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Question
Which of the following is not the reason that mainstream news among major news outlets is similar to each other?a. News outlets constantly monitor and imitate others.
b. Reporters from different news outlets share the same news beats and sources.
c. News outlets depend heavily on official government sources.
d. News outlets often share reporters.
Answer
This answer is hidden. It contains 1 characters.
Related questions
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The term polysemy is defined as the notion that:
a. Multiple images have the same meaning
b. Multiple sources provide meaning to texts
c. Media texts have multiple meanings
d. Multiple authors create one media text
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"Polysemy" refers to the idea that media texts can have multiple meanings.
a. True
b. False
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Stuart Hall's Encoding-Decoding model of communication indicates that media messages need to be transmitted via interpersonal channels.
a. True
b. False
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In decoding media contents, readers' social positions often matter. Which of the following is not a social constraint that may affect the decoding process?
a. Readers' race
b. Readers' social class
c. Readers' gender
d. Readers' mood
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In Joshua Gamson's study of celebrity watching, he found that some audience members do all of the following except:
a. Believe what they see
b. See celebrities as artificial creations
c. Are "game players"
d. Created television shows
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a. Create passive recipients
b. Are cultural tools that help us to decode media texts
c. Are the same for everyone
d. Are secondary ideologies
Q:
The "encoding-decoding" model in media research includes the following except:
a. A message constructed by media producers, and its interpretation by the audience
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c. A specific encoded meaning may not result in a specific decoded interpretation
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Q:
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a. True
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Q:
The famous photo of a Chinese demonstrator in front of a tank near Tiananmen Square illustrates how:
a. The minimal effects model operates in the political world
b. Cultural imperialism threatens freedom of the press
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a. Sex
b. Violence
c. Humor
d. Pop music
Q:
The cultural imperialism thesis argues that:
a. Mass media products have become more significant than so-called high culture
b. American media products have dominated other cultures of the world
c. Youth culture is now the most profitable form of media product
d. Independent media have powerful effects on individuals
Q:
Agenda-setting refers to the ability of:
a. Politicians to influence the media's agenda
b. The media to influence the public's agenda
c. The public to influence the media's agenda
d. The media to influence politicians' agenda
Q:
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a. Mostly regular citizens
b. Mostly political elites and insiders
c. Both political elites and regular citizens
d. Neither political elites nor regular citizens
Q:
Which of the following media effects theory assumes the strongest media impact on individuals?
a. Agenda-setting
b. Two-step flow of communication
c. Cultivation
d. Hypodermic media effects
Q:
The idea that American media and culture are so powerful that they subjugate other cultures is called ____.
a. cultural imperialism
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c. ideology
d. mainstreaming
Q:
Race is a socially constructed concept.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Hispanic characters are overrepresented in movies and television today.
a. True
b. False
Q:
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a. vertical
b. horizontal
c. spiral
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a. Name of the program's producer
b. Network executives they will be working with
c. Scripts for upcoming episodes
d. Size and make-up of the audience
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The belief that "nothing succeeds like success" leads network television executives to:
a. Develop programs that copy key traits of current ratings leaders
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Q:
The notion of a "private ministry of information" refers to:
a. A small number of private firms dominating the media industry
b. Government interference in the media industry
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Q:
Sociologists often link discussions of social relations to the concepts of "Structure" and "Agency." What are they, and how do they relate to each other? Do they have equal relationships? Are they at odds? In your discussion, include at least one specific example.
Q:
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a. True
b. False
Q:
Which of the following is NOT as example of how audiences are users of media?
a. Updating Facebook
b. Uploading a video on YouTube
c. Posting music on Tumblr
d. Reading a news story online
Q:
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a. Intentional and undetermined human action
b. Any social organization or institution
c. Public communication processes
d. Larger social infrastructure
Q:
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a. Late '20s and early '30s
b. Late '30s and early '40s
c. Late '40s and early '50s
d. Late '50s and early '60s
Q:
The introduction of broadcast media marked the first time that media producers did not have to:
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c. Rely on steam-generated power
d. Physically distribute their products
Q:
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a. Radio
b. Movies
c. Television
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