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Speech
Q:
Bringing third parties into the conflict conversation usually reduces defensiveness.
Q:
The collaborating style of conflict management is the same as which of the following a. problem focused b. integrative c. disjunctive d. yielding
Q:
Which of the following constitutes competitive responses to flaming? a. joking b. reciprocal flaming c. apologies d. mediating
Q:
Conflict is most likely when incompatible goals are important to both people and hard to obtain.
Q:
Conflict is most likely to occur in the context of close relationships.
Q:
Same-sex siblings of about the same age are particularly likely to engage in frequent, competitive fighting.
Q:
The frequency of conflict is the most potent predictor of divorce.
Q:
A socialization effect often occurs, with children adopting conflict styles similar to their parents conflict styles.
Q:
A procrastination effect often occurs with children of conflict-oriented parents reluctant to jump into a conflict they witness.
Q:
Competitive fighting is characterized by an uncooperative orientation and an indirect style of communication.
Q:
People can make a choice to respond to flaming in a constructive way.
Q:
When parties in conflict begin to stonewall, it means that they a. begin to fight back instead of accommodating the other persons needs. b. withdraw from the interaction. c. accommodate the problematic behavior. d. collaborate and try to reach an agreement, even if it means giving up part of their needs.
Q:
According to research by Gottman , satisfied couples provide about positive statement(s) for every negative statement. a. 1 b. 5 c. 10 d. 15
Q:
Conflict generally: a. includes yelling and screaming b. is synonymous with disagreement c. is a function of goal compatibility but incompatible methods d. all of the above
Q:
Most romantic couples have ______disagreements per week, with _____ disagreements per month being particularly unpleasant a. 1 to 3, 1 or 2 b. 2, 6 c. 2 to 4, 3 or 4 d. few, 1 or 2
Q:
Couples who handle conflict in a calm, collaborative fashion a. tend to reinforce conflict behavior in their children. b. tend to be satisfied with their relationships. c. are at great risk for divorce d. typically do not have children
Q:
Competitive Fighting is the same as which of the following conflict styles? a. direct fighting b. distributive communication c. the contentious style. d. all of the above
Q:
In contrast to the spill-over effect mentioned in Question #10, the socialization effect suggests that children: a. model their parents conflict behavior. b. are most likely to have an aggressive conflict style when their parents use dysfunctional parenting styles with them and aggressive conflict styles with each other. c. of aggressive parents become so preoccupied with family problems that they find it difficult to make new friends. d. are likely to develop aggressive conflict styles when their parents communicate differently with each than with the them, leading to role confusion.
Q:
If people make _________ attributions, they believe that the cause of another persons behavior is based on their personality. When they make __________ attributions, they believe that another persons behavior is caused by situational factors. a. specific, global b. stable, unstable c. internal, external d. relationship enhancing, distress maintaining
Q:
Alex and Erika have been in a relationship for 15 years. Both of them describe their relationship as being happy and satisfying. One day while trying to make plans for the weekend, Erika snaps at Alex, saying that Alexs ideas sound uninteresting and uncreative and that they might as well just stay home. Based on the quality of their relationship, how is Alex most likely to explain Erikas insulting behavior? a. Erika is a scrooge who is always critical of my ideas. b. Erika is a good person and is always honest. Thats why we get along so great. c. Here we go again. Erika must be saying that to make me feel guilty. d. Erika isnt usually so critical. She is probably having a bad day because of all the stress at work.
Q:
In one of your classes, you are assigned to work in a small group with a person who consistently refutes certain positions. Without directly teasing or insulting others, he attacks other peoples ideas by explaining flaws in their reasoning. Which of the following types of social ability is this person displaying? a. verbal aggressiveness b. argumentativeness c. interpersonal violence d. collaborative conflict tactics
Q:
If people engage in gunnysacking, it means that they: a. try to accommodate the other persons needs over their own to resolve the issue. b. insult the other person in ways that they know will be especially hurtful. c. store up many small issues over time, ultimately bringing them all up during one conflict. d. try to resolve a conflict by giving up part of their needs so that both parties win something.
