Q&A Hero

Q: Histamine ________. A) causes local blood vessels to dilate B) attracts natural killer cells C) stimulates the release of defensive proteins D) repels phagocytic cells

Q: When you cut yourself, the damaged cells immediately release which of the following chemical alarm signals? A) defensive proteins B) antibodies C) histamine D) antihistamines

Q: Which of the following is a response of our innate defense system? A) adaptive immunity B) inflammation C) cytotoxic T cell response D) helper T cell response

Q: A researcher detects an increase in the amount of natural killer cells in a laboratory rat and concludes that ________. A) the rat has, or recently had, a viral infection B) the rat does not have any cancerous tumors C) the rat's lymphatic system is not functioning properly D) the rat's internal innate defenses are weakened

Q: Defensive proteins can assist the immune response by ________. A) helping viruses reproduce B) directly destroying pathogens C) reducing inflammation D) increasing lymph production

Q: A major function of natural killer cells is to ________. A) attack and kill pathogenic microorganisms B) attack virus-infected cells C) tag pathogenic microorganisms with antibodies D) phagocytize microorganisms that have been tagged with antibodies

Q: Which of the following kinds of proteins circulates in the blood and coats the surfaces of microbes to make them more susceptible to engulfment by phagocytic cells? A) defensive B) histamine C) B cell receptor D) antigen

Q: What kinds of cells engulf whatever foreign cells and molecules they encounter and recognize? A) natural killer cells B) red blood cells C) phagocytic cells D) B cells

Q: Slugs produce mucus all over their bodies that helps keep them moist and helps them move. The mucus also can protect the slugs from pathogens. A slug's mucus is a component of which part of the immune system? A) internal innate immunity B) external innate immunity C) adaptive immunity D) lymphatic system

Q: Which of the following is one of the body's first lines of defense against infection? A) antibodies B) obstacles such as skin and mucous membranes C) increased production of certain hormones D) decreased heart rate

Q: Herd immunity fails when what percentage of the population is NOT vaccinated? A) 1% B) 5% C) 10% D) 50%

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. In order for cytotoxic T cells to kill infected cells, they must bind to the self protein on the surface of the infected cell. Other proteins on the surface of the cytotoxic T cells assist with this binding process. One of these accessory proteins, CD8, has been implicated in many immunodeficiency disorders, including AIDS. CD8 is required for cytotoxic T cells to function normally. Chronic alcohol use is associated with increased rates of pulmonary bacterial and viral infections. A recent study examined this association by investigating the effects of alcohol on the immune system in mice. Mice were given either water or alcohol (ethanol) to drink and then were infected with the influenza virus. The number of cytotoxic T cells that have the CD8 accessory protein was measured in both groups of mice. The data collected are shown in the figure below. What other observation would suggest that alcohol consumption contributes to increased bacterial and viral infections? A) decreased histamine concentration in the mice that drank alcohol B) increased histamine concentration in the mice that drank alcohol C) increased numbers of B cells in the mice that drank alcohol D) decreased numbers of B cells in the mice that drank alcohol

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. In order for cytotoxic T cells to kill infected cells, they must bind to the self protein on the surface of the infected cell. Other proteins on the surface of the cytotoxic T cells assist with this binding process. One of these accessory proteins, CD8, has been implicated in many immunodeficiency disorders, including AIDS. CD8 is required for cytotoxic T cells to function normally. Chronic alcohol use is associated with increased rates of pulmonary bacterial and viral infections. A recent study examined this association by investigating the effects of alcohol on the immune system in mice. Mice were given either water or alcohol (ethanol) to drink and then were infected with the influenza virus. The number of cytotoxic T cells that have the CD8 accessory protein was measured in both groups of mice. The data collected are shown in the figure below. Which group of mice would have a stronger cytotoxic C cell response? A) The mice that drank water. B) The mice that drank alcohol. C) Both groups of mice would have the same responses. D) There is not enough information to make a conclusion.

