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Special Education
Q:
Approximately 5,000 new teachers of the visually impaired graduate each year.
A) True
B) False
Q:
When students with learning and behavioral disabilities struggle with spatial organization in math, they may ____.
a. miss a step in solving a problem
b. reverse the order of reading a math problem
c. write numbers poorly or too large
d. not see obvious errors in responses
Q:
Since a collaborative team must share responsibility in making decisions that guide their efforts, individual members cannot be held accountable for such efforts that don"t succeed.
Q:
An example of students with learning and behavioral disabilities having difficulty performing skills that could help them learn more readily would be ____.
a. coming to attention
b. passive learning skills
c. learned helplessness
d. excessive self-confidence in their work
Q:
Students with orthopedic impairments ____.
a. generally have the same academic needs
b. are born with their impairment
c. may need assistance with personal care
d. usually function at below average cognitive levels
Q:
Visual impairments are one of the least prevalent disabilities.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Holly, a first grade student, got very angry and hit her classmate. Holly's teacher told her to sit in the chair in the quiet corner of the room for a few minutes where Holly could not take part in the art project. Holly's teacher used a punishment strategy called ____.
a. extinction
b. response cost
c. time-out
d. overcorrection
Q:
Which of the following is an example of a product problem in the writings of students with learning and behavioral disabilities?
a. little systemic planning
b. little useful revision
c. overuse of simple subject-verb constructions
d. failure to self-monitor writing
Q:
The term legally blind has been used as the federal definition of blindness.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Which of the following is a suggested guideline for using the INCLUDE strategy?
a. establish a standard wait time
b. ask only students who volunteer
c. ensure the questions match the instructional level
d. ask questions beyond the student's level
Q:
Students with learning and behavioral disabilities who frequently misread math signs have difficulty with which of the following key areas of math skills?
a. alertness to visual detail
b. difficulty with memory
c. problems with math language
d. procedural errors
Q:
Teachers may divide work to be completed in a collaborative effort, as long as they share decision making about the activities and overall effort.
Q:
Decoding problems are most observable when the student tries to ____.
a. summarize key points of what they have read
b. explain what they have learned from their reading
c. define vocabulary from the reading context
d. read a passage of text orally for the teacher
Q:
Dating for individuals with visual impairments is a typical concern for their families.
A) True
B) False
Q:
The IDEA category "other health impairments' includes ____.
a. traumatic brain injury
b. epilepsy
c. muscular dystrophy
d. ADHD
Q:
The term dyslexia is used to identify serious difficulties with ____.
a. problem solving
b. writing skills
c. mathematics
d. reading
Q:
Several formal instruments are available to assess students with visual impairments in educational settings.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Decreasing inappropriate behavior by taking something away from the student that the student desires is ____.
a. negative reinforcement
b. removal punishment
c. fading out
d. differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviors
Q:
Two major types of reading problems that students with learning and behavioral disabilities have are ____.
a. fluency and encoding
b. decoding and comprehension
c. word recognition and pronunciation
d. accuracy and reading rate
Q:
Approximately one fourth of students with visual impairments are served in residential schools.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Students with visual impairments often have other disabilities.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Individuals with emotional disturbances have problems learning primarily because of ____.
a. external or internal behavioral adjustment problems
b. difficulty processing and organizing information
c. inability to focus attention on instructional activities
d. significantly diminished cognitive capacity
Q:
Minimum wait time should be ____.
a. the time you select for each question
b. as long as it takes for students to respond
c. 4"6 seconds
d. up to 3 seconds
Q:
There are persistent shortages in trained personnel in the area of visual impairments.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Students with learning disabilities have problems learning because they have ____.
a. below-average cognitive ability
b. environmental disadvantages
c. trouble processing, organizing and applying information
d. behavioral adjustment problems
Q:
Positive ongoing collaboration between a teacher and paraprofessional is dependent upon ____.
a. the needs of the student
b. clear communication
c. the level of collegiality
d. shared philosophies of teaching
Q:
Adults with visual impairments are often isolated from their peers.
