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Anthropology
Q:
The Tiv felt that Laertes bewitched his sister, Ophelia, so that he could sell her body to raise money to repay gambling debts.
Q:
The process of change due to culture contact is called
a. diffusion.
b. borrowing.
c. acculturation.
d. enculturation.
e. revitalization.
Q:
A group ranked in a system of social stratification into which members are born for life is called a
a. caste.
b. class.
c. rank society.
d. stratified society.
e. bounded society.
Q:
The Tiv approved of Hamlet's mother's marriage to her husband's brother within a month of her husband's death.
Q:
An innovation is more likely to be accepted if it
a. meets a felt need.
b. meets needs for prestige.
c. maintains some continuity with traditional customs.
d. two of the above
e. a, b, and c above
Q:
The culturally defined behaviors associated with particular social statuses are called
a. social identities.
b. social roles.
c. status clusters.
d. social action clusters.
e. social actionality.
Q:
The Tiv felt it was a good omen for Hamlet's father's ghost to return and talk with Hamlet.
Q:
A recombination of things that are known into something different is called
a. culture change.
b. innovation.
c. social integration.
d. diffusion.
e. acculturation.
Q:
A society in which there is unequal access to prestige but equal access to economic resources is called a(n)
a. egalitarian society.
b. socially stratified society.
c. rank society.
d. caste society.
e. class society.
Q:
The Tiv lack a concept for what Europeans call a ghost.
Q:
When an anthropologist attempts to make social interaction more predictable in cases where two people are operating with different cultural codes, he or she is doing action anthropology.
Q:
Class is to caste as
a. western is to non-western.
b. equality is to rank.
c. economics is to prestige.
d. equality is to social stratification.
e. open is to closed.
Q:
Bohannan finds that with minor alterations in terminology, the English and the Tiv can understand Shakespeare's Hamlet in the same way.
Q:
Action anthropology requires that the group that is to change possesses some legitimate process for making decisions.
Q:
If a friend were to say, "He's the president of the college," the term "president" would refer to a
a. status.
b. role.
c. social situation.
d. social relationship.
e. social interaction.
Q:
English speakers do not use /ng/ (the final sound in going, for example) when they speak. This behavior would best be classified as a
a. metaphorical rule.
b. framing rule.
c. sociolinguistic rule.
d. non linguistic rule.
e. phonological rule.
Q:
Applied anthropology focuses on the use of anthropological knowledge to inform, enlighten, or increase the understanding of some individual or group.
Q:
Social situations consist of a combination of culturally appropriate
a. times.
b. places.
c. objects.
d. two of the above
e. a, b, and c above
Q:
When linguistic anthropologists search for minimal pairs of words from informants, they are most likely to be looking for
a. morphemes.
b. metaphors.
c. frames.
d. phonemes.
e. sociolinguistic rules.
Q:
An anthropologist attempts to influence the way people treat tramps by publishing a book on tramp culture, thus making tramps more predictable to those who must deal with them. Such an anthropologist would be doing adjustment anthropology.
Q:
The culturally defined positions associated with particular social structures are labeled
a. roles.
b. statuses.
c. social situations.
d. social groups.
e. events.
Q:
The phrase, "tax burden," is a good example of the use of
a. demagoguery.
b. hyperbole.
c. metaphor.
d. non linguistic symbols.
e. linguistic crossover.
Q:
If an anthropologist studied how the use of tobacco spread throughout the world, he or she would be interested in cultural diffusion.
Q:
A "rank society" is one in which members have unequal access to prestige and valued economic resources.
Q:
The categories and rules for combining vocal symbols are called
a. phonemes.
b. grammar.
c. phonology.
d. sociolinguistic rules.
e. speech.
Q:
Social acceptance of an innovation involves three steps: identification, analysis, and substitution.
Q:
Class is a kind of stratification defined by unequal access to prestige and valued resources but which permits individual mobility.
Q:
Hindi speakers hear which of the following two English phonemes as a single phoneme?
a. /t/ and /d/
b. /k/ and /g/
c. /b/ and /d/
d. /l/ and /r/
e. /v/ and /w/
Q:
Acculturation refers to the process of learning one's culture.
Q:
Anthropologists usually recognize two kinds of social stratification: egalitarian and rank.
Q:
Minimal categories of speech that serve to keep utterances apart are called
a. morphemes.
b. minimal pairs.
c. words.
d. phonemes.
e. phones.
Q:
Innovation is the recombination of concepts, which are previously known, to form something qualitatively new.
Q:
A lecture, classroom, desks, and time (9:30 a.m."10:20 a.m.) are all parts of the social situation as that term is defined by the text.
Q:
Like all symbols, vocal symbols must
a. have a referent.
b. occur in minimal pairs.
c. be perceivable by our senses.
d. two of the above.
e. a, b, and c above.
Q:
According to Ehrenreich and Hochschild (Global Women in the New Economy), a Sri Lankan woman named Josephine Perera has managed to
a. work for ten years in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Greece.
b. work as a nanny to a two-year-old in Greece.
c. amply support her three children who still live in Sri Lanka.
d. return home once a year bearing gifts such as pots and pans.
e. all of the above
Q:
As used in this book, the term status refers to a person's social rank.
