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Management
Q:
4. Describe the relationship between expatriate adjustment to the foreign assignment and jobperformance by the expatriate.
Q:
3. Discuss the different ways the success of expatriates in foreign assignments has been measured.
Q:
Discuss the main factors that impact the staffing strategy of multinational organizations?
Q:
Describe the four staffing strategies of multinational organizations that involve the use of expatriates
Q:
______ bias has to do with the extent to which cultural groups systematically choose the extreme points or the middle points on rating scales.
Q:
______ equivalence relates to similarities and differences in the way to which the cultural groups being studied respond to measurement instruments in general.
Q:
______ research attempts to replicate research results first found in one country, typically the United States, by repeating the research in other countries.
Q:
______ research seeks to understand the interactions between culturally different individuals in organizational settings.
Q:
______ research captures those studies that focus attention on the multinational enterprise.
Q:
______ research seeks to find both the similarities and differences that exist across cultures regarding a particular management issue.
Q:
______ include explicit organizational rules and procedures as well as governmental laws, and also implicit norms about how we do things around here that are well known and typically followed in an organization or society.
Q:
Managers rely on other people, their ______, and norms in order to understand how to carry out their job.
Q:
The elements of the global managers environment can be divided into four categories: economic, legal, political, and ______.
Q:
The international activities of those engaging in transnational crime and terrorism overlap. However, their primary motives are different. The primary motive of those engaged in transnational crime is financial. The primary motive of those engaged in terrorism is ______.
Q:
The most significant force toward globalization, the one with the most potential to shape the international management landscape, might be the dramatic advances in ______.
Q:
Many of the limitations of the research about managing across cultures are being remedied as scholars recognize the increased demand for relevance of research.
Q:
Management scholars' reliance on theory and findings from the United States is not the result of an inherent belief in the superiority of U.S. management.
Q:
The elements of the global managers environment can be divided into four categories: economic, legal, political, and cultural.
Q:
Privatization might be the most significant force toward globalization.
Q:
Changes that affect the stability of the work environment within organizations result from downsizing, privatization, international migration, and team-based management.
Q:
The economic interconnections among countries were dramatically increased with the advent of free-trade areas in the 1980s creating a greater degree of interconnectedness among the worlds economies.
Q:
Cross-cultural interaction has been described as the manifestation of the world as a single place and the overlapping of the interests of business and society.
Q:
Masons research on business practices in Cyprus has been criticized for relying on responses to questionnaires gathered at a single point in time. It appears that Masons research suffers from the common critique of international and cross-cultural research of ______. A. assuming country homogeneity B. parochialism C. lack of relevance D. reliance on a single method
Q:
Caleb is concerned that the research he conducts on business practices in the United States will be not viewed as important in other countries reflects the common critique of international and cross-cultural research of ______.
A. lack of relevance
B. assuming country homogeneity
C. parochialism
D. reliance on a single method
Q:
Madelyns study of management practices in Brazil has been criticized for not documenting known within-nation subcultures. It appears that Madelyns research suffers from the common critique of international and cross-cultural research of ______.
A. reliance on a single method
B. parochialism
C. assuming country homogeneity
D. lack of relevance
Q:
Jaydens research of management practices in Finland has been criticized for ignoring culture and assuming that conclusions from his domestic research will be universal. It appears that Jaydens research suffers from the common critique of international and cross-cultural research of ______.
A. assuming country homogeneity
B. lack of relevance
C. reliance on a single method
D. parochialism
Q:
In cross-cultural research, the most common qualitative method of data collection is ______.
A. questionnaires
B. interviews
C. phone calls
D. observation
Q:
In cross-cultural research, the most common method of quantitative data collection is ______.
A. questionnaires
B. interviews
C. phone calls
D. observation
Q:
______ uses a small number of participants in research who accurately represent a larger identifiable population.
A. Method equivalence
B. Extremity
C. Sampling
D. Nonequivalence
Q:
______ in survey questions can result from poor item translation, complex wording, and culture-specific phrasing.
A. Sampling
B. Nonequivalence
C. Quantitative method
D. Cross-cultural equivalence
Q:
______ is the extent that questions in a survey have similar measurement properties across different groups.
A. Metric equivalence
B. Cross-cultural equivalence
C. Extremity
D. Method equivalence
Q:
Ethan noticed that different cultural groups seem to systematically choose the extreme points or the middle points on the rating scales in his research. Ethan is noticing ______ bias.
A. method equivalence
B. extremity
C. sampling
D. quantitative method
Q:
Aiden is concerned about similarities and differences in the way cultural groups in his study will respond to measurement instruments. Aidens concerns relate to ______.
