Q&A Hero

Q: Ethicist Lou Hodges says if a journalist must lie for a greater good, its best to pose in a helper role (such as a doctor or firefighter) in order to do the most good.

Q: Most liars and deceivers tend to overestimate the forces that push them to lie, according to the book Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life.

Q: News, facts, and truth are the same on the truth continuum in the textbook.

Q: The truth continuum argues that non-truths told without intent to deceive are closer to truth than persuasive speech that uses selective information.

Q: To remind us that our words are not the same as the real world, general semanticists use the phrase the map is not the territory.

Q: A pragmatist approach to truth assumes that there are varying degrees of truth.

Q: A semanticist would say it is appropriate to describe the world in two-value terms, such as right or wrong.

Q: While the world is not limited, our ability to describe it is.

Q: The “correspondence” theory of truth is tied to the Peirce notion (from Chapter 1) of tenacity.

Q: The _________________ theory says truth is achieved when our beliefs about something connect with other beliefs we hold to be true.

Q: _______________ _____________________ is the study of the relationship of language, and what it does to us, and what we do to it.

Q: The ________________ theory of truth says we need to make decisions about what is true so we can get on with the business of interacting with the real world.

Q: The _______________ theory of truth holds that truth is based on objective reality.

Q: What are the key sets of values that emerge from mass media codes of ethics?

Q: Describe the difference between “terminal” values and “instrumental” values, as defined by Milton Rokeach.

Q: Most mass communication codes of ethics focus greatly on values that Schwartz says are tied to: A. Self-directionB. TraditionC. BenevolenceD. PowerE. Achievement

Q: Schwartz and Bilsky said that values ultimately emerge as we resolve conflicts between both of these EXCEPT: A. being open to change/opportunity vs. holding on to the status quo.B. being open to transparency vs. holding on to secrecy.C. being motivated by self-interest vs. motivated by the interests of others.

Q: Rokeach’s list of instrumental values would include all of these EXCEPT: A. salvation.B. broadmindedness.C. logic.D. politeness.E. cleanliness.

Q: Rokeach’s list of terminal values would include all of these EXCEPT: A. equality.B. wisdom.C. freedom.D. mature love.E. ambition.

Q: A mass communicator’s desire to meet a deadline is an example of: A. a moral value.B. an immoral value.C. a professional value.D. an anti-moral value.E. an amoral value.

Q: Which of these statements is NOT true about values? A. They are things or properties that are worth having.B. They are necessary for, or contribute to, a person’s ability to be, thrive, or well-being.C. They emerge from beliefs, attitudes, and opinions.D. They are the bedrock concepts that guide people, sometimes unknowingly, to their actions.E. can be a noun and a verb.

Q: A nice place to live, independence, financial security, good health, etc., are examples of: A. moral values.B. immoral values.C. professional values.D. non-moral values.E. amoral values.

Q: Traditional news values (such as impact, proximity, etc.) are examples of amoral values.

Q: Protonorms are values that focus on individual cultures, and are different depending upon the culture.

Q: Journalisms focus on objectivity means that news is value-free.

Q: Media ethics codes say little about values, because they are more focused on loyalties.

Q: The United Nations tried, but failed to define a set of core universal values because it was impossible to reach agreement.

Q: Social scientists agree that moral values cannot be measured.

Q: A moral dilemma exists when values conflict.

Q: The term value comes from the Latin, meaning to be of worth.

Q: It is correct to say that we value something, and that something has value.

Q: Values can be both moral and non-moral in nature.

Q: Mass communicators who are ethical are always perceived by their audiences as being credible.

Q: The Motion Picture Association of Americas ratings system is an example of message transparency.

Q: Too much transparency in mass communication could lead to lower credibility.

Q: Credibility is what people think about you, not what you really are.

Q: There is little relationship between our level of moral development and to whom we think we owe accountability.

Q: When a person or group seeks to hold a media organization accountable, the media organizations response often is determined by the power held by the party seeking the accountability.

Q: The First Amendment says that the press has a responsibility to be accountable.

Q: The term accountability means to reckon together.

Q: People hired by media (or other) organizations to write about the grounds standards and practices are known by the Swedish term _________________.

Q: Media _____________ Systems are ways mass communicators can be held to justify their messages and methods.

Q: Immanuel Kants perfect duty, like William David Ross actual duty, is something they claimed that we must always observe in order to be ethical.

Q: The proper time to think about ethical accountability is _____________ making a decision.

