Q&A Hero

Q: Which of the following is a bacterial disease? a. influenza b. severe acute respiratory syndrome c. the common cold d. scarlet fever

Q: Which of the following is a viral disease? a. tetanus b. herpes simplex c. gonorrhea d. scarlet fever

Q: The most plentiful pathogens, which are simple, one-celled organisms, are: a. bacteria b. viruses c. fungi d. protozoa

Q: Which statement about the treatment of viruses is true? a. Newer antibiotics are effective on viruses. b. Drugs that will kill a virus and not our cells remain difficult to find. c. Antiviral drugs can completely eradicate viral infections. d. Antiviral drugs are most effective when introduced late in the course of infection.

Q: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is considered which type of virus? a. retrovirus b. slow virus c. herpes virus d. filovirus

Q: Which virus is a contributing factor in the development of cervical cancer? a. adenoviruses b. herpes viruses c. papilloma viruses d. slow viruses

Q: Which virus is characterized as living permanently in cells and flaring up periodically? a. adenoviruses b. herpes viruses c. papilloma viruses d. filoviruses

Q: The tiniest and toughest pathogens are: a. bacteria b. helminthes c. protozoa d. viruses

Q: What is a biological or physical vehicle that carries an agent to a host? a. vector b. host c. pathogen d. lymphocyte

Q: What is a host? a. Any vehicle that carries and transmits a pathogen b. A person or population that contracts a pathogen c. An organism whose primary function is to fight disease d. The intermediate reservoir in which a pathogen lives

Q: A disease-causing organism is called a: a. vector b. host c. pathogen d. lymphoid

Q: Match the items below with the most appropriate description.a. plaqueb. HDLc. myocardiumd. emboluse. LDLf. metabolic syndromeg. MIh. plateleti. hemorrhagej. angina pectoris1) disorder of the body's metabolism2) blood cholesterol that is protective3) heart attack4) deposits of fat5) chest pain6) blood cholesterol that increases heart disease risk7) type of blood cell8) cardiac muscle layer9) wandering blood clot10) bleeding

Q: Describe what characterizes cancer and four major categories of cancer. List the seven warning signs of cancer.

Q: Explain the difference between the two types of strokes and identify five risk factors for stroke.

Q: Identify five symptoms of a heart attack.

Q: Identify the different components of blood cholesterol that would be measured on a blood test, and the healthy levels of each.

Q: Describe four controllable and four uncontrollable risk factors that affect your cardiometabolic health.

Q: Open sores in the lining of the stomach are known as ____________________.

Q: When a man suspects prostate cancer, he may get a(n) ____________________ screening test.

Q: Testicular cancer occurs most commonly among men ages _________ to _________.

Q: ____________________ therapy is treatment with high-energy rays or particles to destroy cancer.

Q: A type of treatment for breast cancer that involves surgical removal of the entire breast is called a(n) ____________________.

Q: The deadliest form of skin cancer is malignant ____________________.

Q: A malignant tumor may also be called a(n) ____________________ tumor.

Q: A tumor that is not malignant is ____________________.

Q: A(n) ____________________ is a blood clot in an artery in the brain.

Q: The procedure used to widen a clogged artery through insertion of a catheter with a tiny balloon is called ____________________.

Q: Atherosclerosis is characterized by fatty deposits referred to as ____________________.

Q: The ____________________ is a smooth membrane lining the inside of the heart.

Q: The sac that surrounds the heart is the ____________________.

Q: ____________________ are drugs that work in the liver to block the production of cholesterol.

Q: Total cholesterol levels should be below ____________________ mg/dL for men.

Q: A person with a blood pressure reading of 120/80 would be considered to have ____________________.

Q: A disease in which the body does not produce or respond properly to insulin is ____________________.

Q: Following a meal containing fats, the bloodstream will contain ample amounts of ____________________.

Q: ____________________ is a fatty substance found in certain foods and also manufactured by the body.

