Q&A Hero

Q: Which can be a TRUE statement? a. Standing alone on an issue will win the admiration of your team members b. Teams with like-minded perspectives have an advantage over diverse groups c. Standing alone on an issue within a group can cause beneficial friction d. Standing alone on an issue never persuades anyone to your side of the argument.

Q: Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) People issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources A product is unsafe for human consumption.

Q: Joe liked his group members but he lacked confidence in his team to finish the project. This is an example of: a. Low valence b. Low instrumentality c. Low expectancy d. All of the above

Q: Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) People issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources Discriminating against an employee.

Q: Social loafing is: a. The tendency of an individual to ease their efforts when the rest of the group is working b. A person's work pace in the work environment c. The concept of everyone holding his/her own "piece of the pie" d. An individual's high need to accomplish more than is realistically possible

Q: Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) People issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources Accepting a bribe.

Q: Which is a TRUE statement? a. Fostering cooperation can be key to successful project management b. Western culture typically fosters individualism and competition c. Teams and groups are generally more successful if there is a joint focus or vision d. All of the above

Q: Under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) will pay _____ percent of the amount the government recovers from financial fraud if the whistleblower provides original information leading to a recovery of more than a million dollars. a) 10 to 30 b) 40 to 50 c) 5 to 8 d) 50 to 75

Q: Outline specific steps you can take to manage your emotions in a conflict situation.

Q: Which of the following is true? a) If you find out that your manager is behaving unethically, you should go directly to the CEO of the company before talking with anyone else. b) Issues that involve employee or customer rights are not serious enough to consider "blowing the whistle." c) Under the False Claims Act, you can receive 15 to 30 percent of whatever damages the federal government recovers if you blow the whistle on government fraud. d) Most whistle-blowing cases are not resolved until they are reported outside of the company.

Q: Contrast integrative and distributive approaches to negotiation.

Q: Guidelines on "How to Blow the Whistle" suggest all of these EXCEPT: a) Approach your immediate manager first if you can (your manager isn't involved in the problem). b) Avoid the issue with your family. c) Take it to the next level. d) Consider going outside your chain of command.

Q: Explain the three categories of ethical issues in negotiation.

Q: Identify factors that contribute to sexual harassment.

Q: Kathleen Reardon encourages us to think about courage at work as "calculated risk taking." She recommends that you do all of the following EXCEPT: a) Ask yourself about your intentions. b) Ignore power and influence. c) Weigh the risks and benefits of action. d) Think about timing.

Q: When a statement is "off the record," this means: a) Anything you told the reporter before you said "off the record" cannot be used in the reporter's story. b) Your identity is completely protected; no one will be able to figure out the information came from you. c) A reporter cannot put any of the information you provided in his or her story. d) A reporter can use the information you provided in a story as long as the remarks are not attributed directly to you.

Q: Explain the social causes of aggression.

Q: Which of the following is most likely an appropriate "gift" to accept from a vendor? a) A discount on personal items purchased from the vendor b) Dinner for you and your wife at Applebee's c) Four tickets to the Super Bowl d) A cash gift of $1,400

Q: What are the elements of a sexually hostile work environment?

Q: ____________ is a type of sexual harassment wherein a worker is made to feel uncomfortable because of unwelcome actions relating to sexuality. a) Quid pro quo b) Section 7 harassment c) Hostile work environment d) Power-relations

Q: Why can we expect more conflicts in the future?

Q: _____________ is a type of sexual harassment wherein an individual believes that sexual favors are a requirement for advancement in the workplace. a) Quid pro quo b) Section 7 harassment c) Hostile work environment d) Power-relations

Q: Mobbing is bullying carried out by a group.a. Trueb. False

Q: Which of the following is false? a) Sexual harassment is any unwelcome sexually oriented behavior that makes someone feel uncomfortable. b) Sexual harassment is objective. c) Sexual harassment is determined from the point of view of a "reasonable" person regardless of the harasser's intentions. d) Sexual harassment generally involves issues of power and not romance.

Q: An integrative approach to bargaining encourages unethical behavior. a. True b. False

Q: Which of the following is true? a) Discrimination is an intentional bias that affects behavior. b) Discrimination occurs whenever something other than qualifications affects how an employee is treated. c) Discrimination is prohibited under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 against individuals who are under 40 years old against age discrimination. d) Discrimination is always overt and clear.