Q: Immanuel Kant argued that a categorical imperative should be obeyed only by people in the same category, such as all bosses or all employees.

Q: Bernard Gerts 10 moral rules are focused more on doing good than eliminating evil.

Q: A proper following of deontological ethical principles could lead us to accurately say we did the right thing even if our right action fails to produce a good result.

Q: Applying the ethical theory of William David Ross in our media-related job would require us to have a fairly well-honed level of ethical intuition.

Q: Immanuel Kant insisted that when you make an ethical rule, it should be universalized.

Q: An example of a supererogatory duty is telling the truth to a boss who asks you a work-related question.

Q: If no actual duty exists, then William David Ross says that we should follow the appropriate prima facie duty when making a moral decision.

Q: William David Ross provided a rank-ordered listing of prima facie duties, so people would know which duty is most important.

Q: Duties that you might have that others might not have (such as attending class or not cheating on this test) are known as particularist duties.

Q: Immanuel Kant would say that it is _____________ (possible, or impossible) to legitimately exploit some people for the benefit of others.

Q: For 1 through 3, match the category of theory of truth with its baseball umpire-related description. 1. correspondence2. coherence3. pragmatic A. “Some are balls and some are strikes, but they ain’t nothing until I call them.”B. “Some are balls and some are strikes, and I call them as I see them.”C. “Some are ball and some are strikes, and I call them as they are.”

Q: Ethicist Lou Hodges says if a journalist must lie for a greater good, its best to pose in a helper role (such as a doctor or firefighter) in order to do the most good.

Q: Most liars and deceivers tend to overestimate the forces that push them to lie, according to the book Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life.

Q: News, facts, and truth are the same on the truth continuum in the textbook.

Q: The truth continuum argues that non-truths told without intent to deceive are closer to truth than persuasive speech that uses selective information.

Q: To remind us that our words are not the same as the real world, general semanticists use the phrase the map is not the territory.

Q: A pragmatist approach to truth assumes that there are varying degrees of truth.

Q: A semanticist would say it is appropriate to describe the world in two-value terms, such as right or wrong.

Q: While the world is not limited, our ability to describe it is.

Q: The “correspondence” theory of truth is tied to the Peirce notion (from Chapter 1) of tenacity.

Q: _______________ _____________________ is the study of the relationship of language, and what it does to us, and what we do to it.

Q: The _________________ theory says truth is achieved when our beliefs about something connect with other beliefs we hold to be true.

Q: The ________________ theory of truth says we need to make decisions about what is true so we can get on with the business of interacting with the real world.

Q: The _______________ theory of truth holds that truth is based on objective reality.

Q: What are the key sets of values that emerge from mass media codes of ethics?

Q: Describe the difference between “terminal” values and “instrumental” values, as defined by Milton Rokeach.

Q: Most mass communication codes of ethics focus greatly on values that Schwartz says are tied to: A. Self-directionB. TraditionC. BenevolenceD. PowerE. Achievement

Q: Schwartz and Bilsky said that values ultimately emerge as we resolve conflicts between both of these EXCEPT: A. being open to change/opportunity vs. holding on to the status quo.B. being open to transparency vs. holding on to secrecy.C. being motivated by self-interest vs. motivated by the interests of others.

Q: Rokeach’s list of instrumental values would include all of these EXCEPT: A. salvation.B. broadmindedness.C. logic.D. politeness.E. cleanliness.

Q: Rokeach’s list of terminal values would include all of these EXCEPT: A. equality.B. wisdom.C. freedom.D. mature love.E. ambition.

Q: A mass communicator’s desire to meet a deadline is an example of: A. a moral value.B. an immoral value.C. a professional value.D. an anti-moral value.E. an amoral value.

Q: A nice place to live, independence, financial security, good health, etc., are examples of: A. moral values.B. immoral values.C. professional values.D. non-moral values.E. amoral values.

Q: Which of these statements is NOT true about values? A. They are things or properties that are worth having.B. They are necessary for, or contribute to, a person’s ability to be, thrive, or well-being.C. They emerge from beliefs, attitudes, and opinions.D. They are the bedrock concepts that guide people, sometimes unknowingly, to their actions.E. can be a noun and a verb.

Q: Traditional news values (such as impact, proximity, etc.) are examples of amoral values.

Q: Protonorms are values that focus on individual cultures, and are different depending upon the culture.

Q: Journalisms focus on objectivity means that news is value-free.