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Anthropology
Q:
What role did disease play in European colonization?
a. It decimated native populations leaving little resistance to European incursion.
b. It decimated European explorers and left them unable to face native armies.
c. It caused the spread of disease and mutation of new forms that were more dangerous.
d. It made colonization more difficult, as Europeans had to bring doctors with them.
e. It had a minor role in colonization, although there were losses among both Europeans and natives.
Q:
Which of the following was considered a primary and key advantage to Europeans in their expansion?
a. Translators.
b. Guides.
c. New maps.
d. Education.
e. Disease.
Q:
Which of the following contributed most to the development of slavery as an economic institution?
a. Monoculture plantations.
b. Silver and gold mines.
c. Development of Western frontiers.
d. Advanced shipping techniques.
e. Development of factory production.
Q:
The role of Europe in the history of African slavery can be best summarized as:
a. African slavery was invented by Europeans.
b. African slavery was not invented by Europeans but was practiced by them on a very large scale.
c. Europeans made extensive use of slave labor in Europe.
d. The presence of Europeans in the African slave trade generally improved the treatment of slaves.
e. European powers enslaved far fewer Africans than did non-Europeans.
Q:
At current prices, what the Spanish looted of gold and silver from the Americas is valued at:
a. 1 billion.
b. 3 billion.
c. 14 billion.
d. 40 billion.
e. 412 billion.
Q:
Physical violence used in order to force natives people to give up resources is called:
a. Corvee labor.
b. Conquest.
c. Pillage.
d. Excavation.
e. Expansion.
Q:
The principal resource that Spanish Conquistadors sent back from the Inca Empire was:
a. Slaves.
b. Diseases.
c. Tobacco.
d. Gold.
e. Sugar.
Q:
One thing that separates the Western expansion from empire building by previous peoples is:
a. The use of slavery.
b. The brutal exploitation of native populations.
c. The formation of colonies controlled by distant powers.
d. The widespread use of pillage.
e. The scale of the enterprise.
Q:
National narratives are important to anthropology because:
a. Without them nothing could be known about a culture.
b. Listening to them gives us a deeper and broader understanding of the forces that make a nation.
c. People would rather hear stories than listen to facts.
d. They often focus on violence rather than celebrating development.
e. While they do not lead to a greater understanding of culture, they are often highly entertaining.
Q:
Which of the following probably had the greatest effect on cultures worldwide?
a. The collapse of the Roman Empire.
b. The Declaration of Independence.
c. The French Revolution.
d. The expansion of European influence.
e. The formation of the United Nations.
Q:
In the early 1400s, a visitor from China to Europe:
a. Would have been concerned by the growing strength of the Catholic Church.
b. Would have been impressed by the speed with which technological innovation was taking place.
c. Would have been impressed with advances in medicine.
d. Would have thought Europe poverty stricken and backward.
e. Would have been impressed by the size and training of European armies.
Q:
The pace of change over the past several centuries has been:
a. Enormous, with innovation occurring at quicker and quicker rates.
b. Constant, with innovation occurring at a steady rate.
c. Static, with little innovation occurring
d. Sporadic, with intermittent occurrences of innovation.
e. There are no reliable statistics to gauge such an abstract idea.
Q:
What is the primary function of the Spanish bullfight?
Q:
What is "deep play"?
Q:
What is the relationship between art and symbolism?
Q:
Distinguish between manga and anime.
Q:
What is a nkisi?
Q:
How is calligraphy viewed differently in China and the Islamic Middle East?
Q:
Provide three possible explanations for cave art provided by archaeologists.
Q:
Explain why art is not universally considered a product of artistic innovation.
Q:
How do anthropologists define art?
Q:
Bhangra is a musical form that originated from Eastern European folk music.
Q:
World music incorporates musical styles from cultures all over the world.
Q:
External interest in Native American art negatively impacted the prestige of Maria Martinez.
Q:
Tourism in traditional societies has led to the emergence of artist as a special and distinct occupational specialization.
Q:
Tau-taus are a form of currency in the Toraja culture.
