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Biology & Life Science
Q:
Which of the following is least likely to be a cause of extinction?
a. asteroid impact
b. human activity
c. adaptive radiation
d. continental drift
e. climate change
Q:
According to the text, ____ major mass extinction(s) and recovery(ies) has(have) taken place in the past.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
Q:
Polar bears are top predators, and tests on their tissues have shown a surprising
a. resistance to warming.
b. amount of protein.
c. resistance to disease.
d. amount of mercury and organic pesticides.
e. evidence of none of these.
Q:
A U.S. submarine surfaced ____ miles from the nearest land in the arcticand found polar bears hunting on the frozen sea.
a. 100
b. 1,000
c. 500
d. 50,000
e. none of these
Q:
What is unique about hydrothermal vents as an ecosystem?
Q:
What are the two primary factors that can cause deciduous trees to drop their leaves?
Q:
What are the three major factors that impact the type of biome that will exist in a given area?
Q:
Considering the history of the Earth, would the water flow and precipitation patterns have been as they are now?
Q:
An __________ is an enclosed coastal region where seawater mixes with nutrient-rich fresh water from rivers and streams.
Q:
In summer, a __________ prevents upper and lower waters from mixing.
Q:
In temperate-zone lakes, a __________ and a fall overturn cause vertical mixing of waters and trigger a burst of productivity.
Q:
Low-growing, hardy plants of the __________ occur at high latitudes, where there is a layer of __________. At high altitudes, similar plants grow as __________.
Q:
Where a cold, dry season alternates with a cold, rainy season, __________ dominate.
Q:
From the equator to latitudes 10ï‚° north and south, high rainfall, high humidity, and mild temperatures can support __________.
Q:
Vast __________ form in the interior of midlatitude continents.
Q:
__________ are regions with a particular type of dominant vegetation.
Q:
Global air circulation patterns affect climate and the distribution of __________.
Q:
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five biomes listed below.
a. tundra
b. chaparral
c. desert
d. taiga
e. deciduous forest
This biome is most likely to have a population of moose.
Q:
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five biomes listed below.
a. tundra
b. chaparral
c. desert
d. taiga
e. deciduous forest
This biome would be most likely to have a black oak.
Q:
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five biomes listed below.
a. tundra
b. chaparral
c. desert
d. taiga
e. deciduous forest
In this biome you would expect to find soggy masses of undecayed vegetation.
Q:
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five biomes listed below.
a. tundra
b. chaparral
c. desert
d. taiga
e. deciduous forest
Plants in this biome are adapted to periodic fires.
Q:
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five biomes listed below.
a. tundra
b. chaparral
c. desert
d. taiga
e. deciduous forest
In this biome you could find a black spruce.
Q:
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five biomes listed below.
a. tundra
b. grassland
c. desert
d. taiga
e. savanna
Conifers are most likely to be found in this biome.
Q:
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five biomes listed below.
a. tundra
b. grassland
c. desert
d. taiga
e. savanna
This biome has the richest soils.
Q:
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five biomes listed below.
a. tundra
b. grassland
c. desert
d. taiga
e. savanna
Variable daily temperatures and plants that are highly resistant to desiccation characterize this biome.
Q:
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five biomes listed below.
a. tundra
b. grassland
c. desert
d. taiga
e. savanna
A community composed of herbaceous plants, no trees, a very short growing season, and relatively few animal species is likely to be this biome.
Q:
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five biomes listed below.
a. tundra
b. grassland
c. desert
d. taiga
e. savanna
A plant community composed primarily of shrubby trees widely spaced and surrounded by grasses is this biome.
