Q&A Hero

Q: Managers must structure the work environment to support ethical conduct and this includes ensuring that reward systems are aligned with the ethics of the firm.

Q: All of the following are part of unproductive conflicts EXCEPT: a. Conflict spirals b. Focus on solving the problem c. Center on personalities d. Conflict avoidance

Q: Referring to a used car price guide to agree on the price during a sales negotiation is an example of which component of Principled Negotiation? a. Invent options for mutual gain b. Insist on objective criteria c. Focus on interests, not positions d. Separate the people from the problem

Q: There are major differences in levels of moral reasoning between men and women.

Q: A farmer concerned about the impact that selling his land will have on his neighbors is addressing which ethical negotiation concern? a. Deception b. Distribution of outcomes c. Impact on outside groups d. None of the above

Q: In Kohlberg's theory, adherence to any principle qualifies as "principled" thinking.

Q: The negotiator who reopens a previous agreement in hopes of gaining more concessions is using which dirty negotiation trick? a. Good guy/bad guy b. Lack of authority c. Bad-faith negotiating d. Many for one

Q: Ethical conflict is almost exclusively influenced by individual differences.

Q: Kohlberg argued that the higher the reasoning stage, the more ethical the decision.

Q: Any ethical apology begins with a. Expression of regret for the harm caused b. An explanation for the problematic behavior c. An effort to repair the damage d. Acknowledgement that an offense has occurred

Q: Which of the following is a source of organizational conflict? a. Procedures b. Values c. Roles d. All of the above

Q: According to cognitive moral development theory, the actual moral decision is not as important as the reasoning process used to arrive at it.

Q: According to Kohlberg, as individuals move forward through the sequence of stages they are cognitively capable of comprehending all reasoning stages below and above their own.

Q: Recognizing hot buttons is key to which phase of managing negative emotions during a conflict? a. Slowing down b. Cooling down c. Engaging constructively d. Reorienting

Q: Dirk admits that he overreacted during the meeting. He is engaged in which conciliatory conflict management tactic? a. Concession b. Supportive remark c. Acceptance of responsibility d. None of the above

Q: Training, whether in groups, peer to peer, or using DVD to deliver the content, has been shown to be ineffective in helping employees become ethically aware.

Q: MaryJo tells Fredrico, "I didn't mean to disrupt your meeting." She is engaged in which analytic conflict management tactic? a. Disclosing statement b. Descriptive statement c. Qualifying statement d. Solicitation of criticism

Q: Neutral language can be used to make an unethical action seem less problematic.

Q: When describing a situation, the type of language used does not affect moral awareness.

Q: All of the following are signs of a dysfunctional conflict EXCEPT: a. Problem focus b. Conflict spirals c. Negative emotions d. Conflict avoidance

Q: With the advent of technology, fewer people look to others in their social environment for guidance in ethical dilemma situations.

Q: Which of the following is a part of the definition of conflict? a. Hidden struggle b. Compatible goals c. Dependence on one another d. All of the above

Q: Which is a true statement about aggressive behavior? a. Aggressive behavior can have many forms. b. Aggressive behavior can be more indirect and more passive. c. Aggressive behaviors are conscious actions that hurt or injure. d. All of the above

Q: If an individual does not recognize that he or she is facing an ethical dilemma, then ethical judgment is likely not to occur.

Q: Graham knew he failed his staff and he wanted to regain their trust after the conflict. What is a simple positive step Graham could do? a. Avoid talking with his staff for at least a week to avoid any awkward moments. b. Keep on as usual and never acknowledge that the conflict happened. c. Present a strategic vision to help people buy-in to his leadership. d. Offer a genuine apology and acknowledge his personal commitment to growth.

Q: You are working with an important vendor who has offered you a "sweet" deal. However, the vendor has made it clear that he wants a decision now and your internal warning system (i.e. your gut) is telling you that this deal might be an ethical dilemma. Using what you have learned from this chapter, briefly describe how you should proceed. Will you answer him now? How will you think about the "dilemma" and respond to the vendor?

Q: Discuss the disclosure rule and the ethical role model rule. When might the disclosure rule be most helpful? When might the role model rule be most helpful?

Q: If Heather likes to produce rapid results and prod her co-workers in the process, her conflict style might be considered: a. Accommodating b. Compromising c. Competing d. Collaboration

Q: Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once) a) Deontological approach b) Teleological approach c) Virtue ethics approach A major challenge is deciding which duty, obligation, right, or principle takes precedence.

Q: Which conflict style reflects a low concern for self and a high concern for others? a. Accommodating b. Compromising c. Competing d. Collaboration

Q: Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once) a) Deontological approach b) Teleological approach c) Virtue ethics approach The rights of a minority group can easily be sacrificed for the benefit of the majority (for example, slavery in the United States).

Q: Which conflict style usually produces the best opportunity for agreement and usually proves to have successful results? a. Avoidance b. Compromise c. Competition d. Collaboration

Q: Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once) a) Deontological approach b) Teleological approach c) Virtue ethics approach It is difficult to obtain the information required to evaluate all of the consequences for all indirect and direct stakeholders.

Q: Carmelita noticed her supervisor was micromanaging the project, which felt very controlling. In efforts to be a contributing team member, Carmelita might find it BEST to choose to: a. Meet with the supervisor one-on-one to ask questions about the supervisor's perspective on the project. b. Meet with the whole team and talk about the supervisor's micromanagement issues. c. Make sarcastic remarks every time the supervisor is around hoping that he will get a hint. d. Quit the project and let the supervisor finish.

