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Business Ethics
Q:
The issue of workplace bullying is more predominant in the service sector because:
a. it lacks the right of due process.
b. that work relies significantly on interpersonal relationships and interaction.
c. of its strong hierarchy of authority.
d. most of the organizations in this sector are decentralized.
Q:
Identify the correct statement about bullying.
a. The mistreatment of an employee needs to be physically threatening to be termed as bullying.
b. Bullying does not involve a boss who is constantly yelling dictates at workers because that is his job.
c. When a coworker spreads rumors about another in order to sabotage his position, he is not regarded as bullying as he is not higher than the other employee in the hierarchy of authority.
d. Bullying can lead to a complete loss of personal dignity, intimidation, and fear.
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about the right of due process?
a. In legal contexts, due process refers to the procedures that police and courts must follow in exercising their authority over citizens.
b. Few dispute that the state, through its police and courts, has the authority to punish citizens. This authority of the state is the right of due process.
c. Due process in the workplace acknowledges employees authority over an employer.
d. In legal contexts, due process refers to the unlimited authority that police and courts have over citizens, to create a safe and orderly society.
Q:
Philosophically, the right of _____ is the right to be protected against the arbitrary use of authority.
a. continuance
b. freedom of association
c. due process
d. self-determination
Q:
Some employers emphasize the rights and duties of all employees, and treat employees well simply because it is the right thing to do. Identify the ethical approach for this perspective.
a. Prescriptive ethics
b. Utilitarianism
c. Deontological ethics
d. Classicism
Q:
Some employers might decide to treat employees well as a means to produce greater workplace harmony and productivity. This approach is reminiscent of _____ ethics.
a. deontological
b. utilitarian
c. normative
d. Kantian
Q:
It is discriminatory to refuse to hire someone about whom you simply have a bad feeling, even if that bad feeling is not based on their difference in race or gender.
Q:
The feasibility approach to standards allows OSHA to make tradeoffs between health and economics.
Q:
Standards are fundamentally a social approach that can address public policy questions ignored by markets.
Q:
Relative risks is determined by comparing the probabilities of harm involved in various activities.
Q:
The life of one who dies in a workplace accident has instrumental value that can be measured, in part, by the lost wages that would have been earned had that person lived.
Q:
Sweatshops lack even the most basic health and safety protections.
Q:
If a firm decides to retain employees on the basis of longevity with the firm, and the retained employees are mostly of the male gender, then legally, the firm will not be violating any regulations.
Q:
When the employer is the government, constitutional limitations on government authority are extended into the workplace to protect employees.
Q:
The doctrine of employment at will(EAW) holds that unless an agreement specifies otherwise, employers are free to fire an employee at any time and for any reason.
Q:
A mistreatment needs to be physically threatening to be termed as bullying.
Q:
In legal contexts, due process is the right to be protected against the arbitrary use of authority.
Q:
Employment security is the most significant aspect of work from the employees ethical perspective.
Q:
Rewards and compensation structures have no impact on the emotions of workers.
Q:
Employees have a universal right to a happy workplace.
Q:
The most important influence on workers commitment is salary.
Q:
What are some of the precautions that a firm must take when investing in CSR?
Q:
Explain the concept of reputation management and discuss the controversies associated with publicizing corporate good deeds.
Q:
What are the implications of sustainability in the integrative model of CSR?
Q:
Can non-profit organizations be categorized under the integrative model of corporate social responsibility? Elaborate.
Q:
Discuss the arguments between the economic model and stakeholder theory.
Q:
What is stakeholder theory?
Q:
People have a strong ethical duty to cause no harm, and only a prima facie duty to prevent harm or to do good. Discuss Norman Bowies view on this statement.
Q:
How does philosopher Norman Bowie defend the version of CSR that would fall
within the social web model?
Q:
How does the social web model view businesses?
Q:
According to the narrow view of economic model of CSR, only philanthropy done for reputational reasons and financial ends is ethically responsible. What is the justification for this statement?
Q:
Discuss the philanthropic model of CSR.
Q:
Philosophers distinguish between three different types of responsibilities, on a scale from more to less demanding or binding. Explain these responsibilities.
Q:
The economic model is a narrow view of CSR. What are the alternative broader models of CSR?
Q:
The social responsibility of business managers is simply to pursue profit within the law. How does the economic model of CSR justify this statement?
Q:
How can corporations encourage people to engage in business activities?
Q:
The practice of attending to the _____ of a firm is referred to as reputation management.
Q:
The _____ version of CSR suggests that the long-term financial well-being of every firm is directly tied to questions of how the firm both affects and is affected by the natural environment.
Q:
In the _____ model of corporate social responsibility, social goals are brought into the core of a firms business model, and economic goals are balanced against social goals.
Q:
The _____ model holds that the firm should be managed for the sole benefit of stockholders.
