Q&A Hero

Q: In order for audience members to respond appropriately to a business message, they must A) remember the message. B) be able to respond to the message. C) be motivated to respond to the message. D) do all of the above. E) do none of the abovecommunication is a simple process that everyone is naturally good at.

Q: A corporate executive who's staked her reputation on an aggressive advertising strategy might use ________ and distort or ignore evidence that suggests the strategy isn't succeeding. A) discrimination B) misapprehension C) selective perception D) stereotypical receptivity E) counterintuitive modeling

Q: Which of the following is not one of the five ways to get the audience to notice your messages? A) Acknowledge the importance of the situation. B) Address the audience's wants and needs. C) Use words, images, and designs that are familiar. D) Consider audience expectations. E) Ensure ease of use.

Q: Uncomfortable meeting rooms, multitasking, and computer screens filled with popup messages are all examples of A) problems with feedback. B) distractions. C) problems with background differences. D) overload problems. E) social media.

Q: The final step in the communication process is A) receiving the message. B) sending the message. C) the audience providing feedback to the sender. D) interpreting the message. E) decoding the message.

Q: In the first step of the communication process, the sender A) decides what to say. B) chooses a communication channel. C) has an idea. D) chooses a communication medium. E) evaluates his or her options.

Q: Define professionalism and list its six distinctive traits.

Q: To adopt an audience-centered approach to communication, what do you need to learn about your audience? List at least three specific attributes.

Q: When does the rumor mill tend to be most active within an organization? Include an example of a situation that might cause the rumor mill to become more active.

Q: As long as employees get the job done, most companies are not concerned with employees meeting expectations of business etiquette.

Q: Emotional intelligence includes the ability to relate to the needs of others.

Q: Within organizations, formal communication is upward and downward, while informal communication is always horizontal.

Q: Most of the information that flows downward in an organization is geared toward helping employees do their jobs.

Q: Evaluating evidence completely and objectively requires ________ skills. A) critical thinking B) relationship building C) downward communication D) professionalism E) team player

Q: An audience-centered approach to communication involves A) saying whatever it takes to win over the members of your audience. B) embedding a layer of technology between you and the members of your audience. C) respecting, understanding and meeting the needs of your audience. D) focusing on how the members of your audience can help you obtain your goals. E) limiting the number of topics covered.

Q: The concept of ________ refers to the ability to relate to the needs of others, which is a vital characteristic of successful managers and leaders. A) interpersonal adaptability B) relational franchising C) emotional intelligence D) macro-generational empathy E) critical thinking

Q: When you adopt ________ to communication, you understand and respect the members of your audience and make every effort to communicate in a way that's meaningful to them. A) an audience-centered approach B) a technology-driven approach C) an egocentric approach D) a performance-maximization approach E) a downward flow approach

Q: To make your communication more effective, A) clearly address your audience's wants and needsnot yours. B) include as much information as possible, even if you're not sure it's necessary. C) prepare the message as if the audience is not interested. D) start by telling the audience how they can help you. E) limit questions.

Q: Generally speaking, limitations of the formal communication network A) discourage employees from taking advantage of social media. B) have not affected the popularity of social media in the business environment. C) have helped to spur the growth of social media in the business environment. D) discourage upward communication. E) hinder the ability to convey executive decisions.

Q: An audience-centered approach to communication involves A) saying whatever it takes to win over the members of your audience. B) embedding a layer of technology between you and your audience members. C) respecting, understanding, and meeting the needs of your audience members. D) focusing on how the members of the audience can help you obtain your goals. E) starting by telling the audience exactly how they can help you.

Q: ________ communication flows between departments to help employees share information, coordinate tasks, and solve complex problems. A) Upward B) Downward C) Horizontal D) Diagonal E) Circular

Q: In most organizations, the rumor mill tends to be particularly active when A) employees are satisfied with their jobs. B) formal communication channels are working efficiently. C) employees are wasting company time. D) the formal communication network is not providing the information employees want. E) there is a lack of gender balance among the employees.

Q: Every organization has ________, which encompasses all communication that occurs outside the lines of command in the company's organizational structure. A) an online social networking presence B) an extraneous communication network C) an informal communication network D) an internal communication network E) a transitional communication system

Q: An example of horizontal communication is A) a junior staff person giving information to a staff supervisor. B) a company briefing held on the organization's ground floor. C) an email message about sick leave sent from one department secretary to a secretary in a different department. D) an email message that sparks a chain of multiple replies. E) a manager sending an email to his or her staff.

Q: An example of downward communication is A) a junior staff person giving information to a staff supervisor. B) a sales manager giving instructions to a salesperson. C) an email message about sick leave from one staff secretary to another. D) a company briefing held on the organization's top floor. E) a conversation between colleagues that quickly becomes hostile.