Q: ___________________ disease accounts for one of three deaths in the United States.

Q: _____ is believed to set the stage for the development of gastric ulcers. a. HPV b. Helicobacter pylori c. HIV d. Epstein-Barr virus

Q: Asthma is most characterized by: a. a sneezing, runny nose b. an autoimmune response of the lungs c. constriction of the breathing passages d. allergy-like symptoms

Q: Epilepsy is: a. usually fatal b. characterized by seizures c. increasingly common and severe d. rarely manageable with medications

Q: Testicular cancer is most common between ages _____. a. 5 and 17 b. 18 and 35 c. 36 and 65 d. 66 and 85

Q: In the ABCDs of skin cancer, "C" refers to: a. color b. crusty c. callous d. capillary

Q: A woman's best tool for early detection of breast cancer is an exam called a a. Pap smear b. mammogram c. mastectomy d. breast self-exam

Q: The leading cause of cancer death in men and women is: a. colon cancer b. pancreatic cancer c. leukemia d. lung cancer

Q: The most common type of cancer in men is: a. lung b. prostate c. colon d. kidney

Q: What is the most common type of cancer in women? a. lung b. colon c. breast d. bladder

Q: Which of the following is true of cancer and infectious agents? a. Infectious agents cause nearly all of the cancers in developing nations. b. Infectious agents cause less than 1% of cancers worldwide. c. Infectious agents alone are typically not sufficient to cause cancer. d. Infectious agents have been linked to cancers of reproductive organs but not to other cancers.

Q: Cancer that has spread is most accurately described as having _____. a. invaded. b. metastasized. c. died. d. infiltrated.

Q: In the United States, men have a ____ lifetime risk of developing cancer; for women, the risk is ____. a. 1 in 10; 1 in 5 b. 1 in 5; 1 in 10 c. 1 in 3; 1 in 2 d. 1 in 2; 1 in 3

Q: A ____ is a "little stroke." a. transient ischemic attack b. sarcoma c. diastole d. myocardial infection

Q: When the blood supply to a portion of the brain is blocked, a ____ may occur. a. stroke b. blackout c. heart attack d. seizure

Q: For victims of cardiac arrest, immediate use of which of the following techniques would keep the heart pumping until help arrives? a. balloon angioplasty b. cardiopulmonary resuscitation c. bypass breathing d. atrial fibrillation

Q: The term myocardial infarction describes a(n): a. infection of the pericardium b. heart attack c. spasm of the heart d. stiffening of the heart

Q: Angina pectoris is best defined as a: a. temporary drop in the oxygen supply to the heart that causes pain b. hardening of the arteries typically resulting in shortness of breath c. death of cardiac cells with no symptoms d. spasm of the heart causes dizziness and nausea

Q: ____ refers to any of a number of chronic diseases characterized by degeneration of the arteries and hardening and thickening of arterial walls. a. Atherosclerosis b. Arteriosclerosis c. Myosclerosis d. Hepatosclerosis

Q: Daily low-dose aspirin has been recommended as a preventive step for: a. both men and women, regardless of cardiovascular risk level or age b. both men and women at high risk of cardiovascular disease c. women, ages 45 or older d. men, ages 45 or older

Q: Which of the following is true of psychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular disease? a. Episodic factors like depression may increase the buildup of "unstable" plaque. b. Chronic factors directly triggers heart attacks in individuals with pre-existing disease. c. Chronic factors often triggers the breaking off of plaque in high risk individuals. d. Acute factors often trigger a marked decrease in blood pressure.

