Q&A Hero

Q: _____________ messages are judgmental statements.

Q: Loyalty is paramount in business and employees who question unethical direction or an unethical boss are doomed.

Q: _______________ leaders have frequent contact with members of more than one team.

Q: Alignment of the goals and rewards of an organization with the organization's values is essential because employees will generally do what is measured and rewarded.

Q: ______________ group members achieve their objectives at the expense of others in the group.

Q: Most people, according to cognitive moral development, are looking outside of themselves for guidance on decision-making. This means that stated organizational policy can be an important source of guidance foe employees in making decisions.

Q: Genocide, human rights violations and other atrocities are often the product of ___________.

Q: Research has found that employees working in organizations with an enforced code of ethics report that they engage in less unethical behavior.

Q: In _____________________, groups impose their own rules that overly restrict their members.

Q: Research has found that executive ethical leadership is critical to investors but not the employees.

Q: Continuing in a failed course of action is called ________________.

Q: An ethically neutral leader is not clearly unethical, but is perceived to be more self-centered and more focused on the bottom line.

Q: Mismanaged agreement is also referred to as ______________________.

Q: Unethical leaders can just as negatively affect the culture of a company as ethical leaders can affect the ethical culture.

Q: In project teams, effective leaders require that members __________________ their work through memos and reports.

Q: In ___________________ members publicly support decisions they oppose in private.

Q: The US Sentencing Guidelines call for more attention to developing and maintaining the ethical culture of the organization.

Q: A 2006 study found that 82 percent of Americans would prefer to be paid less but work for an ethical company than be paid more and work for an unethical company.

Q: In _________________, group members take more chances than they would on their own.

Q: An ethical culture is maintained through alignment between the formal and informal systems.

Q: _____________ refers to an individual's willingness to talk about problems while ________ describes the desire to help others succeed.

Q: Organization cultures are maintained through formal systems alone.

Q: __________________ refers to the expectation that my individual effort will lead to high group performance.

Q: Organization cultures vary widely, even within the same industry.

Q: Individuals who reduce their efforts when working in a group are engaged in ____________.

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) Heroes b) Norms c) Rituals d) Myths Anecdotes about a sequence of events drawn from an organization's history.

Q: In ______________________, ordinary people commit crimes while carrying out their daily organizational duties. a. Unforeseen evil b. Ordinary evil c. Administrative evil d. Silent evil

Q: Groups engaged in moral exclusion divide the world into those who deserve sympathy and those who don't. This reflects which element of the exclusion process? a. Group categorizations are salient b. Conflicts of interest are salient c. Moral justifications are prominent d. Unjust procedures are described as expedient

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) Heroes b) Norms c) Rituals d) Myths Symbolic figures who set standards of performance by modeling certain behaviors.

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) Heroes b) Norms c) Rituals d) Myths Standards of behavior that are accepted as appropriate by members of a group.

Q: Withholding additional funding is a good strategy for preventing a. Groupthink b. Escalation of commitment c. Mismanaged agreement d. Concertive control

Q: All of the following are causes of escalation of commitment EXCEPT: a. Risky shift b. Want to justify earlier choices c. Overconfidence d. All of the above

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) Heroes b) Norms c) Rituals d) Myths Symbolically tells employees what the organization wants them to do and how it expects them to do it.

Q: In your highly cohesive project team, a group member declares, "We are by far the best group in the class!" This could be a sign that your project group is suffering from a. Collective rationalization b. Self-censorship c. Stereotypes of outside groups d. The illusion of invulnerability

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) Strong organizational culture b) Weak organizational culture c) Socialization (or enculturation) Process promoted through formal and informal transmission of norms.

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) Strong organizational culture b) Weak organizational culture c) Socialization (or enculturation) Subcultures within divisions or departments that are more likely to guide behavior.

Q: Which is a good strategy for preventing groupthink? a. Don't express a preference for a particular solution as a leader b. Divide into subgroups for discussions c. Keep the group in contact with other groups d. All of the above

Q: Which of the following is a sign of closed-mindedness in a group? a. Pressure on dissenters b. Illusion of invulnerability c. Stereotypes of outside groups d. Belief in the inherent morality of the group

Q: Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) Strong organizational culture b) Weak organizational culture c) Socialization (or enculturation) Standards and guidelines that are known and widely shared by all.

Q: "You'll get over it" is an example of which type of defensive message? a. Strategic b. Neutral c. Controlling d. Evaluative

Q: When something is divided between two people according to the worth and inputs of the two individuals, it is said to be ___________ and represents one component of "fairness." a) reasonable b) impartial c) equitable d) unbiased

Q: Identify the three components that are used to define "fairness." a) reciprocity, equality, and impartiality b) reasonableness, equality, and sensitivity c) reciprocity, equity, and impartiality d) joint understanding, equality, and neutrality

Q: Which type of supportive message signals a willingness to collaborate? a. Descriptive b. Spontaneous c. Empathetic d. Problem oriented

Q: The broad categories of typical ethical problems individuals face in the workplace include all of the following excepta) Human resources issuesb) Conflicts of interestc) Customer Confidence Issuesd) Use of Corporate Resourcese) Leadership concerns

Q: Natalie is convinced the project will fail but doesn't speak up because she fears her team members will no longer socialize with her if she does. She is experiencing ____________. a. Fear of separation b. Negative fantasies c. Action anxiety d. Real risk

Q: In groupthink, which is a sign of group pressure? a. The illusion of unanimity b. Belief in the inherent morality of the group c. Stereotypes of outside groups d. The illusion of invulnerability

Q: Facebook, LinkedIn and other social networking sites are immune from ethical challenges as that which you post on these sites is personal and may not be examined by your firm.