Q:
Pictures depicting Orientalism were restricted to fine art.
Q:
European artists were rarely concerned with representing non-Europeans in their art.
Q:
Frida Kahlo is an artist best known for the political content of her work.
Q:
Body art and adornment can be used as an expression of identification.
Q:
Trickster tales can be an indirect way of expressing dissatisfaction with an unequal system of social relations.
Q:
Art is an important element in the politics of a culture.
Q:
Sports can be considered an art form, because they involve the application of human skill to behavior beyond the merely practical.
Q:
Manga has a widespread and influential role in the popular culture of the global community.
Q:
Anime is Japanese comic book art.
Q:
Art can provide many functions in society, especially for ritual meanings.
Q:
Today, museum exhibits are critically examined for the representations they provide of other cultures through the art on display.
Q:
Museum exhibits are a point of contact between the West and the art of indigenous cultures.
Q:
A very important function of art is symbolic communication.
Q:
Art for art's sake is a value that exists in all societies.
Q:
Evidence of artistic expression only dates to about 10,000 years ago.
Q:
Bhangra is linked most tightly to identity in which cultural area?
a. British and French.
b. South Asia.
c. Middle Eastern.
d. Southern African.
e. Eastern Brazil.
Q:
Which of the following is a recent anthropological interest in art?
a. How native arts have become global commodities.
b. How native art is produced and used within its own society.
c. The place of the native artist in society.
d. How Western art is becoming increasingly commercialized.
e. How Western artists are including more pop art to meet generational demands.
Q:
A increasingly popular part of world music and dance is:
a. The use of double meanings in lyrics.
b. Hip-hop.
c. The authentic representations of personal identity.
d. Break-dancing.
e. African music.
Q:
Which of the following correctly characterizes bhangra?
a. A political party in India.
b. A form of art involving the braiding of hair.
c. A mixture of Punjabi folk music and British pop.
d. A form of sculpture combining Western with African characteristics.
e. A potter whose works have become known internationally.
Q:
Musical styles from cultures throughout the world is represented in:
a. Reggae.
b. World music.
c. African music and folklore.
d. The majority of Western music.
e. A small body of musical genres.
Q:
The effect of tourism on indigenous arts:
a. Is mixed; some traditional arts have prospered while many have deteriorated.
b. Always results in the deterioration and simplification of traditional art forms.
c. Has been minimal; Western tourists are not interested in the arts of indigenous peoples.
d. Has resulted in the training of many indigenous artists in European art schools.
e. Has changed the ways in which artists are viewed in the industrialized nations.
Q:
An important criticism of tourism is that:
a. Natives are rarely able to make any money from tourists.
b. It tends to turn culture into a marketable commodity.
c. It prevents natives from modernizing their cultures.
d. Since it allows natives to access outside funding, it results in a decrease in government spending in tourist areas.
e. The small number of tourists does not represent the larger global population and this leads to cross-cultural misunderstanding.
Q:
The primary artistic efforts of Maria Martinez were:
a. Weaving.
b. Singing.
c. Pottery.
d. Painting.
e. Silver jewelry.
Q:
Torajan tau-tau, or wooden effigies of nobles, carved in connection with mortuary ritual:
a. Have disappeared since contact with Western tourists.
b. Have often been stolen or bought for the Western art collector's market.
c. Created the indigenous status of artist where it never previously existed.
d. Never been used traditionally, but are a "fake" cultural product developed for the Western tourist market.
e. Have fallen into disuse since the conversion of the Torajan to Christianity.
Q:
As the example of the Toraja of Indonesia demonstrates, in many indigenous cultures, art has now become:
a. A luxury.
b. A leveler of class differences.
c. A commodity.
d. Separated from cultural identity.
e. Widespread among the people within the society.
Q:
Which of the following was identified as one of the early art colonies in the U.S.?
a. Phoenix, AZ.
b. Taos, NM.
c. Tucson, AZ.
d. Billings, MT.
e. Harrodsburg, KY.
