast that uses chemicals like lead and arsenic in its daily production processes. It discharges the waste products of the manufacturing process into the sea nearby. From the information provided in the scenario, we can infer that ________.
A) AMS is a heavy electrical goods company
B) AMS is using radioactive minerals
C) AMS is likely to face corrective action by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
D) AMS is a source of pollution that is fixed and stationary
Q:
The process by which heated water or material is discharged into waterways upsetting the ecological balance and decreasing the oxygen content is defined as ________.
A) land pollution
B) radioactive pollution
C) air pollution
D) thermal pollution
Q:
Which of the following measures is most likely to reduce indoor air pollution?
A) complete air conditioning with sealed windows
B) heavy insulation
C) closure of all air ducts
D) no-fragrance policy
Q:
Which of the following is a primary cause of sick building syndrome in the United States?
A) large number of outside ducts
B) unsealed windows
C) thinly insulated buildings
D) hazardous construction materials
Q:
Which of the following is a sanction imposed on states that don't implement approved plans for reduction in air pollution?
A) increase in tax for personal property
B) reduction in public school funding
C) loss of federal highway funds
D) implementation of monthly fines based on pollution levels
Q:
Which of the following federal administrative agencies enacts the Clean Water Act?
A) the Environmental Investigation Agency
B) the Environmental Protection Agency
C) the Ministry of Environmental Protection
D) the Association of Environmental Professionals
Q:
Which of the following is primarily responsible for enforcing the provisions of the Clean Water Act regulations?
A) the federal government
B) independent agencies
C) the state government
D) non-profit organizations
Q:
Which of the following statements is true of the NAAQS?
A) They divide pollutants into five groups based on the risks they pose to humans.
B) They represent a set of standards for certain pollutants that have two levels.
C) They apply to all sources of pollution.
D) They are administered exclusively by the federal government.
Q:
Each state is required to prepare a(n) ________ that sets out how the state plans to meet the federal standards set by the NAAQS.
A) strategic environmental assessment
B) environmental impact statement plan
C) state assessment plan
D) state implementation plan
Q:
Which of the following is true of the NAAQS?
A) The federal government has the right to enforce these air pollution standards if the states fail to do so.
B) The state governments are responsible for setting standards for air quality in their respective state.
C) Human beings are protected under the secondary level of the NAAQS.
D) Only standards for oxides of elements and particulate matter are evaluated under the NAAQS.
Q:
A geographical area that does not meet established air quality standards is designated as a(n) ________.
A) limited pollution area
B) nonattainment area
C) zoned ordinance area
D) federal regulation area
Q:
In a survey of the nonattainment areas in the state, the agency found Helmont to be the district that exceeded the ozone standard by the largest margin. Helmont is most likely to be categorized as a(n) ________ nonattainment area.
A) severe
B) extreme
C) marginal
D) serious
Q:
Which of the following is true of an EIS?
A) It is not required by state or local laws, only federal law.
B) It can be challenged in court by environmentalists or other interested parties.
C) It can only be accepted after Congress passes a bill adopting the EIS.
D) It is not required for projects undertaken by private parties.
Q:
Which of the following would be considered a stationary source of air pollution?
A) aircrafts
B) oil rigs
C) cargo ships
D) automobiles
Q:
Which of the following is true of the Clean Air Act?
A) It is the only major state law regulating air pollution in the United States.
B) It fails to include the air pollution caused by fuel and fuel additives in its purview.
C) It is only concerned with stationary sources of air pollution.
D) It requires air pollution controls to be installed on motor vehicles.
Q:
The primary level of the NAAQS protects ________.
A) flora
B) human beings
C) water bodies
D) climate
Q:
The ________ Act is a federal law that prohibits banks from giving promotional items to entice persons to sign up for a credit card.
Q:
The ________ is charged with regulating credit extended to older persons, members of the armed services, and persons who are unlikely to understand the complexities of credit.
Q:
Lease creditors that violate the ________ Act are subject to the civil and criminal penalties provided in the TILA.