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Question
When the juvenile court was first created, _____ was the standard of proof required to adjudicate a child delinquent.a. beyond a reasonable doubt
b. probable cause
c. clear and convincing
d. preponderance of the evidence
Answer
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Related questions
Q:
What are the pros and cons of the police using different delinquency prevention strategies?
Q:
Discuss gender bias in police treatment of male and female offenders. Provide an example.
Q:
When police conform to the community's norms in deciding on an arrest, it is called a(n) ____ factor.
Q:
The system of paid watchmen patrolling at night to protect homes is called the ____ system.
Q:
An ______ is a person who has access to criminal networks and shares information with authorities in exchange for money or special treatment under conditions of anonymity.
Q:
The increased incidence of African Americans being arrested would suggest which discretionary factor at play?
a. Racial bias
b. The "dad" effect
c. Gender bias
d. The chivalry effect
Q:
In re Gault established that the constitutional privileges against _____ applied equally to adults as well as to juveniles.
a. the denial of jury trial
b. warrantless searches
c. racial bias
d. self-incrimination
Q:
In Arizona v. Gant, the Supreme court placed limitations on ______.
a. aggressive law enforcement
b. warrantless search
c. illegal search
d. police searches of automobiles
Q:
An evaluation study of Boston's Operation Ceasefire program found that the program ______.
a. produced a significant reduction in youth homicides in Boston
b. backfired and increased youth homicides in Boston
c. had no effect on youth homicides
d. reduced youth homicides but increased overall gang violence
Q:
A stop-and-frisk is an example of _____.
a. aggressive law enforcement
b. a warrantless search
c. an illegal search
d. police discretion
Q:
The _______ holds that police are likely to act paternally toward young girls and not arrest them.
a. gentleman's hypothesis
b. ladies' hypothesis
c. chivalry hypothesis
d. big brother hypothesis
Q:
Community norms would be an example of an environmental factor of discretion.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Officers who specialize in dealing with juvenile offenders are called juvenile officers.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Direct engagement with a community is a mainstay of the community policing model.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The pledge system assumed that neighbors would protect each other from thieves and warring groups.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Operation Ceasefire is an initiative to make peace between rival gangs.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Juveniles as young as 15 years old sufficiently understand their Miranda rights.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Discuss prevention programs in regard to risk factors faced by young children. Do you think these are viable programs for preventing delinquency? Explain your view.
Q:
Discuss the conflicting values in juvenile justice.
Q:
Discuss the Illinois Juvenile Court Act, including the key provisions of the act.
Q:
At-risk youths would be best served by a(n) ____ strategy, which would address their particular risk factors.
Q:
The document filed in juvenile court alleging that a juvenile is a delinquent, a status offender, or a dependent and asking that the court assume jurisdiction over the juvenile is called the _____.
Q:
Discuss why youths drop out of school. Would you agree or disagree with the reasons presented in the text? Explain.
Q:
The percentage of an age group that is not enrolled in school and has not earned a high school diploma or equivalent is called _____.
Q:
Student _____ may be the function of students' inability to see the relevance of what they are taught.
Q:
Attention was first brought to focus on school crime when the federal government published its pioneering study of school systems entitled _____
Q:
Factors linked to children who engage in serious school violence include _____. This refers to patterns of impulsive and chronic hitting, intimidating, and bullying behaviors, which, if left unaddressed, may later escalate into more serious behaviors.
Q:
_____ is a youth leadership program that provides young people with an opportunity to learn techniques and cultural/historical significance of West African traditional, Afro-Cuban, and Afro-Brazilian drumming.
Q:
As the school is the "basic conduit through which the community and adult influences enter into the lives of adolescents," the school has become the primary instrument of _____.
Q:
A student from a low-income household is an example ofwhat type of correlate of school failure?
a. Alienation
b. Social class
c. Tracking
d. Personal problems