Q: In groupthink, certain members take it upon themselves to protect the leader from dissenting opinions. This symptom is called? a. Illusion of unanimity b. Self-censorship c. Self-appointed mindguards d. Collective rationalization

Q: All of the following influence the motivation of group members EXCEPT: a. Expectancy b. Instrumentality c. Valence d. Foresightedness

Q: As a senior executive, it makes sense for you to use the firm's corporate letterhead to write references for employees leaving the firm who have previously served the firm well.

Q: Which of the following encourages cooperation? a. Individual rewards b. Threats c. Pursuing a joint product d. None of the above

Q: You should guard your reputation as it is built slowly with countless actions but it can be destroyed in an instant by one foolish mistake.

Q: Conflicts of interest erode trust by making it look s if special favors will be extended for special friends.

Q: All of the following are suggestions for preventing groupthink EXCEPT: a. As a leader, indicate which solution you prefer b. Use a decision-making format c. Bring in outsiders d. Keep in contact with other groups

Q: Transparency is the best policy in holding more than one employment option. Thus, so long as you tell both employers about the work you are doing, the work you perform at either firm is not relevant.

Q: In a small group, _____________ messages signal that the speaker has all the answers while _____________ messages signal that speaker is willing to experiment and change. a. Superiority, equality b. Neutrality, empathetic c. Control, problem orientation d. Certainty, provisionalism

Q: Accepting discounts on personal items from a vendor is acceptable as it enriches the relationship between the parties.

Q: Who is MOST likely to engage in social loafing? a. Men b. Women c. Those of Eastern background d. Conscientious people

Q: Common conflicts of interest include overt or covert bribes and the trading of influence or privileged information.

Q: Which factor is MOST likely to encourage group members to publicly go along with decisions they disagree with in private? a. Action anxiety b. Negative fantasies c. Real risk d. Fear of separation

Q: Zachary works for Step-Up Printing Services during the day and a local diner at night. This is a conflict of interest.

Q: All of the following are true statements about minority opinionEXCEPT: a. Minority opinion has little influence over group decision-making b. Minority opinion encourages problem exploration c. Minority influence is often slow and indirect d. Minority opinion often leads to better solutions

Q: It is important to avoid romance with anyone you supervise for the following reasons: 1) Your judgment is likely to be compromised by the relationship 2) Coworkers are likely to lose respect for both parties and fear preferential treatment.

Q: An employer cannot be held liable for an employee's sexual harassment activities.

Q: ____________________ is an important outcome of open, supportive communication in a group. a. Instrumentality b. Future orientation c. Psychological safety d. None of the above

Q: If an organization has 30 employees, it is not required to have a sexual harassment policy or train employees on these issues.

Q: Which of the following is a superiority statement? a. "When do you think the project will be done? b. "I have more experience than you with this type of problem." c. "That's a really bad idea." d. "I think we should meet again next week, what do you think?"

Q: Employees do not care about the fairness of the decision making procedure as much as they care about the fairness of the outcomes they receive.

Q: Which of the following is a descriptive statement? a. "I am sorry that you feel that way." b. "Let's work on this together." c. "We are behind schedule." d. "You are being naïve."

Q: With human resource issues, the most important word to remember is "fairness."

Q: Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) People issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources Sending personal mail through the company mail room.

Q: All of the following foster cooperation EXCEPT: a. Assign individual products to group members b. Divide the work fairly c. Involve everyone in decision-making d. Carrying through on promises

Q: Ryan is taking his Introduction to Business course pass/fail. As a result, he puts only minimal effort into his class team's project. He reflects a a. Cooperative orientation b. Individualistic orientation c. Competitive orientation d. Distracted orientation

Q: Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) People issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources Keeping a customer's information private.

Q: Which is a trait of excessive control? a. Trying to recoup "sunk costs" b. Putting agreement ahead of good problem solving c. Combines high power with low visibility d. Continuing a failed course of action

Q: Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) People issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources Honestly representing a product in a sales pitch.

Q: Treating insiders better than outsiders is a characteristic of: a. Groupthink b. Mismanaged agreement c. Excessive control d. Moral exclusion

Q: Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) People issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources "How people get along."

Q: The Abilene Paradox is most identified with: a. Groupthink b. Mismanaged agreement c. Excessive control d. Moral exclusion

Q: Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) People issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources Providing a personal reference on corporate letterhead.