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Question
Kluckhohn argues that cultures can be described as having one of three orientations toward nature. List and provide a brief description of each one.
Answer
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Related questions
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People from different cultures generally attribute illness to one of four causes. Identify them and discuss their fundamental assumptions.
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In Malaysia, a collectivistic large power distance culture, shared decision-making among physicians and patients is routinely practiced.
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Relationships between Mexican managers and their subordinates are generally distant.
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Many Japanese organizations practice a seniority-based wage and promotion arrangement where employees are promoted and compensated based on the number of years they have served the organization.
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Walmart is a very successful international corporation. More than 10 billion people shop there every year. The statistical equivalent of every person on the planet will shop at a Walmart. Despite its success, they had to close their stores in Germany, and they have not been successful in Korea or Japan. According to the text, they have not been prosperous in these cultures because they ______.
a. couldnt compete with local merchants
b. are too arrogant
c. couldnt meet consumer product guidelines
d. couldnt achieve their projected profit margins
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Collectivists tend to prefer other-face strategies such as avoiding the conflict, seeking a third party, or giving in to the other.
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Individualists become frustrated during conflict when their counterparts are unwilling to address the conflict openly and honestly.
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An avoiding communication conflict style is associated with a ______ self-face concern and a ______ other-face concern.
a. high; low
b. high; high
c. low; low
d. low; high
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A dominating communication conflict style is associated with a ______ self-face concern and a ______ other-face concern.
a. high; low
b. high; high
c. low; low
d. low; high
Q:
During intercultural conflict, in general, individualists tend to use more ______ than collectivists.
a. dominating styles
b. integrative strategies
c. avoiding styles
d. obliging styles
Q:
Episodic long-term memory refers to the preservation of ______.
a. auditory stimulation
b. information pertaining to the unique experiences of the individual
c. a persons general conceptual world
d. iconic stimulation
Q:
Information in long-term memory is usually lost because of ______.
a. sensory receptor errors
b. olfactic stimulation
c. iconic stimulation
d. interference
Q:
Explain how the physical structure of your home, school, or work environment illustrates your cultures perception and use of space.
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Due to their lack of focus on time, many people within a monochronic time-oriented culture are unable to tell time.
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According to Sixsmith, a home is composed of three main structures. The personal home is ______.
a. a place to share, entertain and build relationships
b. the architectural style
c. the space where we keep our personal artifacts
d. an extension of ones emotional expression
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Sebastian owns a shop in southern Spain. During the warm-weather season, the shop is often closed from midday until late afternoon because his shop is not air-conditioned. This is an example of cultural adaptation to the ______environment.
a. economic
b. meteorological
c. terrestrial
d. psychological
Q:
According to Hall's classification of social distances, personal space is defined as ______.
a. that which is reserved for intimate contact, including touching
b. a comfortable distance that is about an arms length
c. public distance that is reserved for public speaking situations
d. the spacing people practice at social gatherings and in working situations
Q:
Which of the following best describes informal space?
a. moveable space such as furniture and seating
b. permanent space such as walls, floors, and windows
c. perceptual space that varies according to the movement of the interactants
d. psychological space such as monochronic and polychronic orientations
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A person in the United States with ancestry originating from an Arabic-speaking country is classified as White by The U.S. Census Bureau.
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Though not always, microcultural groups generally have more power than the majority or macro culture.
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When you are engaged in a conversation with someone from the Arab American culture, it is nearly impossible to understand the conversation unless you understand the ______ expressions that are used.
a. religious
b. political
c. popular culture
d. family
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Commitment to the family is a dominant cultural value among virtually all Hispanics/Latinos. Which of the following examples illustrates this value of familia?
a. Children are brought home from the hospital and put into their own separate nursery.
b. Children are given their own toys to keep so they can learn responsibility.
c. Children learn the more they misbehave, the more attention they receive.
d. Children and their families congregate in one large room.
Q:
A group with the most power is considered the dominant group in a culture while the less powerful groups have been known as ______ groups.
a. Subdominant
b. Minority
c. Marginalized
d. Alternative
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A key communicative component of Native American interaction is ______.
a. the use of silence
b. collectivism
c. proxemics
d. all of these
Q:
According to the Muted Group Theory, interaction between dominant and subordinate groups is difficult because ______.
a. subordinate groups cannot speak English
b. subordinate groups have to express themselves using the dominated groups code
c. dominant groups refuse to interact with subordinate groups
d. dominant groups have to express themselves in the subordinate groups code
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Schwartzs 10 Basic Human Values rank differently across individuals and groups. Choose your top 3 values and explain the reasoning for your selections.
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Cultures with a strong uncertainty avoidance orientation sense that uncertainty in life is a continuous threat that must be fought.
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In cultures with a strong uncertainty avoidance orientation, uncertainty is seen as a normal part of life, where each day is accepted as it comes.
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Within a low-context culture, interactants primarily will look to the physical, sociorelational, and perceptual environment for information.
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Zeke lives in a culture where they are independent and can pursue their own goals; however, they are also seen as equal to, and the same as, others in their culture. Zeke lives in a ______ culture.
a. horizontal collectivistic
b. horizontal individualistic
c. vertical individualistic
d. vertical collectivistic