A. qualitative method
B. method equivalence
C. cross-cultural equivalence
D. nonequivalence
Q:
______ equivalence relates to the extent to which concepts have the same meaning in different countries.
A. Sampling
B. Qualitative method
C. Extremity
D. Conceptual or construct
Q:
______ is established at three key points in research: the conceptualization of the theoretical constructs, the study design, and the data analysis.
A. Cross-cultural equivalence
B. Nonequivalence
C. Method equivalence
D. Quantitative method
Q:
______ research seeks to understand the interactions between culturally different individuals in organizational settings.
A. Indigenous
B. International
C. Comparative
D. Intercultural
Q:
______ research captures those studies that focus attention on the multinational enterprise.
A. Replication
B. Intercultural
C. International
D. Comparative
Q:
______ research seeks to find both the similarities and differences that exist across cultures regarding a particular management issue.
A. International
B. Comparative
C. Intercultural
D. Indigenous
Q:
______ research focuses on the different and varied ways in which managers behave and organizations are run in a specific cultural setting in a way that highlights something that is expected to be unique.
A. Indigenous
B. Intercultural
C. Replication
D. International
Q:
Emily is trying to repeat some research that was done in the United States with a sample from Portugal. Emilys research would be described as ______.
A. comparative
B. indigenous
C. intercultural
D. replication
Q:
Ryan designed and conducted within the Netherlands without regard for the boundary conditions set by the cultural orientation of the country. Ryans research would be described as ______.
A. replication
B. comparative
C. domestic
D. international
Q:
All of the following aspects of the U.S. perspective limit the ability of U.S. management theories to explain organizational phenomenon in cultures with contrasting orientations EXCEPT:
A. free will beliefs
B. low-context communication
C. teamwork
D. extreme individualism
Q:
Much of contemporary management knowledge was defined in the ______ following World War II.
A. Japan
B. Germany
C. Great Britain
D. United States
Q:
______ affects the roles and behavior of managers indirectly, such as in the choice of informational, interpersonal, or decisional roles as well as on sources of guidance.
A. Economic connectedness
B. Guidance
C. Technology
D. Culture
Q:
______ and norms provide sources of ideas, principles, and other ways of thinking that managers use to guide their understanding of the events, issues, and problems in the workplace.
A. Society
B. Laws
C. Procedures
D. Role set members
Q:
Sophia seeks to learn both the explicit organizational rules and procedures of her organization and the implicit rules about how we do things around here. Sophia seeks to understand the organizations ______.
A. role set
B. society
C. norms
D. law
Q:
______ set members include colleagues, superiors, and subordinates, as well as staff departments, internal and external consultants, and sometimes even friends and family members.
A. Economic
B. Role
C. Political
D. Technical
Q:
Unlike the largely observable aspects of economic, legal, and political aspects, ______ is largely invisible in the context of international management.
A. boundaries
B. society
C. culture
D. globalization
Q:
______ are the structures and processes by which a nation integrates the parts of society into a functioning unit.
A. Political systems
B. Legal systems
C. Economic systems
D. Interpersonal interactions
Q:
All of the following are elements of the global managers environment EXCEPT:
A. cultural
B. economic
C. legal
D. conceptual
Q:
One key result of ______ is that global managers face an external environment far more complex, more dynamic, more uncertain, and more competitive than ever before.
A. team-based management
B. telecommunications
C. trade liberalization
D. globalization
Q:
______ has facilitated the entry of small business into the international arena.
A. Trade liberalization
B. Globalization
C. Technology
D. Telecommunications
Q:
Dramatic advances in ______ might be the most significant force toward globalization.
A. productivity
B. international migration
C. privatization
D. information technology
Q:
Organizations around the globe are increasingly looking toward the formation of teams of workers as a solution to ______ problems.
A. team-based management
B. productivity
C. privatization
D. downsizing
Q:
______ enables formerly government-controlled enterprises to be available for purchase by foreign firms, thus reducing boundaries.
A. Privatization
B. Team-based management
C. Downsizing
D. Productivity
Q:
All of the following are changes that affect the stability of the work environment within organizations EXCEPT:
A. downsizing
B. privatization
C. economic interconnections
D. team-based management
Q:
In ______, production, sales and marketing, and distribution might all be located in different countries to capitalize on certain location-specific advantages.
A. economic interconnections
B. organizational boundaries
C. economic turmoil
D. multinational corporations
Q:
The ______ among countries were dramatically increased with the advent of free trade areas in the 1990s.