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. In order for cytotoxic T cells to kill infected cells, they must bind to the self protein on the surface of the infected cell. Other proteins on the surface of the cytotoxic T cells assist with this binding process. One of these accessory proteins, CD8, has been implicated in many immunodeficiency disorders, including AIDS. CD8 is required for cytotoxic T cells to function normally. Chronic alcohol use is associated with increased rates of pulmonary bacterial and viral infections. A recent study examined this association by investigating the effects of alcohol on the immune system in mice. Mice were given either water or alcohol (ethanol) to drink and then were infected with the influenza virus. The number of cytotoxic T cells that have the CD8 accessory protein was measured in both groups of mice. The data collected are shown in the figure below. Which group of mice has more functional cytotoxic T cells? A) The mice that drank water. B) The mice that drank alcohol. C) Both groups of mice have similar amounts of functional cytotoxic T cells. D) There is not enough information to make a conclusion.

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Avian influenza is a viral infection that naturally occurs in wild birds with few damaging effects. However, avian influenza is highly contagious and can quickly kill domesticated birds. Some human influenza viruses are similar to the avian influenza. People infected with avian influenza develop typical flu symptoms (fever, cough, muscle aches). However, symptoms may become more severe and life-threatening. If avian influenza evolves into a form that is easily transmissible from person to person, a global pandemic of widespread human death might occur. Which of the following methods do you think would be the best way to test the effectiveness of a vaccine against avian influenza that is intended for human use? A) Give the vaccine to a single mouse that has the virus, and assess whether influenza symptoms develop. B) Give the vaccine to a group of mice that have the virus, and give a placebo to another group of mice that have the virus. Assess whether influenza symptoms develop in either group. C) Give the vaccine to a single human who has the virus, and assess whether influenza symptoms develop. D) Give the vaccine to a group of humans who have the virus, and give a placebo to another group of humans who have the virus. Assess whether influenza symptoms develop in either group.

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Avian influenza is a viral infection that naturally occurs in wild birds with few damaging effects. However, avian influenza is highly contagious and can quickly kill domesticated birds. Some human influenza viruses are similar to the avian influenza. People infected with avian influenza develop typical flu symptoms (fever, cough, muscle aches). However, symptoms may become more severe and life-threatening. If avian influenza evolves into a form that is easily transmissible from person to person, a global pandemic of widespread human death might occur. Humans who are infected with avian influenza are likely to have elevated levels of ________. A) defensive proteins B) histamine C) antihistamines D) bacterial cells

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Avian influenza is a viral infection that naturally occurs in wild birds with few damaging effects. However, avian influenza is highly contagious and can quickly kill domesticated birds. Some human influenza viruses are similar to the avian influenza. People infected with avian influenza develop typical flu symptoms (fever, cough, muscle aches). However, symptoms may become more severe and life-threatening. If avian influenza evolves into a form that is easily transmissible from person to person, a global pandemic of widespread human death might occur. Which of the following cells would be active during an immune response to a viral infection? A) natural killer cells, only B) phagocytic cells, only C) T cells, only D) all of these cell types

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Avian influenza is a viral infection that naturally occurs in wild birds with few damaging effects. However, avian influenza is highly contagious and can quickly kill domesticated birds. Some human influenza viruses are similar to the avian influenza. People infected with avian influenza develop typical flu symptoms (fever, cough, muscle aches). However, symptoms may become more severe and life-threatening. If avian influenza evolves into a form that is easily transmissible from person to person, a global pandemic of widespread human death might occur. One way to prevent a global pandemic of avian influenza would be to ________. A) keep large doses of histamine available to treat anyone who shows signs of infection B) treat any infected birds with large doses of antibiotics C) develop a vaccine against the avian influenza virus D) develop drugs that could effectively block anaphylactic shock

Q: Suppose that the figure below shows the concentration of antibodies for an antigen produced by Clostridium tetani, a bacterium that causes tetanus. What could trigger the increase in antibody production marked by the arrow? A) a decrease in antigen concentration B) an increase in histamine production C) an initial exposure to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a bacterium that causes pneumonia D) a second exposure to Clostridium tetani

Q: Examine the photograph of the hand in the following figure. The person's joints are severely damaged because ________. A) the immune system has damaged the cartilage and bone of the joints B) a viral infection has attacked the cartilage of the fingers C) cytotoxic T cells have destroyed the bone in the fingers D) T cells have reacted against the myelin in the hand

Q: Three B cells are shown in the figure. Which of these B cells will begin to grow, divide, and differentiate further? A) only the B cell on the left B) only the B cell in the middle C) only the B cell on the right D) all three B cells

Q: The figure below shows a Y-shaped antibody molecule. How many antigens can a single antibody molecule bind? A) one B) two C) three D) four

Q: Examine the numerous long structures extending from the surface of some of the cells in the following figure. Cells with these long structures could be found lining ________. A) the digestive tract B) arteries C) veins D) the trachea

Q: Why do some viruses mutate faster than others? A) They are usually smaller. B) They are usually larger. C) They usually have RNA genomes. D) They usually have DNA genomes.