Q: Terry's boss just made a degrading remark on his presentation report. What would be a positive FIRST step for Terry? a. Reply back with a degrading comment to the boss. b. Take a few seconds to cool down and think through what's best to say. c. Blame a co-worker for the work done. d. Ignore the comment and move forward with the plan.

Q: Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once) a) Deontological approach b) Teleological approach c) Virtue ethics approach An individual's principles may be in conflict with what is best and causes the least amount of harm to another individual. For example, an individual who believes that he or she should not lie would be conflicted about telling the Nazi's he or she is hiding Jews in the basement.

Q: Which is a TRUE statement about dysfunctional conflict? a. Avoidance may be a tactic with dysfunctional conflict b. The conflict usually centers around the personalities of those involved c. Strong negative emotions like sarcasm may be used d. All of the above

Q: Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once) a) Deontological approach b) Teleological approach c) Virtue ethics approach This approach that stresses community standards is limited in business because in many areas of business there is limited agreement about what the standards are.

Q: Which is a true statement? a. Conflict should be avoided at all costs b. Conflict makes relationships worse c. Conflict can promote personal and relational growth d. Conflict always resolves itself

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once) a) Deontological approach b) Teleological (or Consequential) approach c) Virtue ethics approach Focuses on the results or consequences of the decision or action.

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once) a) Deontological approach b) Teleological (or Consequential) approach c) Virtue ethics approach A philosophical tradition that began with Aristotle and primarily considers the actor's character, motivations, and intentions.

Q: Explain the Principle of Veracity.

Q: When it comes to emotional labor, why is surface acting more harmful than deep acting?

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once) a) Deontological approach b) Teleological (or Consequential) approach c) Virtue ethics approach For example, followers of this approach would rely on Western biblical tradition or moral intuition for guidance.

Q: Identify the ethical dangers posed by the Pygmalion Effect.

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once) a) Deontological approach b) Teleological (or Consequential) approach c) Virtue ethics approach The______________ approach best known as consequentialist theory is Utilitarianism.

Q: Why should we be concerned about the ethics of impression management?

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once) a) Deontological approach b) Teleological (or Consequential) approach c) Virtue ethics approach Focuses on the integrity of the moral actor.

Q: Describe the four channels for communicating expectations to others.

Q: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)a) Deontological approachb) Teleological (or Consequential) approachc) Virtue ethics approach"What kind of world would this be if everyone behaved this way or made this kind of decision in this type of situation?"

Q: How can you ensure that impression managers don't unfairly influence your decisions?

Q: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)a) Deontological approachb) Teleological (or Consequential) approachc) Virtue ethics approachFocuses on doing what is "right" based on broad, absolute and universal moral principles or values

Q: Explain the three stages of the empowerment process.

Q: Which of these is the final step in the sound ethical decision making in business? a) Define the ethical issues b) Gather the facts c) Identify the affected parties d) Check your gut

Q: Explain the elements of psychological empowerment.

Q: Which of these is the first step in the sound ethical decision making in business? a) Define the ethical issues b) Gather the facts c) Identify the affected parties d) Check your gut

Q: How does emotional labor differ from other forms of impression management?

Q: The __________ challenges one to ask, "how would you feel if your behavior appeared in The Wall Street Journal?" a) veil of ignorance b) categorical imperative c) disclosure rule d) confession constraint

Q: Why is mistakenly giving out the wrong information NOT considered a lie?

Q: The _____ approach focuses more on the integrity of the moral actor (the person) than on the moral act itself (the decision or behavior). a) utilitarian b) deontological c) teleological d) virtue ethics

Q: Emotional labor is directed at other members of the organization. a. True b. False

Q: A major challenge of _____ approaches is deciding which duty, obligation, right, or principle takes precedence because, as we said earlier, ethical dilemmas often pit these against each other. a) utilitarian b) deontological c) teleological d) consequentialist

Q: Hard power is linked to organizational position. a. True b. False

Q: A ________ focuses on doing what is "right" (based on moral principles or values such as honesty), whereas a _________ focuses on doing what will maximize societal welfare. a) utilitarian; virtue follower b) deontologist; consequentialist c) virtue follower; utilitarian d) consequentialist; deontologist

Q: Information is the most important resource for empowerment. a. True b. False

Q: The ___________ states that an ethical decision should maximize benefits to society and minimize harms. a) principle of value b) theory of cost-benefit analysis c) principle of efficacy d) principle of utility

Q: It is possible to unintentionally lie. a. True b. False

Q: ______ is probably the best-known consequentialist theory. a) Utilitarianism b) The disclosure rule c) Deontological d) Principle of value

Q: Women are more influenced by the expectancies of their managers than are men. a. True b. False

Q: The prescriptive approach is to ____________ as the descriptive approach is to _____________. a) psychology; philosophy b) philosophy; psychology c) would; does d) none of the above

Q: You can become more powerful by giving power away. a. True b. False

Q: The ___________ approach to ethical decision making focuses on what decision an individual should make. a) prescriptive b) descriptive c) illustrative d) regulatory

Q: Organizational politics involves the use of unofficial or informal power. a. True b. False

Q: The ___________ approach to ethical decision making focuses on how people actually make ethical decisions. a) prescriptive b) descriptive c) illustrative d) regulatory

Q: Having too little power can lead to unethical behavior. a. True b. False

Q: A _______________ is any person or group with a stake in the issue at hand. a) stakeholder b) large customer c) community committee d) government party

Q: Power linked to an organizational position is more dangerous than power linked to the person a. True b. False

Q: Generally, ethical dilemmas are not routine. Therefore, there is no way that an individual can be prepared or informed for a problem ahead of time.

Q: Some forms of power are inherently immoral. a. True b. False

Q: Although all of the philosophical approaches have limitations, an individual must choose one approach and follow its guidance in every situation.