Q: When university athletes were screened with electrocardiograms, _____ percent were found to have abnormalities. a. less than 1 b. 1 to 7 c. 11 to 17 d. 21 to 37

Q: The pulmonary arteries pump blood to the: a. lungs b. heart c. brain d. veins

Q: The heart muscle is called the: a. myocardium b. endocardium c. pericardium d. cardiac layer

Q: In evaluating the risk for heart disease in men, which of the following would be a desirable feature? a. Total cholesterol above 240 mg/dL b. LDL levels below 100 mg/dL c. HDL levels below 40 mg/dL d. LDL levels above 160 mg/dL

Q: About _____ of people with hypertension have it adequately controlled. a. one-tenth b. one-quarter c. one-third d. one-half

Q: Which of the following parameters describes what is considered a healthy blood pressure reading? a. systolic below 115, diastolic below 75 b. systolic 120"139, diastolic 80"89 c. systolic 140"159, diastolic 90"99 d. systolic above 160, diastolic above 100

Q: Individuals with diabetes should eat a diet high in a. complex carbohydrates. b. fat. c. sodium. d. low-fiber foods.

Q: Which statement best represents the relationship between diabetes and family history of diabetes? a. Family history plays a role in type 1 but not type 2 diabetes. b. Family history plays a role in type 2 but not type 1 diabetes. c. Family history is related to type 2 diabetes in the U.S. but not elsewhere in the world. d. Family history and environment interact in both type 1 and 2 diabetes.

Q: What is the number one cause of blindness and kidney failure in the United States? a. stroke b. heart attack c. hypertension d. diabetes

Q: In the U.S., diabetes a. is the leading cause of death in adults. b. is more common in Southern states known as the "diabetes belt." c. rates have been steadily decreasing thanks to prevention efforts. d. affects nearly 30% of adults.

Q: Individuals with prediabetes: a. have well-pronounced symptoms b. develop type 1 diabetes c. can develop long-term damage to heart and circulatory system d. tend to be more physically active than the general population

Q: Metabolic syndrome: a. was formerly known as type 2 diabetes b. remains extremely uncommon in the U.S., especially among younger people c. is a cluster of symptoms that increase risk of diabetes, stroke, and heart disease d. is currently the disease of most concern in the U.S.

Q: Metabolic syndrome affects _____ Americans. a. 1 in 20 b. 1 in 10 c. 1 in 4 d. 1 in 2

Q: African Americans are ____ as likely as whites to develop hypertension. a. half b. twice c. five times d. ten times

Q: Among the Pima Indians of Arizona, _____ of adults have type 2 diabetes. a. one-tenth b. one-quarter c. one-third d. one-half

Q: Americans get an average of ____ percent of their dietary cholesterol from meat and ____ from egg yolks. a. 16; 9 b. 26; 19 c. 36; 29 d. 46; 39

Q: High-density lipoproteins: a. have the highest proportion of fat b. are good for the heart c. are bad for the heart d. are composed of triglycerides

Q: Systolic blood pressure is the pressure when the: a. heart contracts b. heart is between contractions c. individual stands up rapidly d. individual is sitting

Q: Insulin acts in the body by: a. letting glucose into cells b. breaking down glucose c. shunting glucose into the liver for metabolism d. speeding up homeostasis

Q: What does your text state with regard to the impact of physical fitness on health risk? a. For men, fitness may be LESS important than overweight or obesity. b. For men, fitness may be MORE important than overweight or obesity. c. For women, fitness may be LESS important than overweight or obesity. d. For women, fitness may be MORE important than overweight or obesity.

Q: Which statement accurately describes the problem of "carrying" excess weight? a. A waist measurement of more than 35 inches increases health risk in males. b. Visceral fat poses fewer health risks than subcutaneous fat. c. "Apple-shaped" women are at increased health risk but "apple-shaped" men are not. d. A "pot belly" raises health risks even when a person has a healthy weight.

Q: In a longitudinal study of individuals who reached age 55 with an optimal cardiometabolic risk profile, men had a risk of heart disease or heart attack of 3.6%, compared to ____ percent for the general population. a. 7.5 b. 17.5 c. 27.5 d. 37.5

Q: The term ____ refers to the heart and to the biochemical processes involved in the body's functioning. a. cardiometabolic b. cardiovascular c. holistic d. homeostatic