Q: ___________ refers to the fairness of exchanges: "You did this for me and I'll do that for you." a) Reciprocity b) Equality c) Impartiality d) Shared resources

Q: Sexual harassment is a form of aggression generally directed at women. a. True b. False

Q: Which of the following is true? a) Cognitive biases are the result of trying to reduce uncertainty and simplify the world. b) Cognitive biases are an individual difference and do not affect all human beings in the same way. c) Business executives and students are generally reserved about their knowledge of the facts. d) People are generally good at thinking of the consequences of their decisions outside of their immediate family and friends.

Q: A negotiator's interest is his or her public stance. a. True b. False

Q: Which of these terms is used to describe individuals who act in self-interested, opportunistic, deceptive, and manipulative ways to win no matter what the cost or how it affects other people? a) Relativism b) Idealism c) Locus of control d) Machiavellianism

Q: The rate of sexual harassment experienced by female college students is roughly the same as that encountered by female workers. a. True b. False

Q: Gender harassment consists of unwanted sexual comments and sexual behaviors. a. True b. False

Q: Those with higher __________ are more likely to avoid pressure to violate social norms because _____________. a) internal locus of control; they typically act at the postconventional level of moral reasoning. b) external locus of control; they believe in luck. c) internal locus of control; they believe they are in charge of their own fate. d) external locus of control; they typically act at the postconventionl level of moral reasoning.

Q: Which of the following is true? a) People's locus of control is relatively stable, but can change over time. b) People are born with a particular locus of control. c) People are either internal or external. Locus of control is not a continuum. d) People with high external locus of control believe their life is a product of their own efforts.

Q: In "quid pro quo" sexual harassment, victims claim that they have to work in hostile working conditions. a. True b. False

Q: Those who display a high level of moral reasoning are more likely use a compromise conflict style. a. True b. False

Q: Roger believes that his success at work is primarily the result of his own efforts and hard work. Roger can be characterized by: a) high internal locus of control b) high external locus of control c) Stage 2 moral reasoning d) Stage 4 moral reasoning

Q: Sally attributes her success at work to luck. Sally can be characterized by: a) high internal locus of control b) high external locus of control c) Stage 2 moral reasoning d) Stage 4 moral reasoning

Q: Task oriented conflicts can become dysfunctional if they last too long. a. True b. False

Q: Which of the following is false? a) Moral reasoning can be increased through training. b) A more-principled individual is less likely to cheat. c) When an organization's leader is characterized by high moral development, the entire ethical climate of the organization is stronger. d) Employee satisfaction and commitment are not related to the leader's moral development.

Q: Unproductive conflicts are marked by escalation and avoidance. a. True b. False

Q: Most adults are at the ____________ level of cognitive moral development and their action is ____________. a) Conventional; based on avoidance of punishment. b) Conventional; based on what others think, say, and do. c) Postconventional; based on the best outcome for society. d) Postconventional; based on their religion or guiding principles.

Q: Any effective apology begins with _______________.

Q: ______________ consists of rude, discourteous actions.

Q: At which stage of Kohlberg's Cognitive Moral Development Model, the emphasis is still on rules and laws because these represent the recognized social contract, but this stage thinker is willing to question the law and to consider changing the law for socially useful purposes? a) Stage 3 b) Stage 5 c) Stage 2 d) Stage 4

Q: ____________________ aggression involves destructive words and deeds.

Q: At what stage of Kohlberg's Cognitive Moral Development Model, what is right is judged in terms of a "you scratch my back, I'll scratch yours" reciprocal relationship? a) Stage 3 b) Stage 5 c) Stage 2 d) Stage 4

Q: ________________ negotiators employ a win-lose conflict management style.

Q: Which of the following is false? a) Lawrence Kohlberg developed the cognitive moral development theory by studying male adult behavior. b) The cognitive moral development theory focuses primarily on how people decide what course of action is morally right. c) Cognitive moral development is an individual difference that impacts the way people think about an ethical dilemma. d) Individuals can comprehend and use all stages of reasoning below their own.

Q: In a _____________________ work environment, women believe that working conditions interfere with their job performance.

Q: According to cognitive moral development theory, individuals move to a higher reasoning stage: a) Every time they encounter a more difficult ethical dilemma. b) When there is a contradiction between his or her current moral reasoning stage and the next higher one. c) As they grow older. d) None of the above. An individual's level of moral reasoning does not change after he or she becomes an adult.

Q: A person's emphasis on ethical principles being dependent on the situation rather than being applicable to all situations refers to which of these? a) Relativism b) Idealism c) Locus of control d) Machiavellianism

Q: In _________________ sexual harassment, individuals are coerced into providing sexual favors in return for getting jobs and promotions.