Q: Jonas Salk's polio vaccine trials of 1954 involved giving placebos to 201,229 children and the polio vaccine to 200,745 children. Out of the placebo group, 142 children developed polio, whereas 57 children from the vaccine group developed polio. Approximately how many more times likely was a child to develop polio if he or she were NOT vaccinated? A) thirty B) ten C) five D) three

Q: What did Jonas Salk's polio vaccine experiment find? A) Vaccines could be developed from bacteria. B) Vaccines were safe only for the elderly. C) Inactivated viruses can be used as vaccines. D) Polio could not be prevented with a vaccine.

Q: Suppose that you encounter an antigen for the first time. What types of cells stored in your lymph nodes can be activated in case you encounter the antigen again? A) memory cells B) effector cells C) phagocytic cells D) helper T cells

Q: Which of the following types of cells does HIV preferentially infect? A) cytotoxic T cells B) natural killer cells C) helper T cells D) phagocytic cells

Q: Which of the following statements best explains why people with Hodgkin's disease often show signs of immunodeficiency? A) The Hodgkin's disease virus infects and destroys B cells. B) Hodgkin's disease involves the deposition of immune complexes in the kidneys. C) Hodgkin's disease is a type of cancer that affects lymphocytes. D) Hodgkin's disease occurs when an immune response elicited by streptococcal bacteria kills normal heart cells as well.

Q: When the immune system improperly turns against the body's own molecules, the result is ________. A) an allergy B) AIDS C) an autoimmune disease D) an immunodeficiency disease

Q: It is best to receive an organ transplant from a donor who ________. A) looks like you B) rarely consumes alcohol C) does not have any allergies D) best matches your self proteins

Q: Anaphylactic shock ________. A) occurs when blood vessels constrict abruptly B) is a symptom of an immunodeficiency disease C) causes blood pressure to drop dangerously D) has no treatment

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Yawning is a reflexive action that is often associated with sleepiness. When a person yawns, the mouth opens, and a longer than normal breath of air is inhaled, followed by a longer than normal exhalation. Hypothesizing that yawning has a regulatory mechanism similar to breathing, scientists conducted an experiment on college students to test the effect of ambient carbon dioxide levels on yawning. The scientists found that the level of carbon dioxide in the air did not cause college students to yawn more frequently. What other experiment could they conduct to confirm that they should reject the hypothesis that yawning is regulated in the same way as breathing? A) Test the effect of hemoglobin amounts on the frequency of yawning. B) Test the effect of exercise levels on the frequency of yawning. C) Test the effect of carbon monoxide (CO) levels on the frequency of yawning. D) Test the effect of diet on the frequency of yawning.

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Yawning is a reflexive action that is often associated with sleepiness. When a person yawns, the mouth opens, and a longer than normal breath of air is inhaled, followed by a longer than normal exhalation. Hypothesizing that yawning has a regulatory mechanism similar to breathing, scientists conducted an experiment on college students to test the effect of ambient carbon dioxide levels on yawning. Which of the following would be considered support for the hypothesis tested by the scientists? A) College students produce more carbon dioxide when they yawn more frequently. B) College students yawn with the same frequency regardless of carbon dioxide levels. C) College students yawn more when they are in lecture, compared to when they are in lab. D) College students yawn more when they are exposed to higher levels of carbon dioxide.

