Question

Which of the following is a nondirectional hypothesis?
a. There are no differences in reading comprehension between those taught a summarization strategy and those not taught the strategy.
b. Readers who are taught a summarizing strategy have higher reading comprehension scores than those not taught the strategy.
c. Readers taught a summarizing strategy have lower reading comprehension scores than those who were not taught the strategy.
d. There are differences in reading comprehension between readers who are taught a summarizing strategy and those who are not taught the strategy.

Answer

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