Q:
The cascade of the four horsemen of the apocalypse begins when: a. one or both partners stonewall. b. contempt or disgust arise in an interaction. c. one person complains or criticizes the other. d. one or both partners become defensive and deny responsibility for problems, make accusations, whine, or mindread the other persons intentions.
Q:
Which of the following best represents the definition of conflict provided in the text? a. verbal aggressiveness b. the four horsemen of the apocalypse c. a disagreement over incompatible goals d. relationship termination
Q:
Studies have shown that there is a positive correlation between relational closeness and conflict. According to the text, this makes sense because: a. people in close relationships feel freer to express disagreement. b. people who spend a lot of time together have more opportunity to have conflict. c. people who have been together for a long time have more problems to fight about. d. both a and b are true.
Q:
In terms of the effects of conflict on relationships, which of the following is true about conflict? a. The frequency with which conflict occurs determines whether a relationship will end. b. The way conflict is managed can determine how satisfying a relationship is. c. All conflicts involve aggression, which are inherently detrimental to a relationship. d. A couples first big fight has a more powerful influence on relational satisfaction than do any subsequent arguments.
Q:
Nikolai and Teresa are trying to decide which restaurant they should take their friend Thomas to for his birthday. Nikolai wants to take Thomas to a Vietnamese restaurant (which serves generous portions of inexpensive but delicious food), and Teresa wants to take Thomas to a French restaurant (which serves expensive and beautifully presented food). To resolve the issue, they decide to flip a coin. If Nikolai wins the coin toss they will take Thomas to the Vietnamese restaurant and the next time a friend of theirs has a birthday they will take her or him to the French restaurant Teresa likes. If Teresa wins the coin toss, they will go to the French restaurant first and the Vietnamese restaurant later. The conflict style they used is best described as: a. avoidant. b. compromising. c. collaborating. d. yielding.
Q:
Take another look at Question #4. If Nikolai and Teresa searched the Internet for new restaurants and then decided to take Thomas to a very modern restaurant that serves Vietnamese food in a French style, their conflict style would best be described as: a. avoiding. b. compromising. c. collaborating. d. yielding.
Q:
Behaviors such as sighing, rolling ones eyes, and giving the silent treatment fall under the conflict style called: a. avoiding. b. indirect fighting. c. competitive fighting. d. yielding.
Q:
Which indirect conflict style can be either cooperative or uncooperative depending on the situation? a. avoiding b. indirect fighting c. yielding d. compromising
Q:
Which two conflict styles are considered to be the most cooperative? a. compromising and collaborating b. collaborating and yielding c. avoiding and yielding d. compromising and indirect fighting.
Q:
The negative spiral sequence characterized by one partner wanting to talk about an issue, while the other continually avoids the issue is a. reciprocal negative behavior. b. double withdrawal. c. demand-withdrawal. d. accommodation.
Q:
One study showed that college students text their romantic partners an average of 6 times a day and call them on their cell phones 15 to 20 times a day.
Q:
According to spill-over effect, children who witness their parents engaging in frequent, aggressive conflict are more likely to have trouble interacting with their peers and performing at their full potential in school because: a. they model their parents aggressive behavior. b. parents who engage in dysfunctional conflict are also likely to have dysfunctional parenting styles. c. they are preoccupied with problems at home. d. their parents tend to communicate differently with each than with the children, leading to role confusion.
Q:
Teens and young adults see their cell phones as critical for maintaining relationships and keeping in contact with members of their social network.
Q:
List and describe four definitions of relationship maintenance. Argue for the definition you prefer.
Q:
Describe the research on cohabitation with regard to relational satisfaction and relational longevity. Be sure to compare cohabitators to married people.
Q:
What is equity theory and how can it be used to understand the following: a) fairness, b) relational satisfaction, c) financial resources, and d) consequences of being underbenefitted.
Q:
List and discuss five behaviors that you believe are most important in relationship maintenance. Argue for the importance of each behavior.
Q:
What are prosocial maintenance10behaviors? List and discuss five of these.
Q:
Marital satisfaction increases after parenthood.