A) True
B) False
Q:
In order for teachers to effectively expand students' language through modeling, they should ____.
a. set aside time to work one-on-one with students with communication disorders
b. broaden or add information to statements made by students with communication disorders
c. incorporate modeling efforts into everyday communication with students
d. develop opportunities for students with communications disorders to interact with peers
Q:
The largest group of students with orthopedic impairments in public schools is ____.
a. spina bifida
b. muscular dystrophy
c. spinal chord injury
d. cerebral palsy
Q:
The primary goal of successful language programs is to help students with communication disorders to ____.
a. develop social interaction skills
b. be more successful academically
c. improve their self-concept and esteem
d. use appropriate language in a variety of social and academic situations
Q:
The two key parts of language with which an individual may have difficulty are categorized as ____.
a. speech and comprehension
b. reception and expression
c. articulation and listening
d. grammar and vocabulary
Q:
A photophobic child will typically prefer to function in brighter settings.
A) True
B) False
Q:
____ allows more student opportunities for practice and recitation.
a. Unison responding
b. Group volunteering
c. Massed practice
d. Grouped practice
Q:
To accommodate students with communication disorders, teachers should create a learning atmosphere of acceptance by ____.
a. directly correcting all language mistakes
b. completing thoughts when students struggle to articulate
c. supplying words that are difficult to pronounce
d. reinforcing even attempts to communicate
Q:
A documented visual impairment by a medical professional is the only requirement for students to receive special education services.
A) True
B) False
Q:
When a behavior is not reinforced, it eventually decreases. This is called ____.
a. negative reinforcement
b. fading out
c. a response cost
d. extinction
Q:
Teachers can directly teach students with communication disorders listening skills by providing practice in ____.
a. vocabulary building
b. following directions
c. reading common words
d. completing workbook pages
Q:
Students with language problems struggle academically because ____.
a. they have difficulty pronouncing key vocabulary
b. the teachers require fluent speech in class
c. they have difficulty acquiring word analysis and spelling skills
d. their speech patterns irritate teachers and peers
Q:
Each of the following is true of students with cerebral palsy EXCEPT:
a. it occurs due to injury to the brain before, during, or after birth
b. they typically have intellectual disabilities
c. it affects a combination of limbs with varying degrees of severity
d. about 10,000 infants and preschoolers are diagnosed with cerebral palsy each year
Q:
Students with receptive language problems may have difficulty ____.
a. initiating social language
b. using correct grammar
c. understanding what people mean when they speak to you
d. discussing abstract concepts
Q:
Because of the nature of the teacher-paraprofessional partnership, collaboration ____.
a. is impossible and unnecessary
b. should be limited to the extent possible
c. can take the form of co-teaching
d. may sometimes occur in shared problem solving
Q:
Hyperopia is also referred to as farsightedness.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by difficulty with ____.
a. fluency
b. enunciation
c. voice
d. articulation
Q:
Wait time ____.
a. is the amount of time you give students to think about the answer before responding
b. is the amount of time you allow between giving examples and negative examples
c. has to do with modifying the pace of your instructional presentation
d. has to do with providing timely feedback to your students
Q:
Some people with visual impairments can see well with appropriate correction.
A) True
B) False
Q:
Individuals with speech disorders may have life-long emotional problems because they typically ____.
a. have cognitive or developmental delays
b. experience peer rejection
c. prefer to be socially isolated
d. have difficulty focusing in social situations
Q:
With the technique of differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviors, ____.
a. reinforcers are used to decrease inappropriate behavior by increasing related appropriate behavior
b. students receive the same reward over a period of time and eventually no longer find it rewarding
c. inappropriate behaviors are decreased by taking something away from the student that is desired by the student
d. students are removed from opportunities to earn rewards
Q:
Which of the following is not a necessary guideline for developing effective teacher-paraprofessional teams?
a. coordinating activities to increase what can be accomplished
b. asking paraprofessionals for ideas, suggestions and opinions
c. avoiding interrupting paraprofessionals when they are engaged with students
d. including the paraprofessional in multidisciplinary meetings
Q:
Equipment used for the "Daily Living and Self-Help" curriculum includes all except
A) Walkers
B) Automatic thermostats
C) Button switches
D) Lifts for swimming pools
Q:
Teachers need to remember that students with hearing loss who use amplification devices ____.
a. may be distracted by amplified background noises
b. can only hear the voice being directly amplified
c. work best when interacting in groups
d. will not use a form of sign language
Q:
Age-related needs that should be addressed by the IEP when designing a transition plan include
A) Travel
B) Low-vision devices
C) Leisure activities
D) All of the above
Q:
The largest group of individuals with high-incidence disabilities falls into the federal disability category of ____.