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Yawning is a reflexive action that is often associated with sleepiness. When a person yawns, the mouth opens, and a longer than normal breath of air is inhaled, followed by a longer than normal exhalation. Hypothesizing that yawning has a regulatory mechanism similar to breathing, scientists conducted an experiment on college students to test the effect of ambient carbon dioxide levels on yawning. To graph their results, the scientists would plot the ________. A) number of yawns on the x-axis B) dependent variable on the x-axis C) level of carbon dioxide on the x-axis D) age of college students on the x-axis

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Yawning is a reflexive action that is often associated with sleepiness. When a person yawns, the mouth opens, and a longer than normal breath of air is inhaled, followed by a longer than normal exhalation. Hypothesizing that yawning has a regulatory mechanism similar to breathing, scientists conducted an experiment on college students to test the effect of ambient carbon dioxide levels on yawning. The scientists investigated carbon dioxide levels in their experiment because high carbon dioxide levels in the ________ signal control centers in the brain to increase rate and depth of inhalations and exhalations. A) alveoli B) blood C) heart muscle D) pharynx

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Yawning is a reflexive action that is often associated with sleepiness. When a person yawns, the mouth opens, and a longer than normal breath of air is inhaled, followed by a longer than normal exhalation. Hypothesizing that yawning has a regulatory mechanism similar to breathing, scientists conducted an experiment on college students to test the effect of ambient carbon dioxide levels on yawning. If yawning has a regulatory mechanism similar to breathing, then which of the following is TRUE? A) Athletes should yawn more when exercising compared to when they are not exercising. B) Tibetan mountaineers yawn more when they are walking compared to when they are standing still. C) People adapted to lower altitudes should yawn the same amount when they are at high altitudes. D) Athletes who have trained at high altitudes should inhale a greater volume of air when yawning compared to those who have trained only at low altitudes.

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Yawning is a reflexive action that is often associated with sleepiness. When a person yawns, the mouth opens, and a longer than normal breath of air is inhaled, followed by a longer than normal exhalation. Hypothesizing that yawning has a regulatory mechanism similar to breathing, scientists conducted an experiment on college students to test the effect of ambient carbon dioxide levels on yawning. When a person exhales to complete a yawn, what happens? A) The rib muscles contract. B) The diaphragm contracts. C) The rib muscles act in the same way that they do in an inhalation. D) The diaphragm relaxes.

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Yawning is a reflexive action that is often associated with sleepiness. When a person yawns, the mouth opens, and a longer than normal breath of air is inhaled, followed by a longer than normal exhalation. Hypothesizing that yawning has a regulatory mechanism similar to breathing, scientists conducted an experiment on college students to test the effect of ambient carbon dioxide levels on yawning. The structure where the respiratory and digestive systems meet expands during a yawn. What is the name of this structure? A) bronchus B) larynx C) pharynx D) trachea

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. In sickle cell disease (SCD), a mutation in hemoglobin causes deoxygenated hemoglobin to stick together in long chains, which in turn distorts red blood cells into an elongated, sickle (crescent) shape. Red blood cells with a sickle shape can block circulation in small blood vessels. Which blood vessels are most likely to become blocked by sickle cells? A) veins B) arteries C) arterioles D) capillaries

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. In sickle cell disease (SCD), a mutation in hemoglobin causes deoxygenated hemoglobin to stick together in long chains, which in turn distorts red blood cells into an elongated, sickle (crescent) shape. In a person with SCD, where would red blood cells with a sickle shape be LEAST likely to be found? A) pulmonary arteries B) pulmonary veins C) right atrium D) right ventricle

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Blood flowing away from the heart is under tremendous pressure, able to travel to just about any portion of the body. However, blood pressure drops considerably as it moves away from the heart. When blood finally reaches capillaries, the blood pressure drops to nearly zero. Therefore, when a person is standing, blood returning from the feet is not moved back towards the heart by contractions of the heart. Because of the changes in blood pressure through the circulatory system, the best way to feel a pulse is by pressing a finger against ________. A) a vein B) a capillary C) an artery D) either an artery or a vein

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Blood flowing away from the heart is under tremendous pressure, able to travel to just about any portion of the body. However, blood pressure drops considerably as it moves away from the heart. When blood finally reaches capillaries, the blood pressure drops to nearly zero. Therefore, when a person is standing, blood returning from the feet is not moved back towards the heart by contractions of the heart. A scientist claimed that students might get better scores on written exams if they wiggle their legs frequently while taking an exam. This could work (but it is not better than studying) because wiggling legs might ________. A) propel more blood from the legs back to the heart, increasing oxygen flow to the brain B) add more oxygen to the blood that is returning to the heart C) shake out more of the carbon dioxide that lingers in the blood returning to the heart D) break up blood clots in the legs, which slow the movement of blood back to the heart