Q:
Cohabitating couples who plan to get married are no more likely to get married that cohabitating couples that do not plan to get married.
Q:
General equity (or inequity) represents an overall assessment of balance between two peoples benefits and contributions.
Q:
A relationship can be unbalanced in terms of specific equity, but balanced overall.
Q:
Individuals in inequitable relationships experience more satisfaction.
Q:
People in Asia and Eastern Europe prefer equality over equity.
Q:
Around half of spouses report that their marriages are equitable.
Q:
Openness and social networking are two prosocial maintenance behaviors.
Q:
The amount of time people spend together is also negatively related to relational satisfaction.
Q:
According to research discussed in the text, which of the following strategies is an effective means of restoring equity? a. An over benefited person starts to put less into the relationship. b. An under benefited person starts to put more into the relationship. c. A person re-evaluates her or his degree of underbenefitedness after considering all the contributions her or his partner makes to the relationship. d. all of the above strategies are effective for restoring equity
Q:
Which of the following is true of cohabiting couples? a. Cohabitating couples are less likely to break up than married couples are to divorce. b. Married couples who cohabitate are more likely to stay married than those who never cohabitated. c. Satisfaction levels decrease over time in marriages regardless of whether couples cohabited or not. d. Cohabitating couple experience less conflict than other couple types.
Q:
Married people tend to report being happier and more satisfied with their lives than do single people.
Q:
Which type of cross-sex friendship has been found to contain the most maintenance behavior? a. strictly platonic b. mutual romance c. desires romance d. rejects romance
Q:
A friends with benefits relationship is different from a romantic relationship because: a. of the sexual nature of the romantic relationship. b. friends with benefits relationships often last longer than romantic relationships. c. jealousy is more acceptable in friends with benefits relationships than romantic. relationships. d. romantic relationships are usually defined by more commitment and exclusivity.
Q:
According to research reported in your text book, the biggest disadvantage that college students associate with friends with benefits relationships is that: a. there are risks associated with having sex. b. there is a low level of commitment in the relationship. c. one partner might develop romantic feelings. d. their social network might disapprove of their relationship.
Q:
Which of the following statements about friends with benefits relationships is FALSE according to the research reported in your text book? a. Women tend to emphasize the friends part of the relationship, whereas men tend to emphasize the benefits part of the relationship b. Most partners negotiate ground rules in their friends with benefits relationships. c. The most common ground rule in friends with benefits relationships is to stay emotionally detached. d. About half of partners in these relationships report feeling uncertainty about their friends with benefits relationship.
Q:
Research suggests that the most common reason cross-sex friends keep their relationship platonic is: a. to safeguard the relationship. b. to avoid network disapproval. c. because they are not physically attracted to each other. d. because they do not want a romantic relationship with anyone at the present time.
Q:
The concept of ___________________ has been used to explain why some couples become disillusioned and less relationally satisfied when their formerly long distance relationships become proximal. a. possessive jealousy b. idealization c. out of sight out of mind d. maintenance switching
Q:
In terms of sex differences in maintenance behaviors, the authors of your text book takes the position that: a. Men and women are from different galaxies. b. Men are from Mars; Women are from Venus. c. Men are from North Dakota; Women are from South Dakota. d. Men and women are from the same city.
Q:
Which of the following statements is NOT one of the principles of equity theory as presented in your textbook? a. People in groups and dyads develop rules for distributing resources fairly. b. When individuals are in inequitable relationships, they will experience distress. c. Individuals in equitable relationships engage in more pro-social behavior than do individuals in inequitable relationships. d. The most satisfying relationships occur when both partners in the relationship believe that they are over benefited.
Q:
Tim receives 30 benefits for every 15 contributions he makes to his relationship with Sarah. Sarah, on the other hand, receives 25 benefits for every 5 contributions she makes. According to equity theory: a. Tim is over benefitted and Sarah is underbenefitted. b. Tim is underbenefitted and Sarah is over benefitted. c. Both Tim and Sarah are underbenefitted. d. Both Tim and Sarah are over benefitted.