a. intellectual disabilities
b. emotional disabilities
c. learning disabilities
d. speech impairments
Q:
____ occurs when a consequence applied has the effect of decreasing a behavior.
a. Fading out
b. Positive reinforcement
c. Extinction
d. Punishment
Q:
Educational assessments may be modified for accessibility in all but the following ways:
A) With larger print
B) Braille
C) Oral presentation
D) Video presentation
Q:
Jamie has difficulty being understood when she speaks primarily because she slurs words. Her speech problem is with ____.
a. fluency
b. pitch
c. voice
d. articulation
Q:
_____ is a colorless mass of soft, gelatin-like material that fills the eyeball behind the lens.
A) Cornea
B) Iris
C) Lens
D) Vitreous humor
Q:
What is a "social story"? When and for which category of special needs students is this specialized technique most appropriate?
Q:
The colored, circular part of the eye in front of the lens that controls the size of the pupil is the _____.
A) Cornea
B) Iris
C) Lens
D) Vitreous humor
Q:
____ help the teacher find out whether students have the basic understanding necessary for higher-level thought.
a. Evaluative questions
b. Divergent questions
c. Lower-level questions
d. Higher-level questions
Q:
Students with high-incidence disabilities share all of the following characteristics except ____.
a. they benefit from systematic highly structured interventions
b. they require use of AT devices
c. they are difficult to distinguish from peers without disabilities
d. they exhibit a combination of behavioral, social and academic problems
Q:
Explain "stereotypic" behavior. Include in your response which students may display this behavior and why.
Q:
An electronic Braille embosser that translates text from a Braille keyboard to a printer:
A) Trekker
B) Perkins Brailler
C) Mountbatten Brailler
D) Duxbury Braille Translator
Q:
Teachers can expect paraprofessionals to assume all of the following tasks except ____.
a. record keeping
b. working with small groups
c. developing lessons
d. setting up materials for a lesson
Q:
Provide two examples of accommodations that will help reduce behavior problems.
Q:
A hereditary condition involving gradual degeneration of the retina is
A) Retinitis pigmentosa
B) Cataracts
C) Glaucoma
D) Macular degeneration
Q:
When trying to modify the learning environment to support the needs of students with hearing loss, teachers should ____.
a. move about the room as they present lessons
b. exaggerate words to facilitate speech reading
c. support instruction with visual aids
d. repeat information orally until students understand
Q:
________ was an early champion of the visually impaired who believed that persons who were blind could lead normal lives.
A) Diderot
B) Hay
C) Paradis
D) Saunderson
Q:
Which of the following recommendations would you make to a new teacher about giving oral directions?
a. Be sure to give a long series of directions together so that students can see their interrelationship.
b. Be sure to use concrete terms in the directions.
c. Avoid giving demonstrations along with directions.
d. Avoid using cue phrases like "please listen" before giving directions.
Q:
Provide two examples of the questions you should ask yourself about the goals for a student with low-incidence disabilities.
Q:
The U.S. Department of Education reported that approximately ____ children ages 6 to 21 received services in the 2011"2012 school year because of a vision impairment.
A) 3,400
B) 15,000
C) 20,000
D) 25,700
Q:
A student who receives the same reward over time may no longer find it rewarding. This best defines ____.
a. response cost
b. satiation
c. primary reinforcement
d. removal punishment
Q:
Explain when the term "developmental delay" may be used to describe a student's disability category.
Q:
The individual most responsible for seeing that the paraprofessional has adequate understanding of established classroom expectations is the ____.
a. consultant
b. special education teacher
c. general education teacher
d. building administrator
Q:
Identify at least five suggestions for teaching students with hearing impairments. Give an example of each.
Q:
Students born with hearing loss often struggle academically because they have ____.
a. limited intelligence as measured by IQ tests
b. problems developing social skills
c. distinct cultural needs and expectations
d. difficulty understanding language
Q:
What is one responsibility a paraprofessional could be assigned when working with a low-incidence disability student?
Q:
What is the largest group of students with orthopedic impairments in the public school system? Explain how this disability occurs and include in your response one possible physical challenge the student may exhibit.
Q:
Describe some of the possible educational needs of individuals with profound hearing loss.
Q:
A method that combines the definition, positive examples, and negative examples approach with graphic organizers is ____.
a. a concept diagram
b. a visual synonym
c. a pre-skills plotter
d. key idea graphing
Q:
Students with low-incidence disabilities makeup what percent of all students with disabilities in schools?