Q:
upwellings
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. northern coniferous forest
b. increases oceanic productivity
c. mosaics of tall, coarse grasses, shrubs, and low trees; even, humid forests; high rainfall
d. stratified on rocky coasts
e. includes sediments and rocks on the ocean bottom
f. stratified communities with vines, orchids, and monkeys, and nutrient-poor soil
g. chemoautotrophs are the primary producers
h. dwarf willows, mosses, lichens, caribou, and permafrost
i. nurseries of the oceans
j. a large region characterized by its large array of dominant primary producers
Q:
tundra
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. northern coniferous forest
b. increases oceanic productivity
c. mosaics of tall, coarse grasses, shrubs, and low trees; even, humid forests; high rainfall
d. stratified on rocky coasts
e. includes sediments and rocks on the ocean bottom
f. stratified communities with vines, orchids, and monkeys, and nutrient-poor soil
g. chemoautotrophs are the primary producers
h. dwarf willows, mosses, lichens, caribou, and permafrost
i. nurseries of the oceans
j. a large region characterized by its large array of dominant primary producers
Q:
tropical rain forest
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. northern coniferous forest
b. increases oceanic productivity
c. mosaics of tall, coarse grasses, shrubs, and low trees; even, humid forests; high rainfall
d. stratified on rocky coasts
e. includes sediments and rocks on the ocean bottom
f. stratified communities with vines, orchids, and monkeys, and nutrient-poor soil
g. chemoautotrophs are the primary producers
h. dwarf willows, mosses, lichens, caribou, and permafrost
i. nurseries of the oceans
j. a large region characterized by its large array of dominant primary producers
Q:
littoral zone
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. northern coniferous forest
b. increases oceanic productivity
c. mosaics of tall, coarse grasses, shrubs, and low trees; even, humid forests; high rainfall
d. stratified on rocky coasts
e. includes sediments and rocks on the ocean bottom
f. stratified communities with vines, orchids, and monkeys, and nutrient-poor soil
g. chemoautotrophs are the primary producers
h. dwarf willows, mosses, lichens, caribou, and permafrost
i. nurseries of the oceans
j. a large region characterized by its large array of dominant primary producers
Q:
taiga
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. northern coniferous forest
b. increases oceanic productivity
c. mosaics of tall, coarse grasses, shrubs, and low trees; even, humid forests; high rainfall
d. stratified on rocky coasts
e. includes sediments and rocks on the ocean bottom
f. stratified communities with vines, orchids, and monkeys, and nutrient-poor soil
g. chemoautotrophs are the primary producers
h. dwarf willows, mosses, lichens, caribou, and permafrost
i. nurseries of the oceans
j. a large region characterized by its large array of dominant primary producers
Q:
savanna
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. northern coniferous forest
b. increases oceanic productivity
c. mosaics of tall, coarse grasses, shrubs, and low trees; even, humid forests; high rainfall
d. stratified on rocky coasts
e. includes sediments and rocks on the ocean bottom
f. stratified communities with vines, orchids, and monkeys, and nutrient-poor soil
g. chemoautotrophs are the primary producers
h. dwarf willows, mosses, lichens, caribou, and permafrost
i. nurseries of the oceans
j. a large region characterized by its large array of dominant primary producers
Q:
estuaries
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. northern coniferous forest
b. increases oceanic productivity
c. mosaics of tall, coarse grasses, shrubs, and low trees; even, humid forests; high rainfall
d. stratified on rocky coasts
e. includes sediments and rocks on the ocean bottom
f. stratified communities with vines, orchids, and monkeys, and nutrient-poor soil
g. chemoautotrophs are the primary producers
h. dwarf willows, mosses, lichens, caribou, and permafrost
i. nurseries of the oceans
j. a large region characterized by its large array of dominant primary producers
Q:
hydrothermal ecosystem
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. northern coniferous forest
b. increases oceanic productivity
c. mosaics of tall, coarse grasses, shrubs, and low trees; even, humid forests; high rainfall
d. stratified on rocky coasts
e. includes sediments and rocks on the ocean bottom
f. stratified communities with vines, orchids, and monkeys, and nutrient-poor soil
g. chemoautotrophs are the primary producers
h. dwarf willows, mosses, lichens, caribou, and permafrost
i. nurseries of the oceans
j. a large region characterized by its large array of dominant primary producers
Q:
biome
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. northern coniferous forest
b. increases oceanic productivity
c. mosaics of tall, coarse grasses, shrubs, and low trees; even, humid forests; high rainfall
d. stratified on rocky coasts
e. includes sediments and rocks on the ocean bottom
f. stratified communities with vines, orchids, and monkeys, and nutrient-poor soil
g. chemoautotrophs are the primary producers
h. dwarf willows, mosses, lichens, caribou, and permafrost
i. nurseries of the oceans
j. a large region characterized by its large array of dominant primary producers
Q:
benthic province
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. northern coniferous forest
b. increases oceanic productivity
c. mosaics of tall, coarse grasses, shrubs, and low trees; even, humid forests; high rainfall
d. stratified on rocky coasts
e. includes sediments and rocks on the ocean bottom
f. stratified communities with vines, orchids, and monkeys, and nutrient-poor soil
g. chemoautotrophs are the primary producers
h. dwarf willows, mosses, lichens, caribou, and permafrost
i. nurseries of the oceans
j. a large region characterized by its large array of dominant primary producers
Q:
The hosts for the causative agent of cholera between El Nio Southern Oscillations are
a. humans.
b. algae.
c. copepods.
d. shellfish.
e. marine worms.