Q: Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Blood flowing away from the heart is under tremendous pressure, able to travel to just about any portion of the body. However, blood pressure drops considerably as it moves away from the heart. When blood finally reaches capillaries, the blood pressure drops to nearly zero. Therefore, when a person is standing, blood returning from the feet is not moved back towards the heart by contractions of the heart. Blood is propelled back to the heart by ________. A) rhythmic contractions of muscles in the walls of veins and the action of one-way valves B) skeletal muscle contractions around veins and the action of one-way valves C) the negative pressure of the heart pulling blood into the empty chambers D) the natural flow of blood into ever-larger blood vessels leading to the heart

Q: The figure below shows that ________. A) hemoglobin can bind to either oxygen or carbon dioxide B) a hemoglobin molecule can bind up to four molecules of oxygen C) a red blood cell contains four hemoglobin molecules D) each iron atom can bind four oxygen molecules

Q: Examine the figure shown. During negative pressure breathing, ________. A) the diaphragm moves downward and the rib muscles contract, increasing the size of the chest cavity and decreasing the air pressure within the chest cavity B) the nasal cavities expand and the diaphragm relaxes C) the diaphragm and rib muscles contract, decreasing the size of the chest cavity and increasing the pressure within the chest cavity D) the diaphragm moves downward and the rib muscles relax, increasing the size of the chest cavity and decreasing the air pressure within the chest cavity

Q: Examine the structure of blood vessels in the following figure. Which one of the following has the structure best suited to chemical exchange between the blood and tissues? A) venule B) capillary C) arteriole D) artery

Q: Please refer to the following art to answer the following questions. In varicose veins, the one-way flow of blood in veins is disrupted, which can cause swelling and blood clots. What might help return the blood flow in these veins to normal? A) Reduce physical activity. B) Raise legs above the level of the heart when resting. C) Remove valves from varicose veins. D) Stand or sit still for long periods of time.

Q: Please refer to the following art to answer the following questions. The one-way flow of blood in veins is maintained by ________. A) blood pressure B) muscles pressing against the veins C) their thick walls D) valves

Q: The following figure illustrates ________. A) diastolic blood pressure B) systolic blood pressure C) the pulmonary circuit D) the systemic circuit

Q: The Antarctic icefishes are the only known vertebrates to lack hemoglobin. Which of the following would be LEAST likely to alter gas transport from the environment to an icefish's cells? A) higher oceanic temperatures from global warming B) higher concentrations of carbon monoxide in the water from pollution C) higher concentrations of carbon dioxide in the water from pollution D) an injury that reduces the surface area of gills

Q: The cardiovascular system of a mouse works like that of a human. A mouse is moved from sea level (low altitude) to the top of a mountain (high altitude). How could this mouse's cardiovascular system maintain a similar rate of oxygen delivery to its tissues now that the mouse is at the top of the mountain? A) Decrease breathing rate. B) Decrease heart rate. C) Increase the depth of ventilation. D) Increase lung pressure.

Q: Which of the following best describes the pathway an oxygen molecule would take through the human circulatory system?A) systemic tissues -> alveoli -> pulmonary vein -> pulmonary capillaries -> systemic capillaries -> left ventricle -> left atrium -> aorta -> systemic arteriesB) alveoli -> pulmonary capillaries -> pulmonary vein -> left atrium -> left ventricle -> aorta -> systemic arteries -> systemic capillaries -> systemic tissuesC) alveoli -> pulmonary capillaries -> pulmonary artery -> right atrium -> right ventricle -> pulmonary vein -> systemic arteries -> systemic capillaries -> systemic tissuesD) alveoli -> pulmonary vein -> pulmonary capillaries -> systemic capillaries -> left atrium -> left ventricle -> aorta -> systemic arteries -> systemic tissues

Q: Why do cigarette smokers cough more than most people do? A) The tar in cigarette smoke tends to make alveoli stick closed. Coughing opens them. B) Coughing is the respiratory system's attempt to clear itself of the thick mucus that is produced in response to smoke exposure. C) Cigarette smoking partially paralyzes the lungs; coughing exchanges the resultant "dead air." D) Coughing stimulates blood flow to the lungs.