Q:
The system of cultural knowledge used to generate and interpret speech is called
a. communication.
b. language.
c. semantics.
d. phonology.
e. grammar.
Q:
Ehrenreich and Hochschild (Global Women in the New Economy) report that one of the greatest problems faced by women who migrate from Third World countries for work in the First World is
a. finding enough money to travel to jobs outside their home country.
b. lack of sufficient education to hold jobs in the First World.
c. resentment of the kinds of jobs they are forced to work at in the First World.
d. long separation from their children and family members.
e. all of the above
Q:
An army private must salute when he approaches an officer and hold the salute until after the officer has returned the greeting. This is an illustration of a status.
Q:
The behavior that produces vocal sounds is called
a. semantics.
b. language.
c. speech.
d. phonology.
e. morphology.
Q:
Which one of the following is a characteristic of Third World women who migrate for work according to Ehrenreich and Hochschild (Global Women in the New Economy)?
a. A majority are under twenty years of age.
b. Many are better educated than other women from their home country.
c. A majority are single without children.
d. Most of them have trained to acquire special skills that enable them to better find work in First World countries.
e. Most migrate to escape abusive husbands or other family members.
Q:
Roles are the categories of different kinds of people who interact.
Q:
A metaphor is an alternative word for something.
Q:
Which one of the following names factors that encourage Third World women to migrate to the First World for work according to Ehrenreich and Hochschild (Global Women in the New Economy)?
a. the amount of money they can make and send home
b. the possibility of achieving citizenship in the host country
c. the potential for improved health care
d. two of the above
e. a, b, and c above
Q:
The rules for action associated with statuses are called "roles."
Q:
People can communicate using nonlinguistic symbols.
Q:
According to Ehrenreich and Hochschild (Global Women in the New Economy), African women are most likely to migrate to ____________for work as domestics and nannies.
a. the Far East
b. the United States
c. Europe
d. South East Asia
e. the Middle East
Q:
The Chinese depicted by Margery Wolf in the article about uterine families would best be classified as
a. matrilineal.
b. bilateral.
c. clan endogamous.
d. neolineal.
e. patrilineal.
Q:
Grammar refers to the categories and rules for linking vocal symbols with their referents.
Q:
According to Ehrenreich and Hochschild in their article (Global Women in the New Economy) women who migrate for work in other countries are
a. better educated than most women in their home countries.
b. impressed by the amount of money they can make abroad that they can send home.
c. often encouraged by their home governments to seek work abroad.
d. two of the above
e. a, b, and c above
Q:
According to Margery Wolf, which one of the following would be a member of her uterine family after she is married?
a. her mother-in-law
b. her sons
c. her brothers
d. her sisters
e. her mother
Q:
The minimal categories of speech sounds that serve to keep utterances apart are called phonemes.
Q:
Ehrenreich and Hochschild (Global Women in the New Economy) note that one reason First World women must hire Third World women as domestics and nannies is that First World governments have not instituted programs to help them with child care.
Q:
In her article, "Uterine Families and the Women's Community," Margery Wolf asserts that Taiwanese women
a. must always depend on their husbands for support in family affairs.
b. band together with the wives of their husband's brothers to achieve intrafamily power.
c. gain power by having sons.
d. gain power from the families their daughters marry into.
e. gain the most power by working hard at family tasks.
Q:
Things other than vocal sounds that can stand for other things are part of language.
Q:
Ehrenreich and Hochschild (Global Women in the New Economy) note that there are four major flows of migrant women, one from South East Asia to the Middle and Far East, a second from East Europe to Western Europe, a third from South and South and Central America to North America, and a fourth from Africa to Europe.
Q:
The uterine family described by Wolf for China would include which one of the following after she is married
a. a woman's children.
b. a woman's brothers.
c. a woman's sisters.
d. a woman's sisters-in-law.
e. a woman's father.
Q:
Language is a system of cultural knowledge used to generate and interpret speech.
Q:
Ehrenreich and Hochschild (Global Women in the New Economy) report that Third World women working as maids and nannies in America have caused the American children they care for to feel stress because such women are foreign and can"t understand how to treat their American charges.
Q:
As a child, a Chinese woman's most important family ties are with her
a. father.
b. father's brothers.
c. father's mother.
d. mother and siblings.
e. siblings alone.
Q:
According to Gmelch (Nice Girls Don"t Talk to Rastas), orthodox Rastafarians are
a. part of a religious sect whose members go without clothes, subsist off the land, and go
without clothes.
b. part of a Muslim sect found largely on Caribbean islands.
c. a sub group practicing voodoo religious rights.
d. a monastic group that is based on a North African religious tradition.
e. none of the above
Q:
According to Ehrenreich and Hochschild (Global Women in the New Economy), Third World governments have attempted to prevent their female citizens from migrating because the latter are causing massive social breakdown by leaving their children and families.