Q:
Maria Martinez, of San Ildefonso Pueblo in the United States, is an example of:
a. Tribal concept of art imposed on a Western culture.
b. A person recognized as an "artist" in her own society prior to Western contact.
c. The strong continuities between prehistoric and contemporary tribal artistic creations.
d. The functional uses of all "primitive" art.
e. An "artist" created in a traditional culture by the impact of Western art collectors.
Q:
In the art world, middlemen typically:
a. Manipulate art objects and the information regarding their production to meet the demands of buyers.
b. Neither have a high nor low ranking in the hierarchal structure of their society.
c. Are involved in the pillage of archaeological sites and illegal export of art treasures.
d. Accurately represent the original context of native art to Western buyers.
e. Interfere in the affairs of others.
Q:
How has the role of the artist in society changed in the genre of world art?
a. Today, people are not interested in knowing the creator's identity in order to purchase the work.
b. Today, people seek to know the creator's identity in order to value the piece of art.
c. Native artists are disappearing and this is an endangered field.
d. Native art no longer has commercial value, because it is seen primarily as a ritual object.
e. Westerners and native artists cannot agree on how to define the role of the artists today.
Q:
A prop often seen in paintings of Middle Eastern domestic scenes is:
a. Bread being baked.
b. Washing being done.
c. Women getting undressed.
d. People smoking the hookah.
e. Women playing with their children.
Q:
During the 19th century, European travelers thought the Orient was threatening because:
a. They did not believe they could acquire land in this region.
b. They believed it was the opposite of European civilization and thus irrational.
c. They did not know how to speak the language of the people in this region.
d. They were unable to safely traverse its terrain.
e. The Orient had more economic stability than the majority of European countries.
Q:
"Orientalism" refers to:
a. Belief in the superiority of the cultures of China, Japan, and Korea.
b. Beliefs promoting colonial conquest of Asia.
c. A fantasy view of the Middle East as the European "other."
d. A school of European painting depicting Arab cultures in an objective, realistic way.
e. A theory of anthropology regarding Islamic cultures as not very different from Western cultures.
Q:
Fritz Scholder's paintings combine historical images with abstract expressionism and pop art. A fundamental theme of his work is:
a. The oppression of Native Americans by the U.S. government.
b. His ambivalence about his Indian identity.
c. The need for Native Americans to get over the injustices of the past and get on with their lives.
d. The importance of the repatriation of Native American remains and artifacts.
e. The underlying humanity of all people, regardless of superficial racial and ethnic differences.
Q:
A critical event that influenced artist Frida Kahlo was:
a. A profound religious experience.
b. A visit to the Soviet Union in 1932.
c. A visit to the United States in 1938.
d. The Mexican Revolution of 1910.
e. Her long love affair with artist Pablo Picasso.
Q:
Anthropologist Maria Messina found that all of the following are times in which Moroccan women use henna except:
a. First night of marriage.
b. When the woman finishes college.
c. At ages 3-4 in preparation of Ramadan.
d. Toward the end of her pregnancy.
e. During transition from girlhood to womanhood.
Q:
Marking the body as an expression of cultural and personal identity is known as:
a. Self-mutilation.
b. Body art.
c. Cultural tattooing.
d. Ritual cleansing.
Q:
During what historical period did ledger drawings flourish?
a. Early to late 1600s.
b. Mid 1700s-1804.
c. 1840s-1860s.
d. 1870s-1920s.
e. 1940s-1970s.
Q:
The ledger drawings are:
a. An example of how some Native Americans used art to record history and preserve their identity.
b. Economic records of the Cheyenne Indians during the period of European conquest.
c. An example of the earliest form of cave paintings.
d. A group of African folktales translated into a series of paintings.
e. A way for Native American people to record events that only occurred outside of their particular group.
Q:
The trickster tales, such as the Br"er Rabbit stories of the American South, may be seen as:
a. A thinly veiled protest against oppression and domination.
b. No more than foolish stories that have no real significance.
c. A product of a society with limited interest in verbal folklore.
d. The protest of the little worker against the modern bureaucracy.
e. Particularly characteristic of an egalitarian society.