Q:
The poor fishing off the coast of Peru associated with El Nio is related to oceanic
a. lack of typical oceanic upwellings.
b. upwellings.
c. thermal inversions.
d. cyclonic activity.
e. oxygen depletion.
Q:
The primary producers for hydrothermal vent ecosystems are
a. chemoautotrophs.
b. chemoheterotrophs.
c. phytoplankton.
d. cyanobacteria.
e. algae.
Q:
Most of the ocean's productivity occurs
a. in the open ocean.
b. in the intertidal zone.
c. in the neritic zone.
d. near hydrothermal vents.
e. in the benthic province.
Q:
Reef systems
a. are seriously threatened ecosystems.
b. are formed from calcium carbonate secreted by coral polyps.
c. have symbiotic dinoflagellates in the living coral.
d. have shown widespread bleaching; death of corals is being reported worldwide.
e. include all of these.
Q:
All of the following are true regarding coral reefs EXCEPT that they
a. develop in warm, clear waters near coasts or tropical islands.
b. are found between 25 degrees north and south.
c. are wave-resistant formations.
d. are the least diverse marine ecosystem.
e. consist primarily of secreted calcium carbonate.
Q:
The rocky shore zone that has the greatest diversity of life is the
a. upper littoral.
b. midlittoral.
c. lower littoral.
d. intertidal.
e. neritic.
Q:
Which are nursery grounds for shrimp and many invertebrates and fish?
a. photic zones
b. benthic zones
c. estuaries
d. pelagic zones
e. limnetic areas
Q:
Water draining from the land mixes with seawater carried in on tides in which of the following?
a. upper littoral
b. midlittoral
c. lower littoral
d. estuary
e. upwellings
Q:
A lake in which nutrients are low is
a. atrophic.
b. oligotrophic.
c. eutrophic.
d. hypotrophic.
e. hypertrophic.
Q:
The following questions refer to the figure above illustrating the stratifications of a lake in a temperate region.
The profundal zone is indicated by
a. A.
b. B.
c. C.
d. D.
e. none of these.
Q:
The following questions refer to the figure above illustrating the stratifications of a lake in a temperate region.
The limnetic zone is indicated by
a. A.
b. B.
c. C.
d. D.
e. none of these.
Q:
The following questions refer to the figure above illustrating the stratifications of a lake in a temperate region.
Where the thermocline forms is indicated by
a. A.
b. B.
c. C.
d. D.
e. none of these.
Q:
Thorough mixing of oxygen and nutrients within lakes in temperate regions occurs in
a. winter and summer.
b. winter and spring.
c. spring and summer.
d. spring and autumn.
e. summer and autumn.
Q:
Freshwater lakes in temperate regions will turn over in the
a. fall.
b. winter.
c. spring.
d. summer.
e. fall and spring.
Q:
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the arctic tundra?
a. a perpetually waterlogged soil
b. rapid nutrient recycling
c. one of the world's greatest store of carbon
d. permafrost
e. cool, anaerobic conditions
Q:
Which biome is a treeless plain that occurs around the Arctic Circle?
a. shortgrass prairie
b. taiga
c. cold desert
d. cold grassland
e. tundra
Q:
The boreal forests of North America are dominated by
a. spruce, fir, and pine.
b. redwoods and sequoia.
c. birch and aspen.
d. long-leaf and loblolly pines.
e. cedars and junipers.
Q:
The taiga is best described as what type of forest?
a. deciduous
b. thorn
c. evergreen coniferous
d. broad-leafed
e. shrub
Q:
Conifers are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
a. thick cuticles.
b. intolerance to warm climates.
c. needle-shaped leaves.
d. recessed stomata.
e. adaptations for conserving water.