Q: Research has found that people are more likely to be ethically aware, to recognize the ethical nature of an issue or decision, if all of these things happen EXCEPT: a) if they believe that their peers will consider it to be ethically problematic. b) if ethical language is used to present the situation to the decision maker. c) if the decision is seen as having the potential to produce serious harm to others. d) if superiors in the organization do not see it as an issue but subordinates do.

Q: A ___________ conflict style focuses on meeting personal needs at the expense of others.

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) confirmation bias b) illusion of optimism c) illusion of control d) illusion of superiority Tendency to overestimate the likelihood of good future events.

Q: To increase the moral intensity of sexual harassmenta. Respond immediately to harassing behaviorb. Encourage offenders to acknowledge personal accountability for actionsc. Make offenders aware of the destructive impact of their behaviorsd. All of the above

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) confirmation bias b) illusion of optimism c) illusion of control d) illusion of superiority Tendency to attend to the information that endorses the decision we prefer.

Q: All of the following are elements of a hostile work environment for women EXCEPT: a. Repeatedly asking for a date b. Placing a lewd picture on the wall c. Making abusive comments to both men and women d. Making sexual remarks

Q: Which is a personal cause of aggression? a. Inflated self-esteem b. Job stressors c. Oppressive supervision d. Use of alcohol

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) confirmation bias b) illusion of optimism c) illusion of control d) illusion of superiority Unconscious distortion of information in order to maintain a positive self-image.

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) confirmation bias b) illusion of optimism c) illusion of control d) illusion of superiority Tendency to underestimate risks because of the belief that we are in charge of what happens.

Q: Aggressive organizational members encourage their coworkers to become aggressive as well. This is describes which source of organizational aggression? a. Aggressive models b. Direct provocation c. Interference d. Displaced aggression

Q: Reference: Matching Kohlberg's Levels of Moral Reasoning a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Stage 4 e) Stage 5 f) Stage 6 Considers the possibility of changing the law for socially useful purposes.

Q: ___________ involves repeated, unwanted behaviors designed to humiliate victims. a. Incivility b. Violence c. Bullying d. None of the above

Q: Reference: Matching Kohlberg's Levels of Moral Reasoning a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Stage 4 e) Stage 5 f) Stage 6 "You scratch my back, I'll scratch yours."

Q: Being aware of the emotions of the other party is critical in which stage of the Principled Negotiation Model? a. Focus on interests, not positions b. Invent options for mutual gain c. Insist on objective criteria d. Separate the people from the problem

Q: Reference: Matching Kohlberg's Levels of Moral Reasoning a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Stage 4 e) Stage 5 f) Stage 6 Focused on following the rules or laws that are designed to promote the common good.

Q: Offering to repair the damage takes place in which element of an effective apology? a. Acknowledgement b. Remorse c. Reparations d. Explanation

Q: Reference: Matching Kohlberg's Levels of Moral Reasoning a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Stage 4 e) Stage 5 f) Stage 6 Focused on avoiding punishment.

Q: What is the FIRST step in keeping negative emotions from getting out of control during conflicts? a. Engage constructively b. Cool down c. Slow down d. Find a conflict partner

Q: Reference: Matching Kohlberg's Levels of Moral Reasoning a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Stage 4 e) Stage 5 f) Stage 6 Focused on interpersonal trust and social approval.

Q: Alan criticizes his secretary because he can't criticize his boss. This is an example of a. Direct provocation b. Displaced aggression c. Frustration d. Aggressive model

Q: An effective way to avoid decision-making weaknesses and biases is to become aware of them and to incorporate steps into decision-making that are explicitly aimed at reducing their impact.

Q: Refusing to acknowledge a coworker when passing in the hall is an example of __________. a. Incivility b. Bullying c. Mobbing d. Cyberbullying

Q: In organizations, individuals high on Machiavellianism are significantly more likely to have unethical intentions and to engage in unethical behavior including accepting kickbacks.

Q: Spreading malicious rumors or gossip about a supervisor is an example of which type of aggressive behavior? a. Physical-active-direct b. Physical-passive-indirect c. Verbal-active-indirect d. Verbal-passive-indirect

Q: An organization led by a leader high in cognitive moral development establishes a much stronger ethical climate in the organization.

Q: Which is a social cause of aggression? a. Inflated self-esteem b. Job stressors c. Perceived unfairness d. Direct provocation