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Question
Discuss the major differences between industrial and nonindustrial modes of production.
Answer
Answers will vary
Related questions
Q:
Deborah Tannen's research on the speech habits of men and women has revealed that
A. there are no discernible differences between the way men and women use language.
B. men tend to make eye contact more frequently than women.
C. women tend to recite information in an attempt to solidify their position in a social hierarchy.
D. men rely more on nonverbal gestures than do women.
E. women tend to use language to build social connections with others.
Q:
Berlin and Kay's study of color terminology (1969/1992) revealed that
A. women tend to use more color terms and men tend to use fewer color terms.
B. color terminology was least developed in areas with a history of using dyes and artificial coloring.
C. all languages include sixteen basic color terms.
D. the languages of cultivators in Papua New Guinea and foragers in Australia had more basic color terms than did European and Asian languages.
E. there are only two basic color terms, black and white.
Q:
________ refers to the arrangement and order of words in phrases and sentences.
A. Syntax
B. Lexicon
C. Grammar
D. Phonology
E. Morphology
Q:
Traditionally, sociologists worked in large, industrial Western nations, while anthropologists focused on smaller, nonindustrial societies.
Q:
Good key cultural consultants generally end up recording most of the data needed to write an ethnography.
Q:
Anthropologists today realize that no culture is isolated and that the ethnographic present is an unrealistic concept.
Q:
It is important to establish rapport quickly to be an effective participant observer.
Q:
List the differences between questionnaires and interview schedules. Describe the advantage an ethnographer could gain by using an interview schedule instead of a questionnaire.
Q:
Salvage ethnography is the
A. recording of cultural diversity that is threatened by Westernization.
B. recovering of an archaeological site that is about to be destroyed by a public building or road.
C. rewriting of an ethnography that was written in the ethnographic present.
D. recording of linguistic diversity that is about to become extinct.
E. effort to ensure that ethnography remains an important part of anthropology.
Q:
Sociologists primarily study
A. nonindustrial societies.
B. small, nonliterate populations.
C. the daily life of another culture.
D. the industrial West.
E. the industrial East.
Q:
________ is a key technique because kinship and marriage relationships are so important in nonindustrial societies.
A. The life history
B. Participant observation
C. The genealogical method
D. The interview schedule
E. Network analysis
Q:
________ is the term for an expert on a particular aspect of local life.
A. Representative sample
B. Etic informant
C. Key cultural consultant
D. Biased informant
E. Life historian
Q:
The ________ strategy is unique to anthropology.
A. comparison
B. biological perspective
C. ethnography
D. evolutionary perspective
E. skilled respondents
Q:
In survey research, sampling is
A. the collection of a representative subset of a larger population.
B. the interviewing of a small number of key cultural consultants.
C. participant observation.
D. the collection of life histories of every member in a community.
E. the recording of the emic perspective.
Q:
Taking part in the events one is witnessing and describing is known as
A. longitudinal research.
B. emic research.
C. etic research.
D. informed consent.
E. participant observation.
Q:
During the first few weeks in the field, the anthropologist will
A. be completely useless, as he or she is in culture shock.
B. spend time recovering from jet lag.
C. only hand out gifts to the children of the culture.
D. notice some of the most basic aspects of cultural diversity, which eventually fade from consciousness.
E. read background history on the culture.
Q:
To conduct research among a group of people, the anthropologist must
A. get permission from the American Anthropological Association.
B. pay a fee to the individuals who will be interviewed.
C. inform the people about the purpose, nature, and procedures of the research and its potential costs and benefits to them.
D. get permission from the United States' State Department.
E. hold a PhD in anthropology.
Q:
Diffusion plays an important role in spreading cultural traits around the world.
Q:
Only people living in the industrialized, capitalist countries of Western Europe and the United States are ethnocentric.
Q:
Define globalization and identify the forces that are driving it. Discuss how globalization is affecting local peoples, as well as how they are responding.
Q:
Show how culture can be adaptive and maladaptive. Identify why it is important to understand that culture can be both adaptive and maladaptive.
Q:
Discuss the different kinds of learning, and identify the kind of learning upon which culture depends.
Q:
What people say they do or should do is
A. imagined culture.
B. ethnocentrism.
C. agency.
D. ideal culture.
E. verbal culture.
Q:
The emergence of agriculture in the Middle East and in Mexico is an example of
A. acculturation.
B. enculturation.
C. independent invention.
D. colonization.
E. diffusion.
Q:
________ refers to processes that are causing nations and people to be increasingly interlinked and mutually dependent.
A. Acculturation
B. Diffusion
C. Globalization
D. Enculturation
E. Independent invention
Q:
Cultural rights are different from human rights in that
A. human rights are real, while cultural rights are just perceived.
B. cultural rights are morally based, while human rights are methodologically based.
C. cultural rights are vested in groups, not in individuals.
D. cultural rights are more clear-cut than human rights.
E. the term cultural rights is a politically correct synonym for human rights.
Q:
________ is a cultural universal.
A. Hypodescent
B. Hyperdescent
C. Bifurcate merging kinship terminologies
D. Transhumance
E. Some kind of family
Q:
The process by which children learn culture is
A. acculturation.
B. cultural transmission.
C. enculturation.
D. ethnoabsorption.
E. diffusion.
Q:
Ethnology is the process of living with a culture for a long time to describe that one culture fully.
Q:
List and describe at least three types of remains that archaeologists could study. Discuss what archaeologists could learn from each type.