Q: The term digital information fluency encompasses all of the following elements except A) recognizing information needs. B) searching efficiently to locate reliable sources of information. C) using gathered information ethically. D) using random methods to present ideas and information. E) actively listening to others.

Q: According to the concept of emotional intelligence, if you'll be speaking to people you don't know and you can't find out more about them, A) don't worry because you can adjust to their needs on the fly. B) always put your own needs before their needs. C) rely on chance and circumstance to help you relate to their needs. D) use common sense and imagination to relate to their needs. E) use general and simple terms to ensure understanding.

Q: The quality of performing at a high level and conducting oneself with pride and purpose is known as A) expediency. B) professionalism. C) entrepreneurialism. D) impression management. E) leadership.

Q: Describe five characteristics of effective business messages.

Q: Effective communication helps businesses make stronger decisions based on A) closer ties with communities in the marketplace. B) timely, reliable information. C) clearer and more persuasive marketing messages. D) greater employee engagement. E) earlier warning of potential problems.

Q: How do executives in established firms spend the majority of their time? A) budgeting B) traveling C) communicating D) plying their trade E) buying and selling

Q: All of the following except ________ will make your business messages more effective. A) providing practical information B) clarifying expectations and responsibilities C) presenting information concisely and efficiently D) discussing personal issues and complaining about problems E) showing readers how they will benefit by responding the way you want them to

Q: Which of the following is not a characteristic of effective business messages? A) They provide practical information. B) They present the writer's opinions as facts. C) They state precise audience responsibilities. D) They highlight and summarize essential information. E) They are short.

Q: Which of the following is most affected by effective communication by a company? A) the nation B) the suppliers C) the competitors D) the world E) the stakeholders

Q: Which of the following results in additional pressure on communication skills? A) having great ideas B) rising higher within the organization C) connecting with decision-makers outside of your area of expertise D) established company networks E) the changing nature of employment

Q: Which of the following best describes the communication process? A) transferring information and meaning B) listening actively C) writing messages D) speaking to others E) providing data that benefits the speaker

Q: Motown, Atlantic, and Columbia are the top three record labels globally. a. True b. False

Q: Marshall McLuhan coined the term "Global Village" to denote a version of the world brought closer together by media. a. True b. False

Q: News Corporation is a global media conglomerate headquartered in Hong Kong. a. True b. False

Q: The idea of a "Cultural Exception" is Europe's — notably France's — effort to preserve local cultures in the face of an influx of American media products. a. True b. False

Q: Which of the following correctly link a media conglomeration and its nationality? a. SONY Entertainment–United States b. News Corporation–United Kingdom c. Time Warner–Australia d. Bertelsmann–Germany

Q: Which of the following organizations is the chief regulator of the Internet worldwide? a. ICANN (International Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers b. U.S. Department of Commerce c. United Nations d. World Trade Organization

Q: The world's major media conglomerates are: a. All from North America, Europe, and Japan b. Nearly all from the United States c. Increasingly concentrated in Asia d. Based in every continent

Q: In 1980, the UNESCO and developing countries, out of concern that rich countries dominate information flow, proposed what is called the ______________. a. Information Act b. New World Information and Communication Order c. Telecommunications Act d. Fairness Doctrine

Q: Because they did not have the private investment needed to support major commercial media, developing nations often turned to ____________ to meet informational needs. a. simple newspapers and local newsletters b. private citizens c. their government d. the United Nations

Q: Some people criticized the belief that information should flow freely across national boundaries because: a. The availability of such information might threaten national security b. Only "first-world" nations had plentiful resources to collect and distribute news and information c. Too much information could create chaos d. The free flow of information is almost always impossible

Q: A 1948 United Nations Act stipulated that, in order to be valid, freedom of information depended upon the availability of: a. Commercial-free media outlets b. Programs to teach literacy c. Well-maintained public libraries d. A diversity of sources of news and opinion

Q: In his study of television viewing in the home, David Morley finds that: a. Men and women watch television in the same way b. Men watch television and, at the same time, are involved in other activities c. Women are very attentive to television when they watch d. Women watch television and, at the same time, are involved in other activities

Q: Radway finds that for women who work in the home, the act of reading is: a. A means of political empowerment b. A means of sharing activities with their families c. A means of providing a "free space" d. Pure entertainment

Q: Hunt's study of audience responses to news coverage of the 1992 Los Angeles riot concluded that: a. Audience responses differed by gender b. Audience responses differed by race c. Audience responses differed by class d. There were no significant differences between groups

Q: "Discursive" resources: a. Create passive recipients b. Are cultural tools that help us to decode media texts c. Are the same for everyone d. Are secondary ideologies

Q: Which of the following does not fit with David Morley's theory of audience member? a. Audiences can read the preferred reading b. Audiences can develop a "negotiated" reading c. Audiences are passive viewers d. Audience can read the oppositional reading