Q:
Which biome is characterized by plants whose leaves turn color and drop off in the autumn?
a. coniferous forest
b. tundra
c. temperate deciduous forest
d. tropical rain forest
e. all of these
Q:
The biome with the most complex diversity is the
a. tundra.
b. taiga.
c. tropical rain forest.
d. desert.
e. grassland.
Q:
Fire in the dry shrublands does not kill the small bushy plants most probably because
a. these plants have a tough protective bark.
b. their leaves are very heavy and wet.
c. they can resprout from roots.
d. the Forest Service puts the fires out quickly.
e. the fires burn the taller plants and burn out before reaching ground level.
Q:
In dry shrublands
a. plants are adapted to episodes of fire.
b. primary production is abundant throughout the year.
c. there are constant cool temperatures throughout the year.
d. winters are mild and summers are wet.
e. precipitation occurs evenly year round.
Q:
Most of the tallgrass prairies have been converted
a. to grazing lands.
b. for citrus production.
c. to homesteads.
d. to croplands.
e. to vineyards.
Q:
The Dust Bowl of the 1930s was the result of destruction of
a. deserts.
b. chaparrals.
c. tallgrass prairies.
d. shortgrass prairies.
e. temperate deciduous forests.
Q:
All deserts have which of the following in common?
a. low rainfall amounts
b. uniformly high temperature
c. sand
d. sparse vegetation
e. large leafy plants
Q:
Deserts are usually found between what latitudes?a. 0-15 degreesb. 15-25 degreesc. 25-40 degreesd. 40-60 degreese. 60-90 degrees
Q:
In general, communities that characterize a biome are arrays of species that are adapted to
a. specific temperatures.
b. patterns of rainfall.
c. soil type.
d. each other.
e. all of these.
Q:
Which of the following is the correct sequence in terms of increasing size?
a. ecosystem >>> community >>>biome >>> biosphere
b. ecosystem >>> biome >>> biosphere >>>community
c. biome >>> ecosystem >>> community>>> biosphere
d. community>>>ecosystem >>> biome >>> biosphere
e. community>>>biome >>> ecosystem >>> biosphere
Q:
A mountain rain shadow is the
a. arid area on the windward slope.
b. wet area on the windward slope.
c. arid area on the leeward slope.
d. wet area on the leeward slope.
e. arid area on either slope.
Q:
Ocean currents flow in response to ____; their direction is an outcome of the earth's rotation and ____, causing a ____ rotation in the Northern Hemisphere and a ____ rotation in the Southern Hemisphere.
a. gravity; topography; counterclockwise; clockwise
b. topography; gravity; clockwise; counterclockwise
c. temperature; topography; clockwise; counterclockwise
d. gravity; topography; clockwise; counterclockwise
e. winds; gravity; clockwise; counterclockwise
Q:
Which factor has the greatest effect on the amount of incoming light that strikes an area?
a. latitude
b. temperature
c. humidity
d. the ozone layer
e. wind pattern
Q:
Deserts typically form at ____ latitude where ____.
a. 30 degrees; warm dry air descends
b. 60 degrees; warm dry air descends
c. 0 degrees; there is intense sunlight
d. 60 degrees; warm dry air ascends
e. 75 degrees; rising air picks up moisture
Q:
The tradewinds in the zone from 0 to 30 degrees north latitude are generally from the
a. north.
b. northwest.
c. northeast.
d. southeast.
e. southwest.
Q:
The global pattern of air circulation begins at
a. the equator.
b. 30 degrees north latitude.
c. 30 degrees south latitude.
d. 60 degrees north latitude.
e. 60 degrees south latitude.
Q:
Which factor has the least effect on the amount of incoming light that strikes an area?
a. latitude
b. temperature
c. the slope of the land that is exposed to the incoming light
d. the amount of cloud cover
e. season
Q:
Both the large waves and starvation of marine mammals was caused by
a. El Nio.
b. El Diablo.
c. El Minator.
d. El Laborador.
e. none of these.
Q:
El Nio is a recurring weather phenomenon that
a. increases global warming.
b. stabilizes world climates.
c. produces a fluctuation in global weather.
d. depletes the ozone layer.
e. increases oceanic productivity.
Q:
How are bacteria the beginning and end of the nitrogen cycle?
Q:
Would you describe the water cycle as slow or rapid?
Q:
Which trophic level in a food chain would it be most damaging to remove?
Q:
The __________ is a sedimentary cycle; Earth's crust is the largest reservoir, and there is no major gaseous form.