Q:
An under benefitted person is more likely than an over benefitted person to: a. be angry and aggressive. b. feel guilty. c. use prosocial maintenance behaviors. d. a and b
Q:
An over benefitted person is more likely than an underbenefitted person to: a. be happy b. feel guilty. c. feel distressed. d. a and b
Q:
Based on the basic principles of equity theory, which of the following men would be dissatisfied with his relationship? a. Terrell, whose partner lets him makes all the decisions and does all the cooking and cleaning for him. b. Will, who ends up doing most of the household tasks and is given little say in major decisions that affect the family. c. Rick, who perceives that he puts in more resources into the marriage than his wife, but also gets more resources from the marriage. d. both Terrell and Will
Q:
Your textbook reports that rather than valuing equity, people in Asia and Eastern believe that: a. resources should be distributed equally among people regardless of their contributions b. resources should be distributed based on the contributions people make. c. over- and under-benefitted individuals should have the same amount of decision-making power when it comes to distributing resources. d. resources should be distributed based on social class rather than the number of contributions people make.
Q:
List and discuss four fundamental themes of relational communication.
Q:
Which of the following was not discussed in the textbook as a way of defining relational maintenance? a. keeping a relationship in existence b. keeping a relationship in repair c. keeping a relationship in a specified state or condition d. keeping a relationship highly committed
Q:
Talking about the future of the relationship falls under the maintenance behavior called: a. assurances b. avoidance c. openness and routine talk d. social networking
Q:
Which of the following behaviors is the best example of the maintenance behavior called positivity? a. planning separate activities b. acting cheerful and optimistic c. giving your partner an especially nice gift d. spending a holiday with your partners family
Q:
Which of the following behaviors is a prosocial maintenance behavior? a. allowing control b.avoidance c. talking about others d. task sharing
Q:
In which situation are people LEAST likely to use antisocial maintenance behaviors? a. When their relationships are satisfying. b. When they are desperate to hang onto a relationship. c. When they want to keep the relationship from getting closer. d. When they want to control the partner.
Q:
The text book summarizes a study that compared maintenance behavior in virtual, Pinocchio, cyber-emigrant, and real-world relationships. According to this study, the amount of maintenance behavior people use is best predicted by: a. modality b. commitment level c. satisfaction level d. personality variables
Q:
Which of the following statements is FALSE: a. Routine behaviors are generally more important for maintaining relationships than are strategic behaviors. b. Married and engaged couples report using more assurances and task sharing than dating couples. c. Couples who are in serious dating relationships report using more openness and positivity than couples who are married or casually dating. d. After the honeymoon stage, married couples report a steady decrease in their use of maintenance behavior such that maintenance is lower the longer they have been married.
Q:
Although gay and lesbian couples report using many of the same maintenance behaviors as straight couples, _____________________ is especially important for maintaining gay and lesbian relationships. a. self-disclosure b. bonding communication c. affection d. communicating equality
Q:
Which of the following maintenance behaviors do men friends use more than women friends? a. openness (self-disclosure) b. joint activities c. affection d. supportiveness
Q:
According to research discussed in the textbook, the #1 activity that middle school and high school girls would hate to have to give up is: a. playing computer games b. going to the mall c. talking on the telephone d. wearing designer clothing
Q:
Maureen and Michael are platonic cross-sex friends. Maureen's boyfriend gets jealous when she spends a lot of time with Michael; and Michael constantly has to explain to everyone that he is not interested in Maureen in a romantic way. The challenge they are dealing with is: a. the emotional bond challenge b. the sexual challenge c. the equity challenge d. the public presentation challenge
Q:
Tyler and Brianna are best friends, but sometimes they cant help thinking about each other as potential romantic partners rather than friends. The challenge they are dealing with is: a. the emotional bond challenge b. the sexual challenge c. the equality challenge d. the public presentation challenge
Q:
What is the impact of Facebook on interpersonal relationships? How does it help or hurt interpersonal relationships?
Q:
What is the difference between the content and relational communication of a messages? What kinds of messages are likely to contain each kind of communication?