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Question
Describe and explain the policy irrelevance proposition.
Answer
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Related questions
Q:
When John earned $65,000 he purchased 10 DVDs a year. His income has just increased to $68,000 and he plans to purchase 15 DVDs this year. Johnʹs income elasticity of demand equalsA) 0 B) 0.11 C) 1.67 D) 8.87
Q:
The regulation of the prices charged by insurance companies is known asA) the Federal Register. B) social regulation.C) the market share test. D) economic regulation.
Q:
When there is a resource for which property rights are not well defined and there is a difference between private costs and social costs, then all but which of the following is a way to close the difference?A) The free market system B) TaxationC) Subsidization D) Regulation
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As a result of moral hazard,A) both physicians and hospitals order more procedures.B) physicians and hospital administrators have no incentive to raise costs.C) patients increasingly have to worry about the expense of operations and other medical procedures.D) both physicians and hospitals have a financial interest in trying to keep hospital costs down.
Q:
OutputTotal Costs100$400101402102405103409104414105420106427107435Refer to the above table. If the price is $5, the maximum economic profits this firm could earn isA) $520. B) $420. C) $414. D) $106.
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If the marginal product curve is intersecting the average product curve, we know thatA) the average variable cost curve is intersecting the average total cost curve.B) the marginal cost curve is intersecting the average fixed cost curve. C) the average total cost curve lies above the marginal cost curve.D) the marginal cost curve is intersecting the average total cost curve.
Q:
Suppose that the implicit cost for a business was $1,000 and the explicit cost was $5,000 and that the firm sold 1,000 units of its products at $6 per item. We can conclude that the firmʹsA) accounting profit was $6,000, and its economic profit was $0. B) accounting and economic profits were both $0.C) accounting profit was $1,000, and economic profit cannot be determined. D) accounting profit was $1,000, and economic profit was $0.
Q:
Which of the following would cause the labor demand curve to shift to the right?A) A decrease in demand for the product the labor is used to produceB) An increase in labor productivityC) A decrease in the price of a complimentary resourceD) All of the above
Q:
A monopolistic competitor is like a competitive firm in the long run, because
A) it earns positive economic profits.
B) it earns zero economic profits
C) both firms will earn positive economic profits.
D) both firms will increase price to increase profits.
Q:
In a perfectly competitive market, if P > MC, then
A) too little output is being produced.
B) too much output is being produced.
C) production is efficient, as the firm is earning profits.
D) the firm is paying a price for resources that is too high.
Q:
OutputTotal Costs100$400101402102405103409104414105420106427107435Refer to the above table. If the price is $5, the perfectly competitive firm should produceA) 104 units. B) 105 units. C) 106 units. D) 107 units.
Q:
Short-run cost relationships for a firm areA) determined by the law of diminishing marginal product.B) determined by the specific long-run relationships that exist. C) due to the level of wages relative to other input prices.D) due to the normal contractual relations in a market.
Q:
The concept of the production function implies that a firm using resources inefficiently willA) obtain less output than the theoretical production function shows. B) obtain more output than the theoretical production function shows.C) obtain exactly the amount that the theoretical production function shows. D) not be subject to diminishing marginal product.
Q:
Use the above figure. When the budget line rotates from ʺbʺ to ʺcʺA) the price of product J increases. B) the price of product J decreases. C) the price of product K increases. D) the price of product K decreases.
Q:
A monopolist will not earn any economic profits whenA) AVC is a minimum. B) AFC is very high.C) ATC lies above the demand curve. D) ATC lies below the demand curve.
Q:
The income elasticity of demand isA) the percentage change in demand divided by the percentage change in income.B) the change in income divided by the percentage change in price. C) the change in quantity demanded divided by the change in price.D) the percentage change in income divided by the percentage change in quantity demanded.
Q:
The law passed by Congress in 1914 that was designed to sharpen or define further the vagueness of the Sherman Act is calledA) the Robinson-Patman Act. B) the Wheeler-Lea Act.C) the Clayton Act. D) the Federal Trade Commission Act.
Q:
Which of the following best describes a situation of economic efficiency?A) A firm produces to the point at which P = AVC, with MR < MC. B) A firm produces to the point at which P = ATC, with MC < MR. C) A firm produces to the point at which MR = AFC, with P = AVC. D) A firm produces to the point at which MR = MC, with P = MC.
Q:
Quantity of LaborTotal ProductAverage ProductMarginal Product122222225226303812729410025195115231561262111Refer to the above table. At what quantity of labor does the average variable cost curve start to increase?A) After 1 unit B) After 2 units C) After 3 units D) After 6 units
Q:
Suppose that one worker can produce 15 cookies, two workers can produce 35 cookies together, and three workers can produce 65 cookies together. What is the average product of the first three workers?A) 65 cookies B) 30 cookies C) 17.5 cookies D) 21.67 cookies
Q:
When a business has implicit costs,A) economic profits are greater than accounting profits. B) economic and accounting profits are the same.C) economic profits are less than accounting profits. D) economic costs are the same as accounting costs.
Q:
Voluntary agreements may not be a feasible method to internalize an externality whenA) the dollar value of the externality is large.B) the externality is negative rather than positive. C) there are significant transaction costs.D) there are high taxes on the firms that cause the externalities.
Q:
The health care market in the United States is characterized by
A) considerable government involvement.
B) third-party payment of health care costs.
C) asymmetric information between providers and consumers.
D) all of the above
Q:
Why should a perfect competitor produce at which price equals marginal cost?
Q:
Which of the following is a true statement?A) Any property right system will yield a situation in which all externalities are internalized. B) Voluntary agreements can always yield a situation in which all externalities are internalized.C) Opportunity costs always exist with whoever has property rights.D) Opportunity costs turn external costs into social costs.
Q:
ʺThe market demand curve for labor is the horizontal summation of the labor demand curves of all firms.ʺ Do you agree or disagree? Why?
Q:
A monopolist is maximizing profit at an output rate of 1,000 units per month. At this output rate, the price that its customers are willing and able to pay is $8 per unit, average total cost is $5 per unit, and marginal cost is $6 per unit. It may be concluded that at this monthly output rate, marginal revenue isA) $5 per unit, and the monopolist earns zero economic profits.B) $6 per unit, and the monopolist earns economic profits of $2,000 per month. C) $6 per unit, and the monopolist earns economic losses of $1,000 per month. D) $6 per unit, and the monopolist earns economic profits of $3,000 per month.
Q:
Suppose that during a given time period the implicit cost for a business was $1,500 and that the explicit cost was $6,000. Also suppose that the firm sold 1,000 units of its products at $7 per item. We can conclude that the firmʹsA) accounting profit was $1,000, and its economic profit was -$500. B) accounting and economic profits were both $1000.C) accounting profit was -$500, and economic profit was $1,000. D) accounting profit was $1000, and economic profit was -$1,500.
Q:
ʺThe slope of the demand curve gives the elasticity of demand.ʺ Do you agree or disagree?
Why?
Q:
Which of the following type of shops is unlawful under the provisions of the Taft -Hartley Act?A) union shops B) closed shopsC) modified union shops D) open shops