Question

choose one (1): a, b, or c.

a.infant crying is often viewed as an expression of discomfort, or a simple reflex, or mere fussing. how does an ethological perspective add to our understanding of it?

b. a 2-year-old girl is taken by her parents to the hospital for an operation. when the parents begin to leave, the child dries desperately. prior to bowlby, we might have supposed the child was immature. how has bowlbys theory cast such behavior in a new light?

c.people see the infants early social smiles as very cute, but think nothing more about them. how does bowlbys theory add to our understanding of the early social smile?

Answer

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