Q:
In her article on the Chinese uterine family, Wolf asserts that within her husband's family
a. a Chinese woman depends almost solely on her husband for support.
b. a woman receives most support from her husband's brother's wives.
c. a woman receives most of her support from her children.
d. a woman receives most support from the families into which her daughters have married.
e. a woman receives most support from her parents and siblings.
Q:
According to Gmelch (Nice Girls Don"t Talk to Rastas), people living in the rural Barbadian community where his study abroad student, Johanna, was doing research believed that
a. Rastafarians had taken vows of celibacy and young women should not talk to them.
b. Rastafarians were low class because their ancestors had come from Africa.
c. Rastafarians were lazy, pot smoking people who stole things and bathed naked.
d. Rastafarians were members of a religion that revered Islam, not Christianity.
e. none of the above
Q:
Ehrenreich and Hochschild (Global Women in the New Economy) note that many women from wealthy societies have succeeded in the "tough" male world but have turned over the care of their children, elderly parents, and homes to women from the Third World.
Q:
Much of the hostility between a woman and her mother-in-law comes about because of the ambiguous position of her husband.
Q:
According to Gmelch (Nice Girls Don"t Talk to Rastas), Barbadian villagers shunned his U.S. study abroad student because she
a. had sexual relations with a Rastafarian named Joseph.
b. was seen swimming naked with a Rastafarian.
c. gave Joseph some of the fruit growing on her homestay mother's tree.
d. lived for a time with Joseph in his hillside cave.
e. was seen talking to and leaving the village with Joseph.
Q:
Ehrenreich and Hochschild (Global Women in the New Economy) argue that most women who migrate from poor countries to rich ones can"t get work in their home countries because they are so poorly educated.
Q:
A Chinese woman enters her husband's house as a powerless stranger, but she returns to her own home for visits during the first two or three years to reduce the tension.
Q:
Gmelch concludes on the basis of his student's negative experience in a Barbadian village (Nice Girls Don"t Talk to Rastas), that
a. it is difficult for U.S. women to find acceptance in Barbadian communities because people there think they are morally "loose."
b. American students unconsciously look down on Barbadians and are unable to hide their sense of superiority.
c. a great barrier to student research in places like Barbados is that local people view students as tourists.
d. U.S. students assume that Barbadian communities are homogeneous and fail to appreciate the social dynamics found in small face-to-face communities.
e. Barbadians are offended by the wealth displayed by American students and regularly "test" them by making demands for loans or other forms for support.
Q:
According to Ehrenreich and Hochschild in their selection, "Global Women in the New Economy," millions of women now migrate from poor countries to work in rich ones.
Q:
The fact that Chinese women find support in their uterine families is a reason for conflict within their husband's extended family.
Q:
According to Gmelch (Nice Girls Don"t Talk to Rastas), the first thing he did after his student, Johanna, told him she was being shunned by the Barbadian villagers where she was doing her research was
a. find and talk to the Rastafarians she had been seen with.
b. meet with local elders to discover their views on the problem.
c. warn Johanna that her behavior could jeopardize the whole study abroad program in Barbados
d. explain to her homestay mother that Johanna meant no harm.
e. pull Johanna out of the village so she could work in a more receptive community.
Q:
Shandy (The Road to Refugee Resettlement), notes that the U.S. immigration service has settled the Nuer in about 30 different states because
a. they could not find a single location for them all.
b. they feel refugees adjust better if they are scattered in small groups around the country.
c. they will have less of a negative impact on communities if there are fewer of them.
d. two of the above
e. none of the above
Q:
In a Chinese family, women are at the mercy of their husband's family throughout life, without recourse to the support of other people.
Q:
George Gmelch (Nice Girls Don"t Talk to Rastas), notes that American students often behave according to a principle called personal autonomy when they live among people in other societies. This means that
* a. if they see what they believe is "truth," they can act without concern for what others think.
b. they should be able to have their own private space in which to live.
c. they can feel free to criticize local people.
d. they can feel superior to local people without feeling bad about it.
e. if they don"t like a local custom, they can ignore it.
Q:
According to Shandy (The Road to Refugee Resettlement), transnationalism is defined as
a. the nationalistic fervor of one people that causes them to go to war with another.
b. the shifting of national loyalties from one nation state to another.
c. another word for global markets.
d. the cross-cutting ties that span the borders of nation-states.
e. a political movement in the southern Sudan.
Q:
Even after her marriage, a woman maintains close ties with her parents and siblings, according to Wolf in her article about the Chinese family.
Q:
According to Gmelch (Nice Girls Don"t Talk to Rastas), when his students do fieldwork in rural Barbadian communities
a. they fail to recognize that such communities are homogeneous.
b. they ignore the fact that class distinctions may be present in such communities.
c. they should expect to be looked down on by villagers.
d. both a and c.
e. none of the above
Q:
According to Shandy (The Road to Refugee Resettlement), Nuer are most often first aided in their quest to be resettled in the United States by
a. relatives.
b. UN officials.
c. voluntary associations (volags).
d. friends.
e. U.S. immigration officials.