Q&A Hero

Q: Individuals are only able to identify with one co-culture at a time, making this aspect of their cultural identity less meaningful than others.

Q: While the media are often criticized for interfering with social activities, many people turn to the media to meet their social needs.

Q: What are the three crucial tasks the introduction of a speech must accomplish? Explain how a speaker can accomplish those tasks.

Q: Why is conflict described as inevitable and unavoidable in relationships?

Q: Which of the following would not be considered an artifact? a. the ring your friend wears in her nostril b. the Chicago Cubs baseball cap your friend wears whenever he watches a game c. the size and shape of your friends nose d. the tattoo your friend got when he spent the summer abroad in Spain

Q: Codes lose their value once they are known broadly by a large number of people.

Q: Despite the reputation the media have for being biased, research actually indicates that news media today are no more biased or politically partisan than they were in the 1980s.

Q: There are some essential guidelines for writing a good outline, regardless of whether it is a working or speaking outline, or whether it is a sentence, phrase, or key-word outline. Describe, in detail, what you understand those guidelines to be. C = knowledge and comprehension; D = 2

Q: Provide a brief example of a conflict you have managed through compromise.

Q: Vocalizations like uh huh and um that signal you want to speak while another person is talking are called a. encouragers. b. verbal responders. c. back-channel cues. d. channel discrepancies.

Q: The meanings of symbols are arbitrary and are negotiated between people.

Q: Cable television is subject to government regulation because it transmits its content over public cable networks.

Q: Compare and contrast the working and speaking outlines. How does the speaker transition from a working outline to a speaking outline? Between the sentence, phrase, and key-word styles of outlines, which ones work best for working outlines and which ones work better for speaking outlines? *Note: if testing is done after coverage of Chapter 13, this question can be adapted to synthesize information about delivery by adding: How might the style of outline used impact the effectiveness of the speakers delivery?

Q: In a single sentence, explain why compromise isnt considered a win-win approach to conflict management.

Q: Elements like pitch, volume, rate, and other vocal qualities are called a. body language. b. phonolesics. c. paralanguage. d. oculesics.

Q: Humans are able to communicate without the use of symbols.

Q: The FCC has the authority to regulate all television content.

Q: Describe the following organizational patterns and the types of speeches each would work well to organize: chronological pattern, topical pattern, spatial pattern, problem-solution pattern, cause-effect pattern, and motivated sequence pattern. C = knowledge and comprehension; D = 2

Q: What is the difference between probing and playing devils advocate?

Q: Audiences prefer speakers who use eye contact behaviors that scan the audience, making each member or section of the audience feel like the speaker has addressed them specifically. This indicates the power of __________, or the use of the eyes in communication settings. a. proxemics b. kinesics c. chronemics d. oculesics

Q: In healthy relationships, there is usually equally shared controlboth parties have about even levels of control over one another and the communication.

Q: The First Amendment prevents the government from regulating television content.

Q: A __________ is the final speech plan, complete with details, delivery tips, and notes about presentational aids.

Q: List two cooperative strategies that can be used to effectively manage conflict.

Q: While delivering your presentation, you begin to twist the ring on your right hand and your right leg begins to shake. What category of body movement is illustrated in this example? a. illustrator b. adaptor c. emblem d. regulator

Q: The more control one person has in a communication relationship, the less the other person has.

Q: While the FCC has the authority to regulate broadcast television networks, cable and satellite networks often self-censor in order to avoid offending viewers and advertisers.

Q: What is wrong with the following excerpt from a phrase outline describing how to make stained glass?

Q: What are the four destructive communication behaviors that John Gottman identified as strong predictors of relationship dissolution?

Q: During a church service, you silently hold one finger up to your mouth to communicate nonverbally to your little brother that he must be quiet. What category of body movement are you using to communicate your message? a. illustrator b. adaptor c. emblem d. affect display

Q: Communication offers us multiple ways to accomplish a goal.

Q: Despite its reputation for low culture, television has produced more sophisticated programming over the last couple of decades.

Q: Besides grabbing attention, what else should a speaker accomplish during the introduction of a speech?

Q: In which types of cultures do people believe that the conflict cannot be divorced from the relationship and, so, conflict disrupts the harmony of the relationship?

Q: What is commonly referred to as body language is actually the observation of __________, or the way our body movements and gestures send messages. a. kinesics b. proxemics c. oculesics d. chronemics

Q: While communication is helpful, we do not need to be able to communicate to get the things we want and need in life.

Q: Eighty to 90 percent of mass media revenue is generated by only about 10 to 20 percent of the media products made.

Q: List four strategies for grabbing an audiences attention at the beginning of a speech. H = Capture Your Audiences Attention (pp. 269‒270); C = knowledge; D = 3

Q: Contrast an uncertain versus a defensive communication climate.

Q: Nonverbal behaviors that coordinate verbal interaction by helping us to navigate the back-and-forth of communication in a constructive, appropriate manner are serving which function? a. accenting b. repeating c. regulating d. substituting

Q: We sometimes express emotions to help fulfill our practical needs.

Q: The amount of time Americans spend devoted to media has remained unchanged over the last five years.

Q: Provide an example of a simile.

Q: Define communication boundary management.