Q: The "encoding-decoding" model in media research includes the following except: a. A message constructed by media producers, and its interpretation by the audience b. Audiences using broader cultural codes to interpret the meaning of media texts c. A specific encoded meaning may not result in a specific decoded interpretation d. Programming and using computer codes

Q: When audience members interpret the meaning of media, they are: a. Constrained by their social location in a specific historical circumstance b. Searching for the single, correct meaning c. Free of constraints when interpreting media d. Creating constraints

Q: Entertainment media do not have any political significance. a. True b. False

Q: In the "propaganda model," ordinary citizens set media's agenda. a. True b. False

Q: In priming, media attend to certain aspects of an issue, thereby increasing the sensitivity of audiences to the significance of such information. a. True b. False

Q: Agenda-setting theory assumes minimal effects of media. a. True b. False

Q: Which of the following is not a discrediting technique sometimes used by media against social movements? a. Overestimating the number of demonstrators at a protest b. Downplaying content in favor of spectacle c. Portraying demonstrators as deviant and unrepresentative of the population d. Giving comparable coverage to much smaller counterdemonstrators

Q: Media "framing" refers to: a. The context into which media place facts b. How photographs are cut to emphasize certain elements c. Claims made without any factual basis d. Issues covered in news

Q: Indymedia efforts refer to: a. Promotional websites of independent film companies b. Independent Media Centers that provide alternative news and commentary c. Music file-sharing sites d. A cult movie association

Q: According to cultivation theory, people who watch a great deal of television tend to: a. Become more active in civic and political affairs b. Believe they are better informed about current events, whether or not they actually are c. Internalize many of the distortions of social life presented in the media d. Consume other media more

Q: Agenda-setting refers to the ability of: a. Politicians to influence the media's agenda b. The media to influence the public's agenda c. The public to influence the media's agenda d. The media to influence politicians' agenda

Q: Which of the following is not associated with the minimal effects model? a. Those with strong political beliefs are the most likely to be affected by media coverage. b. Media messages tend to reinforce existing belief. c. Media effects usually occur through a "two-step" flow of influence. d. In understanding voter behavior, social characteristics are more important than media.

Q: Mass society theory argued that the decline of personal bonds in modern society was accompanied by the rise in: a. Cultural fragmentation b. The homogenizing impact of mass media c. Religious beliefs d. The significance of family

Q: The belief that repeated, long-term exposure to violent programs may desensitize some people to the effects of violence is an example of: a. Political socialization theory b. The hypodermic model c. Mass society theory d. Cultivation theory

Q: Which of the following is not one of the significant influences on news content, according to Herman and Chomsky's "propaganda model"? a. The profit orientation of media companies b. Journalists' heavy reliance on official sources c. The liberal bias of individual journalists d. Advertising

Q: The media theory that argued for the direct and immediate influence of media was: a. Political socialization theory b. The hypodermic model c. Minimal effects theory d. Cultivation theory

Q: The growth in the influence of media in political life has been reinforced by: a. A decline in political party organizations b. The growth of cable channels c. The decline of competing newspapers d. The growth of urban population centers

Q: Political candidates have the most control over their own image in: a. Evening news broadcasts b. Newspaper stories c. Campaign commercials d. Televised debates

Q: Which of the following is not associated with the rise of television? a. More political emphasis on appearance and style b. More careful scripting of appearances of politicians c. More structured photo opportunities d. More door-to-door campaigning

Q: The growing importance of television in American political campaigns has led to: a. An increased emphasis on "grassroots" organizations b. A loss of substance in favor of appearance c. More emphasis on carefully crafting party platforms d. More in-depth analysis of issues

Q: Which president used early broadcast media in delivering "fireside chats" via the radio? a. Herbert Hoover b. Franklin Roosevelt c. Harry Truman d. Dwight D. Eisenhower

Q: The media's influence on political life affects: a. Mostly regular citizens b. Mostly political elites and insiders c. Both political elites and regular citizens d. Neither political elites nor regular citizens

Q: The media industry: a. Has powerful political lobbies routinely promoting their interests b. Stays out of politics because it might be perceived as a conflict of interest c. Is prevented from lobbying by FCC regulations d. Is legally allowed to lobby, but almost never does because of conflict of interest concerns

Q: Which of the following media effects theory assumes the strongest media impact on individuals? a. Agenda-setting b. Two-step flow of communication c. Cultivation d. Hypodermic media effects

Q: The following are some major tenets of a mass media theory; The media are often successful in telling their audience what to think about. The media decide which issues are important and which are not. What is this theory? a. Priming b. Framing c. Agenda-setting d. Two-step flow of communication

Q: The idea that American media and culture are so powerful that they subjugate other cultures is called ____. a. cultural imperialism b. hegemony c. ideology d. mainstreaming

Q: The first gay characters appeared in television in the 2000s. a. True b .False

Q: In early Hollywood films of the 1920s and 1930s, the most common roles for blacks were entertainer and servants. a. True b. False