Q: Cigarette smoking ________. A) is responsible for about one in five deaths of Americans every year B) accounts for 8090% of all cases of lung cancer C) can affect the health of nonsmokers through secondhand smoke D) all of the above

Q: Oxygen is transported through the body mostly ________. A) dissolved in the blood B) dissolved in red blood cells C) bound to hemoglobin D) bound to dissolved iron

Q: When you hold your breath, which of the following blood gas changes leads initially to the urge to breathe again? A) rising carbon monoxide level B) rising carbon dioxide level C) falling carbon monoxide level D) rising carbon dioxide level and falling carbon monoxide level

Q: Breathing is regulated by ________. A) the diaphragm and chest muscles B) the spinal cord C) the circulatory system D) control centers in the brain stem

Q: Together, inhalation and exhalation are referred to as ________. A) diffusion B) breathing C) active transport D) negative pressure

Q: In the human respiratory system, gas exchange occurs across the cells of the ________. A) diaphragm B) trachea C) bronchi D) alveoli

Q: What path does a molecule of O2 take from the nose to the respiratory surface?A) pharynx -> larynx -> trachea -> bronchus -> bronchiole -> alveolusB) larynx -> pharynx -> trachea -> bronchus -> bronchiole -> alveolusC) pharynx -> larynx -> bronchus -> bronchiole -> alveolus -> tracheaD) pharynx -> larynx -> trachea -> bronchiole -> bronchus -> alveolus

Q: In a human, the ________ provide(s) a common passageway for both food and air. A) bronchioles B) trachea C) pharynx D) alveoli

Q: Animals need O2 because it ________. A) plays a role in obtaining energy from food B) helps animals synthesize proteins C) is necessary to make CO2 D) is needed to deliver hemoglobin to the cells of an animal's body

Q: Insects breathe using ________. A) lungs B) tracheae C) their entire outer skin D) book lungs

Q: What structure do lobsters use for gas exchange? A) gills B) lungs C) skin D) tracheae

Q: Earthworms use ________ as their respiratory surface. A) lungs B) gills C) their skin D) tracheae

Q: Gas exchange requires a surface that is both ________. A) durable and stiff B) protected within the body and connected to the circulatory system C) thin and moist D) permeable to oxygen and impermeable to carbon dioxide

Q: The buildup of plaque in the walls of arteries results in ________. A) leukemia B) atherosclerosis C) anemia D) low blood pressure

Q: You increase your risk of cardiovascular disease by reducing your consumption of ________. A) fruits and vegetables B) red meats C) products containing trans fats D) tobacco products

Q: Leukemia ________. A) decreases the production of white blood cells B) increases the production of red blood cells C) is a cancer of the white blood cells D) is a cancer that arises in the lungs

Q: White blood cells play a particularly important role in ________. A) fighting infections B) supporting the activity of red blood cells C) carrying carbon dioxide D) blood clotting

Q: When tissue lining a blood vessel is damaged, the first thing that happens is ________. A) erythrocytes release fibrin B) leukocytes multiply C) platelets convert fibrinogen to fibrin D) platelets adhere to the damaged tissue

Q: Which of the following can cause anemia? I) bone marrow disease II) iron deficiency III) low number of white blood cells A) I B) II C) III D) I and II

Q: As a consequence of red blood cells' lack of nuclei and other organelles, they ________. A) have more room to carry hemoglobin B) have a small surface area C) contain less hemoglobin than they might otherwise be able to carry D) can carry more calcium

Q: If you separated the components of blood and looked closely at only the plasma, you might find ________. A) white blood cells B) red blood cells C) hormones D) platelets

Q: Heart Block is one type of electrical defect in the heart in which the electrical signal from the sinoatrial node to the relay point is delayed. Predict the effect of Heart Block on the cardiac cycle. A) The atria relax for a shorter period of time. B) The atria relax for a longer period of time. C) The ventricles relax for a shorter period of time. D) The ventricles relax for a longer period of time.

Q: Blood pressure is lowest in ________. A) veins B) capillaries C) arterioles D) venules

Q: Which blood vessels have thin, leaky walls? A) capillaries B) venules C) arteries D) none of the above

Q: Blood pressure that is consistently ________ or higher would indicate that you have hypertension. A) 120/80 B) 140/90 C) 110/85 D) 100/75

Q: If your blood pressure were 120/70, it would mean that ________. A) your blood pressure during systole is 120 and your blood pressure during diastole is 70 B) you have high blood pressure C) you have low blood pressure D) your blood pressure during systole is 120 and your heart rate is 70