A. multinational corporations
B. economic interconnections
C. organizational boundaries
D. economic turmoil
Q:
______ involves the representation of the world as a single place, the intersecting of the interests of business, and society or an increase in the impact of forces that span national boundaries.
A. Culture
B. Environment
C. Globalization
D. Interconnections
Q:
Refer to Case 17.1. William has decided to change a significant habit in his life. At this time, he is reading about the habit and gathering ideas on how to change it. William is in which stage of the change process?
a. Motivation
b. Knowledge
c. Practice
d. Reinforcement
Q:
Refer to Case 17.1. In order to attain a "right livelihood," William needs to
a. accept the myth of scarcity.
b. place money in a secondary position.
c. spend what he earns.
d. avoid discussing financial matters with his family.
Q:
Refer to Case 17.1. The nonfinancial resource that is most obviously missing from William's life is which of the following?
a. Self-esteem
b. Education and training
c. Leisure time
d. Healthy diet
Q:
Mary has decided she needs to quit smoking for her health and the health of her family. She has spoken with her doctor and has gathered information from the Internet and directly from friends who have quit smoking. What does Mary need to do next?
a. Reward herself in some way as reinforcement
b. Get some feedback from friends and family on her progress
c. Apply the information she has learned to either smoke less or stop completely
d. Develop a desire to change her habit
Case 17.1
William is a 38-year-old computer systems executive. He has come to a point in his life where he is reassessing his ambitions and personal life. He attends professional development conferences regularly and is working on an MBA. Although he eats a low-fat diet and exercises regularly, he works 70-80 hours a week, seldom sees his children except after they are in bed, does not visit his place of worship except on religious holidays, and feels as though his wife is a stranger. William believes that if he can earn just 20 percent more, he can relax because his family will be financially secure.
Q:
In his late 30s, Jerry quit his lucrative career in engineering to teach middle school science. His teaching salary is one-third less and his work hours are one-third more compared to his engineering work; however, he finds the work fulfilling. Jerry is happy that he finally found the courage to make a career switch that he had been considering for several years. Jerry's career change is an example of
a. religious awakening.
b. right livelihood.
c. natural progression.
d. professional advancement.
Case 17.1
William is a 38-year-old computer systems executive. He has come to a point in his life where he is reassessing his ambitions and personal life. He attends professional development conferences regularly and is working on an MBA. Although he eats a low-fat diet and exercises regularly, he works 70-80 hours a week, seldom sees his children except after they are in bed, does not visit his place of worship except on religious holidays, and feels as though his wife is a stranger. William believes that if he can earn just 20 percent more, he can relax because his family will be financially secure.
Q:
How can nonfinancial resources contribute toward a happy and fulfilling life? What are those resources? What other nonfinancial resources besides those mentioned in the book can you think of that also contribute to happiness and fulfillment?
Q:
Evaluate the traditional and contemporary definitions of success. Do you believe the difference in these definitions and models is a matter of right and wrong? Explain your position and what you believe are the consequences of pursuing a livelihood that is founded on each model of success.
Q:
Serious consideration about one's future in terms of career often starts in high schoolor sometimes as early as junior high. Do you believe it is possible for someone to envision their "right livelihood" at such a young age? Support your position. How do you believe secondary education should address the issue of career exploration?
Q:
What is your definition of spirituality? How is this similar or different from the definition in the book? Are the definitions compatible? Besides involvement in religion, what are some ways to develop healthy spirituality?
Q:
What are three ways to develop your intellectual growth by acquiring the skills and abilities you need?
Q:
Describe the traditional success model. What are the consequences of following this traditional model?
Q:
What are the five steps people should follow to break old habits and form new positive habits?
Q:
Explain how your physical and mental health is a resource for enriching your life.
Q:
What does the term right livelihood mean? What are its three main characteristics? Do you believe it is possible to have a right livelihood if any one of the three characteristics is absent? Explain.
Q:
Offer two tips for personal financial management.
Q:
The "right livelihood" concept recognizes that work should be a vehicle for ____________________.
Q:
Some feel that their ____________________ resources such as good physical and mental health, education, and leisure time are their real wealth.
Q:
In recent years, a new class of on-demand, _________________ labor has evolved, and is represented by companies such as Uber Technologies, Mechanical Turk, and Handbook.
Q:
For many people, adequate physical fitness means sustained exercise at least three or four times a week for ____________________ minutes at each session.
Q:
Companies that have a culture that respects both personal and work-related needs have adopted the concept of the ___________ model.
Q:
Mei feels like it is becoming increasingly difficult to leave the office by her normal quitting time at 5:30 p.m. and to avoid working on the weekends. Mei's trend of lengthening work days and weeks is known as ____________________.