Q:
In the Spanish understanding of bullfighting, the matador is:
a. An angry combatant who uses force to vanquish his enemy.
b. A male seeking revenge for an insult or infidelity.
c. An honorable male: skilled, self-controlled, and calm.
d. The passive victim of the forces of nature.
e. Demonstrating the principle that violence should always be met with violence.
Q:
The most important part of the Balinese cockfight is:
a. The gambling associated with it.
b. The costumes worn by the cock owners.
c. The magical ritual surrounding it.
d. Its historical origins in antiquity.
e. The special names given to the cocks by their owners.
Q:
The Balinese cockfight is called "deep play" because:
a. It is merely play.
b. It is done in a playful manner.
c. It has deep symbolic meaning.
d. People who engage in it are over their heads financially.
e. It deepens the gap between the different social strata in Balinese society.
Q:
An example of "deep play" in the United States is:
a. Swimming in deep water.
b. Lacrosse.
c. Skiing.
d. Football.
e. Bowling.
Q:
What is manga?
a. Animated cartoons in Japan.
b. Comic book art in Japan.
c. Political satire in Japan.
d. Movie art in the U.S.
e. A type of music from Brazil.
Q:
Japanese cultural analysts such as Murakami emphasize that:
a. Japanese will always feel inferior to Americans.
b. Japanese will always feel superior to Americans.
c. Japanese art has little or nothing to do with non-Japanese people.
d. Japan has not really come to grips with its role in World War II.
e. Japanese art will only truly be successful when it is collected in American and Europe.
Q:
Two principal themes found in anime and manga are:
a. Power and wealth.
b. Cuteness and violence.
c. Material prosperity and spiritual poverty.
d. Sex and fear.
e. History and fate.
Q:
Ice Age cave art demonstrates that:
a. Art is found only in hunting societies.
b. Visual art has become progressively more representational with increasing societal complexity.
c. So-called "primitive" art is the basis for much European modern art.
d. Art is a very early aspect of human culture.
e. Art is universally associated with religion.
Q:
An important function of art in all societies is that it:
a. Promotes social solidarity by symbolically conveying values and emotions.
b. Gives professional opportunities to the most talented members of society.
c. Serves as a marker between the higher and the lower classes.
d. Provides an escape into fantasy for the poor and the oppressed.
e. Provides people with a source of cash income.
Q:
Calligraphy is an important art form in Islam because:
a. Muslims have exceptionally good handwriting.
b. It visually represents the Koran.
c. Letter writing was the most important traditional form of communication between individuals.
d. The Koran is a written document.
e. Art has not traditionally been important in the Arab culture.
Q:
Which of the following is not an example of the fact that one needs to know the cultural meaning assigned to an artistic elements in order to understand it?
a. The use of minor keys in Western music.
b. The use of red dyes in Dogon sculpture.
c. The wearing of rings in Western society.
d. The use of the corn motif in Mayan sculpture.
e. Knives are used in processing food.
Q:
Archaeologists offer all of the following as explanations for cave art except:
a. They were drawn to magically increase the chance of a successful hunt.
b. They contain coded information about the hunt.
c. They were made for ritual use.
d. They depict things seen by shamans during trance.
e. They are for decorating the cave.
Q:
A creative process in which improvisation is more highly valued than originality is characteristic of:
a. African music.
b. Western painting.
c. Navajo singing.
d. Balinese dance.
e. Inuit carving.
Q:
The Inuit do not have a word for art. This reveals that:
a. The Inuit have little artistic ability.
b. In a harsh environment, the practice of art is a luxury not easily indulged in.
c. The contemporary arts of the Inuit were introduced by Canadians as a way for Inuit to earn a living.
d. The Inuit language is impoverished because it lacks a word for art.
e. Inuit art is traditionally embedded in making objects for other purposes.
Q:
In the text, art refers to:
a. The visual arts only.
b. Anything that human beings do outside the realm of technology.
c. Works of universally recognized beauty.
d. Anything that excites people emotionally.
e. The application of skill that reflects cultural values and patterns.