Q:
The most influential version of CSR that would fall within the _____ model is stakeholder theory.
Q:
According to philosopher Norman Bowie, _____ is the moral minimum that is expected of every person,
Q:
Philosopher Norman Bowie identifies his approach as a _____theory of business ethics.
Q:
The philanthropic model in which business support for a social cause is done simply because it is the right thing to do differs from the reputational version of the philanthropic model only in terms of the underlying _____.
Q:
According to the economic model of CSR, _____ is a direct measure of how well a business firm is meeting societys expectations.
Q:
According to the _____ model of CSR, the social responsibility of business managers is simply to pursue profit within the law.
Q:
_____ is generally referred to as the responsibilities that a business has to the society in which it operates.
Q:
According to David Vogel, which of the following should a firm be most cautious about when engaging in CSR activities?
a. Investing in CSR when consumers are not willing to pay higher prices to support that investment.
b. Employees may become over-indulgent in activities related to social causes.
c. Attrition levels may rise due to indifference among employees engaging in activities related to social responsibility.
d. The easily measurable ethical pay off can turn out to be lower than the anticipated levels.
Q:
Which of the following is the challenge associated with ethical pay offs?
a. It ruins the reputation that triggered it.
b. It is very small in comparison to profits.
c. It is very difficult to measure ethical pay offs.
Answer: c
Q:
Enlightened self-interest, an important justification offered for corporate social responsibility, presumes that:
a. measurement of bottom-line impact of ethical decision making is unimportant.
b. profits are independent of ethics.
c. bottom-line impact of ethical decision making can be measured and compared.
d. good ethics can also be good business.
Q:
The practice of attending to the image of a firm is referred to as:
a. reputation management.
b. branding.
c. crisis management.
d. gentrification.
Q:
When a firm engages in socially responsible activities with a prime focus on reputation:
a. social responsibility tend to become a form of social marketing.
b. the measure of positive reputation gained is impossible to calculate.
c. profits have to be sacrificed for social causes.
d. it always loses employee loyalty.
Q:
Which of the following versions of corporate social responsibility suggests that the long-term financial well-being of every firm is directly tied to questions of how the firm both affects and is affected by the natural environment?
a. Social web
b. Philanthropic
c. Social entrepreneurship
d. Sustainability
Q:
Which of the following is an example of a firm that is failing its fundamental social responsibility?
a. A firm that has its loss margins exceeding its profit margins
b. A firm that uses resources at unsustainable rates
c. A firm that is financially unstable
d. A firm that prioritizes environmental sustainability
Q:
Sustainability holds that:
a. a firms financial goals must be balanced against environmental considerations.
b. a firm must place social considerations below tasks beneficial to its growth.
c. a firm must not prioritize social goals at the expense of economic growth.
d. a firms sustenance is affected by overemphasis on environmental considerations.
Q:
The for-profit organizations that prioritize social entrepreneurship and sustainability as a central part of their strategic mission are pursuing the _____ model of CSR.
a. integrative
b. economic
c. social web
d. philanthropic
Q:
The tension that prevails when an organization tries to meet both social and economic responsibilities is generally overcome by:
a. utilizing a small percentage of profit on social causes.
b. doing charitable work to build a good reputation within the community.
c. pursuing social ends as the very core of an organizations mission.
d. emphasizing the importance of achieving the desired economic goals.
Q:
A firm that balances its social goals against economic goals and does justice to both is said to follow the:
a. integrative model of corporate social responsibility.
b. economic model of corporate social responsibility.
c. social web model of corporate social responsibility.
d. stakeholder model of corporate social responsibility.
Q:
Corporate managers who fail to give due consideration to the rights of employees and other concerned groups in the pursuit of profit are treating these groups as means to the ends of stockholders. This is unjust according to the _____.
a. financial framework
b. classical tradition
c. rights-based ethical framework
d. stockholder theory
Q:
Which of the following is a similarity between utilitarianism and stakeholder theory?
a. Both place organizational benefits above other considerations.
b. Both consider the consequences of management decisions for the well-being of all affected groups.
c. Both contribute to society in ways that go beyond the narrow obligations of law and economics.
d. Both strive to focus only on consumers.
Q:
_____ theory argues that the narrow economic model fails both as an accurate descriptive and as a reasonable normative account of business management.
a. Sustainability
b. Stakeholder
c. Classical
d. Attributive
Q:
An individual who argues that firms should be managed for the sole benefit of stockholders is defending the:
a. philanthropic model of CSR.
b. social web model of CSR.
c. integrative model of CSR.
d. economic model of CSR.
Q:
Stakeholder theory is an example of the:
a. philanthropy model of corporate social responsibility.
b. social web model of corporate social responsibility.
c. economic model of corporate social responsibility.
d. stockholder model of corporate social responsibility.
