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Question
Electronic formats of published statistics enjoy which of the following as an advantage over written records?a. the data can be read directly into statistical and or graphics computer programs for analysis
b. much of the electronic data is inappropriate for spreadsheet software
c. most do not contain the original data while printed reports contain aggregate information
d. most will be considered confidential, thus not available to the researcher
Answer
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Related questions
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What type of study attempts to account for errors in drawing a sample by measuring the same people on two or more occasions?
a. cohort study
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c. trend study
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a. reliability
b. generalizability
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Retrospective studies have the danger of faulty memories or even subjects lying.
a. True
b. False
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Explanatory studies are not cross-sectional.
a. True
b. False
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When using students in your class as research subjects and having them complete a questionnaire, there is a potential for ethical problems in that their participation may not be .
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a. a maximum security prison
b. a laboratory
c. a death row wing of a federal penitentiary
d. a mental hospital
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Which of the following is generally recognized as an ethical procedure for subject/participant selection?
a. assimilation
b. correlation
c. randomization
d. deception
Q:
A researcher may face legal liability when
a. they observe crime occurring during the course of their study but decide not to report it to the police
b. they become a participant in the criminal activity they are observing
c. they have knowledge that research subjects have committed illegal acts
d. all of the above
Q:
Virtually all research that uses human subjects is:
a. subject to international review board review
b. considered to be unethical
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d. subject to institutional review board review
Q:
When information is gathered by researchers and there are no identifying characteristics allowing the researchers to match up results to individual subjects, this illustrates:
a. confidentiality
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c. anonymity
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Q:
Which of the following have the potential to present ethical dilemmas/challenges to researchers?a. mandatory reporting requirementsb. withholding desirable treatmentsc. staff misbehaviord. all of the above
Q:
Immunity as part of federal protection from legal action requires
a. researchers to prominently display all licenses
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d. confidential information to be revealed
Q:
Which of the following represents voluntary participation?
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c. using a class of students at the local college
d. full disclosure of research purpose with informed consent
Q:
Which of the following comes closest to the purpose of an institutional review board?
a. to determine if adequate safeguards for general welfare of subjects is in place
b. to determine if the proposed research is worthy of study
c. to turn violators of ethical principles over to the police
d. to make it difficult for any social science research to be completed
Q:
The National Crime Victimization Survey prevents researchers of the public from having information on a victim's
a. age
b. relationship to an offender
c. place of residence
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Q:
With regard to drug formulation research, which of the following is a consequence of not publishing unsuccessful research findings?
a. accusations of fraudulent practices
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Q:
Which of the following is not an accurate description of the simulated prison project?
a. subjects accepted their roles very readily with guards becoming aggressive while prisoners became passive
b. debriefing sessions were held at the conclusion of the project to insure that there was no long term damage to the participants
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Q:
Attempts to guard against harm to the participants in the simulated prison were accomplished by all of the following except
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Q:
Which of the following are not exempt from IRB review under federal guidelines?
a. research involving the analysis of existing data
b. research involving the use of educational tests that are cognitive in nature
c. research conducted in established educational settings that involve normal education practices
d. research that uses living subjects who have participated in at least one prior research study
Q:
What was the primary reason for the establishment of institutional review boards?
a. questionnaires administered that asked subjects to report on deviant sexual behaviors
b. research on juveniles that focus upon their treatment as adults by the criminal justice system
c. medical experimentation
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Q:
Identify the differences between randomized evaluation designs and quasi-experimental designs. Give an example of the appropriate use of each.
Q:
represents the process through which subjects are accumulated in experimental and control groups.
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a. outputs
b. inputs
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a. there is no set of political norms that are agreed upon by all criminal justice researchers
b. just as there are codes for ethical conduct for researchers, there are formal codes of accepted political conduct
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Q:
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b. reactive-oriented policing
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Q:
Randomized experiments for evaluation purposes require which of the following?
a. case flow must be adequate to produce enough subjects in both the experimental and the control groups
b. program staff must accept random assignment and minimize the exceptions to randomization
c. experimental interventions must be consistently applied
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Q:
Treatment integrity is roughly equivalent to:
a. reliability
b. validity
c. generalizability
d. the accuracy of the data
Q:
Program goals represent:
a. empirical indicators
b. desired outcomes
c. inputs
d. standards
Q:
When a researcher prepares their understanding of a program's goals, elements, and operations, she is preparing a
program:
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b. description
c. analysis
d. hypothesis