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Question

Case 14.2
Officer Antioch is investigating a disturbance in a large apartment building. The complainant says that the people in Apartment 103 won"t stop playing their music so loud that the complainant can"t sleep. Officer Antioch knocks on the door of Apartment 103 and Melissa answers the door. Officer Antioch is also overwhelmed by the loudness of the stereo system and asks Melissa to turn the stereo down. While he is standing in the hallway, Melissa jumps towards the coffee table that contains drug paraphernalia, grabs a bag of white powder, and rushes towards the bathroom. Officer Antioch believes Melissa is about to flush illegal drugs down the toilet and enters the apartment, but Melissa closes the bathroom door behind her. Officer Antioch then hears the distinctive sound of the toilet flushing. Melissa exits the bathroom as if nothing had happened. Officer Antioch knows that possession of the drug paraphernalia is itself a felony, but just then Bob appears from an adjoining bedroom, grabs the drug paraphernalia from the coffee table and sprints out of the apartment. Officer Antioch sees Bob banging on the door of another apartment belonging to Charlie and Charlie admits Bob. Officer Antioch barges into Charlie's apartment and arrests Bob, who is still holding the drug paraphernalia from Melissa's apartment. He also arrests Melissa for the possession of drug paraphernalia. Officer Antioch searches Bob and finds that he also has cocaine in his front pocket.

Officer Antioch's entry into Melissa's apartment:
a. required him to secure a search warrant based on probable cause that a crime had been or was being committed as Melissa has a reasonable expectation of privacy to her personal home.
b. is permitted since he was investigating a disturbance of the peace.
c. required him to announce he was entering the apartment "in the name of the law."
d. is permitted since he believed drugs would be destroyed.

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