Q:
Which of the following theories recognizes the fact that every business decision affects a wide variety of peoplebenefiting some and imposing costs on others?
a. Stakeholder theory
b. Integrative theory
c. Altruistic theory
d. Institutional theory
Q:
According to the philosopher Norman Bowie, the contractual duty that managers have to stockholder-owners:
a. makes them focus on philanthropy.
b. makes them feel obliged to perform social good and prevent harm to the society.
c. overrides their responsibility to prevent harm or to do good.
d. leads them to take environment-conscious managerial decisions.
Q:
According to philosopher Norman Bowie, managers have a responsibility to maximize profits as long as they:
a. respect human rights and cause no harm.
b. contribute to charitable organizations.
c. are confident and do charitable work.
d. adhere to rules and regulations.
Q:
According to Norman Bowie, the moral minimum that we expect of every personeither acting as individuals or within corporate institutionsis:
a. basic spirituality.
b. respect for human rights.
c. contribution to charity.
d. accountability.
Q:
Which of the following models of corporate social responsibility considers business a citizen of the society that it operates in?
a. Philanthropic model
b. Economic model
c. Altruistic model
d. Social web model
Q:
Which of the following is true of philanthropy in accordance with the economic model of corporate social responsibility?
a) Philanthropy done for reputational reasons is not fully ethical.
b) Philanthropy done for solely financial benefits is not truly an act of social responsibility.
c) Philanthropy done for financial reasons is ethically responsible.
d) Philanthropy is considered as a social contribution rather than an investment.
Q:
The philanthropic model in which business support for a social cause is done because it is the right thing to do differs from the reputational version only in terms of the:
a. level of social good done.
b. underlying motivation.
c. reach of the social good done.
d. medium used.
Q:
In the philanthropic model of CSR, situations where a business supports a social cause for the purpose of receiving a business benefit in return are not much different from:
a. the economic model of CSR.
b. the stakeholder theory of CSR.
c. the integrative model of CSR.
d. the sustainability theory of CSR.
Q:
Just as individuals have no ethical obligation to contribute to charity or to do volunteer work in their community, business has no ethical obligations to serve wider social goods. But, just as charity is a good thing and something that we all want to encourage, business should be encouraged to contribute to society in ways that go beyond the narrow obligations of law and economics. Identify the model of CSR that reflects this line of thought.
a. Integrative model
b. Stakeholder theory
c. Philanthropic model
d. Social web model
Q:
The _____ model of CSR holds that, like individuals, business is free to contribute to social causes as a matter of philanthropy, and business has no strict obligation to contribute to social causes; but it can be a good thing when they do so.
a. economic
b. social web
c. philanthropic
d. integrative
Q:
Which of the following statements is true about the philanthropic model of corporate social responsibility?
a. This model holds that business has no strict obligation to contribute to social causes, but it can be a good thing when they do so.
b. This model views business as a citizen of the society in which it operates and, like all members of a society, business must conform to the normal ethical duties and obligations.
c. This model begins with the recognition that every business decision affects a wide variety of people, benefiting some and imposing costs on others.
d. This model holds that a firms financial goals must be balanced against, and perhaps even overridden by, environmental considerations.
Q:
Which of the following ethical requirements is the type of responsibility established by the precedents of tort law?
a. Duty to not cause avoidable harm to the society
b. Duty to find employment for employees injured at work
c. Duty to engage in charitable work
d. Duty to volunteer for causes related to the environment
Q:
Which of the following is the most demanding social responsibility?
a. A business should prevent harm even in those cases where it is not the cause.
b. A business should volunteer for society or environment-friendly work.
c. A business should engage in charitable work for the development of the society.
d. A business should not sell a product that causes harm to consumers.
Q:
Corporate social responsibility refers to:
a. those things that businesses ought, or should, do, even if they would rather not.
b. those measures that are taken against the ill treatment of subordinates in a firm.
c. the avoidance of misconduct within an organization.
d. the responsibility that society has to ensure a businesss success.
Q:
Which of the following best describes corporate social responsibility?
a. It refers to the dedication that employees show in meeting organizational goals.
b. It refers to the accountability that a manager has over his subordinates.
c. It refers to the actions for which a business can be held accountable.
d. It refers to the actions that maximize the profit of an organization.
Q:
A narrow view of corporate social responsibility is expressed by the:
a. social web model of corporate social responsibility.
b. integrative model of corporate social responsibility.
c. economic model of corporate social responsibility.
d. philanthropic model of corporate social responsibility.
Q:
Which of the following models of corporate social responsibility holds pursuit of profit as the sole duty of a business?
a. Economic model of corporate social responsibility
b. Philanthropic model of corporate social responsibility
c. Social web model of corporate social responsibility
d. Integrative model of corporate social responsibility