Question

Increased education and diversity of the workforce at all levels are reasons why

A) the top-down approach is preferred.

B) the bottom-up approach is untenable.

C) only top executives have the experience and acumen to make strategy decisions.

D) middle- and lower-level managers, and even nonmanagers, should be involved in the strategic planning process.

E) the horizontal approach is the most pragmatic choice.

Answer

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