Q: You see a friend across the room at a crowded party, but its too loud for you to say hello from this distance. Instead, you make eye contact with him and nod your head as an acknowledgment and greeting. Which term best fits the function of your nonverbal behavior? a. accenting b. substituting c. contradicting d. repeating

Q: Human beings are born with the capacity to communicate.

Q: Most kids and teens spend nearly eight hours per day devoted to media, including television, movies, Internet, music, and other media sources.

Q: What is the difference between simile and metaphor?

Q: Provide a brief example (real or hypothetical) to illustrate identity management as a form of provocation.

Q: Your friend asks you how youre doing, and you say, OK, while holding up your hand in the gesture Americans understand to be the OK sign. What reinforcing behavior are you using to clarify your message? a. repeating b. complementing c. accenting d. substituting

Q: __________ are the thoughts a communicator has about himself or herself and others. a. Feelings b. Cognitions c. Emotions d. Behaviors

Q: Advances in communication technologies are blurring the lines between traditional mass media and more interpersonal forms of communication.

Q: What is allusion, and why would a speaker use it in a speech?

Q: List three of the five forms of provocation identified in your textbook.

Q: Which of the following does not represent the way nonverbal behaviors can clarify the meaning of a verbal message by reinforcing it? a. repeating b. complementing c. substituting d. accenting

Q: The __________ model of communication presents a transactional perspective, in which individuals simultaneously send and receive messages within a relational context, a situational context, and a cultural context. a. linear b. interaction c. competent communication d. cultural

Q: We produce mass media messages when we text message our friends or change our Facebook status.

Q: What are the purposes of internal previews and summaries?

Q: From your own experiences, provide an example of a conflict that was triggered by unbalanced costs and rewards.

Q: __________ occurs when one set of a persons behaviors say one thing and another set of his or her behaviors says something different. a. Feedback b. Channel discrepancy c. Distortion d. Deception

Q: In the interaction model of communication, we refer to the receivers responses as a. noise. b. message. c. feedback. d. code.

Q: As colleges move more and more of their course content to the Web they may make information more accessible to students, but also need to be mindful of __________ because not all students have access to the resources they need to access online course content. a. technological deserts b. information barricades c. the digital divide d. the Web paradox

Q: Provide an example of a signpost.

Q: What are the three benefits of engaging in productive conflict?

Q: Which of the following is an example of a nonverbal behavior? a. You write a note asking your roommate to pick up your mail while youre out of town. b. You use American Sign Language to fingerspell your name when you meet a new deaf colleague at work. c. You wave an old friend over to sit with you at lunch in the cafeteria. d. You type a quick e-mail asking your professor if she has any feedback on the outline for your upcoming speech.

Q: In which model of communication do we see a sender who originates a message and sends it through a channel to a receiver without any kind of feedback taken into consideration? a. interaction model b. linear model c. transactional model d. competent communication model

Q: Media convergence may be a good thing, in that a greater variety of voices are contributing to the public conversation about various ideas and subjects. Society benefits when more of these voices are included in the public dialogue. These statements refer to which concept? a. social capital b. marketplace of ideas c. digital divide d. piracy

Q: In your own words, define a transition.

Q: What is the difference between conflict and conflict management?

Q: The process of intentionally or unintentionally signaling meaning through behavior other than words defines which of the following terms? a. verbal communication b. nonverbal communication c. body language d. encoding

Q: When communication is appropriate, it a. helps you meet your goals. b. meets the demands of the situation, as well as the expectations of ones communication partner and any other people present. c. has little or no potential for being misunderstood. d. produces some kind of product as a result of the exchange between the communicators.

Q: Individuals and groups that have the power to control the creation and distribution of information and entertainment are referred to as a. executives. b. gatekeepers. c. journalists. d. producers.

Q: List the five steps in the motivated sequence.

Q: Beth and Adam have decided that when they go on vacation Adam will get to make decisions related to the logistics of the travel arrangementswhere to stay and how to get from one place to anotherbut Beth will get to make the decisions about what they will do in each city and book their outings. They have employed separation as their conflict management strategy.

Q: What are the challenges of using communication technology to communicate verbally? What can we do to manage those challenges? In what ways have technologies like e-mail, chat, and text messaging changed the way we communicate verbally?

Q: __________ is the study of morals, specifically the moral choices individuals make in their relationships with others. a. Religion b. Culture c. Communication d. Ethics

Q: Which theory explains why a person who watches a lot of crime shows, like CSI or Law and Order, may begin to believe that violent crime is more common than it really is? a. cultivation theory b. media convergence theory c. social cognitive theory d. third person effect

Q: For which of the three general purposes discussed in Chapter 11 would the problem- solution pattern be best suited?

Q: Reliance on compromise as a way of managing conflict can lead to lower relationship satisfaction.

Q: Shawna grew up in a poor inner-city neighborhood, but has recently moved to pursue her undergraduate degree at a prestigious university. Shes an intelligent woman and she works very hard to earn good grades in all of her classesshe was a star among her high school peers. Unfortunately, she finds that many of her professors at the university dismiss her questions and comments in class because of her language usethey just dont seem to understand what shes saying or to recognize the intelligence and insight behind what she offers. Synthesizing what you have learned throughout this chapter, what would you say to Shawna to help her understand the linguistic challenge she has encountered? What can Shawna do to manage this communication problem?