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Q:
Americans have traditionally tended to equate which of the following most with punishment?
a. Probation
b. Prison
c. Parole
d. House arrest
Q:
What federal building was bombed in Oklahoma City?
a. Lyndon B. Johnson Building
b. Major Nidal Malik HasanBuilding
c. John F. Kennedy Building
d. Harrison Watts Building
Q:
What year was the first terrorist attack on New York City's World Trade Center?
a. 1980
b. 1986
c. 1993
d. 2000
Q:
___________________ systems help focus the supervision effort of probation officers on client problems, which are indentified using a standardized assessment of probationer risks and needs.
Q:
The concept of community corrections is best understood as a goal. That goal clearly is to:
a. save money.
b. reduce reliance on prisons.
c. reduce crime.
d. both save money and reduce reliance on prisons.
Q:
___________________ refers to the return of a former correctional client to criminal behavior, as measured by new arrests or other problems with the law.
Q:
______________________ constraints are the legal conditions of probation that are set by the court or written into law.
Q:
Where did the 2009 attack committed by Major Nidal Malik Hasan, which killed 13 people and wounded 30 others, take place?
a. Fort Dix
b. Fort Hood
c. Fort Sill
d. Fort Leavenworth
Q:
What group(s) is/are affected by the bias that can be present in selecting who receives intermediate sanctions over others?
a. Whites and juveniles
b. Men
c. Non-English speakers and the foreign born
d. Both non-whites and women
Q:
_________________ conditions are constraints imposed on the probationers to increase the restrictiveness or painfulness of probation, including fines, community service, and restitution.
Q:
Joint Terrorism Task Forces (JTTF) operate as part of which agency?
a. National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC)
b. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
c. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
d. U.S. Secret Service
Q:
Studies of nonprison alternatives find that even the most successful programs enroll _________ offenders who would otherwise have been incarcerated?
a. a majority of
b. a substantial number of
c. a minority of
d. numerous
Q:
Corrections systems located only a few miles apart can:
a. be strikingly similar.
b. vary dramatically.
c. have much in common.
d. not vary dramatically.
Q:
The Joint Terrorism Task Forces (JTTF) address complex problems inherent in terrorism investigations by combining resources and personnel from:
a. various state agencies.
b. all the federal agencies under the DHS umbrella.
c. state and local agencies.
d. federal, state, and local agencies.
Q:
_______________________ conditions are constraints imposed on the probationer to force him or her to deal with a significant problem or need, such as substance abuse.
Q:
The PSI plays its most important role for the judge in the _______________ process.
Q:
Proponents of boot camps argue that young offenders get involved in crime because:
a. they lack self-esteem.
b. they lack decent job skills.
c. they lack education.
d. they lack both self-esteem and decent job skills.
Q:
The chief conflict for a probation officer's role, which include enforcing the law and helping the offender, is authority and __________.
Q:
Early evaluations of intensive supervision reflect which the following?
a. Offenders are likely to commit a serious offense in six months
b. More technical violations occur than with traditional probation
c. Little money is saved
d. Probation officers dislike the program
Q:
Reactive investigative methods are used to investigate acts of terrorism after they occur and can include:
a. crime scene processing and analysis.
b. following up on leads and tips.
c. surveillance.
d. all of these choices
Q:
Proactive methods are in use constantly to prevent acts of terrorism before they occur. Such methods include:
a. ongoing and coordinated planning.
b. intelligence gathering.
c. investigating activity by various agencies.
d. all of the above
Q:
Even after the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, most state and local law enforcement administrators continued to view terrorism primarily as a(n) threat.
a. localized
b. international
c. federal
d. distant
Q:
The dual functions of probation are and __________ .
Q:
Studies of community service and restitution programs have generally found them vulnerable to:
a. political attacks by conservative politicians.
b. budget cuts, since most are perceived as "extras."
c. the problem of net widening.
d. all of these.
Q:
A __________ condition establishes a sum of money that must be paid by the offender either to the victim or to a public fund for victims of crime.
a. service
b. remunerative
c. restitution
d. recompense
Q:
__________ investigative firms have recently begun to provide judges with PSIs.
Q:
Movement within the continuum of sanctions is contingent upon:
a. judicial discretion at each level of sentencing accountability.
b. program availability at each level of sentencing accountability.
c. performance at each level of sentencing accountability.
d. all of these.
Q:
Which agency is usually the first responder to a scene of a terrorist crime?
a. the local law enforcement agency
b. U.S. Secret Service
c. U.S. Marshals
d. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Q:
Which agency is responsible for providing efficient immigration services and easing the transition of immigrants to permanent residence and, finally, American citizenship?
a. U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP)
b. U.S. Secret Service
c. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)
d. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Q:
A(n)__________ is now a standard in the PSI, where an interview is conducted by the probation officer with the victim of the crime.
Q:
Implementing intermediate sanctions has had three consequences. They include wider nets, stronger nets, and __________.
a. flatter nets
b. taller nets
c. weaker nets
d. different nets
Q:
Employees of which agency have the dual mission of protecting the nation's leaders and investigating crimes in specialized fields such as information technology?
a. Office of the Secretary
b. U.S. Secret Service
c. U.S. Transportation Security Administration (TSA)
d. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Q:
There are several techniques used to determine whether someone is using drugs while on probation. One technique includes__________ .
Q:
The offender's response to ____________ strongly influences the overall effectiveness of probation.
Q:
__________ increases the effectiveness of correctional treatment by having the probation officer interact with the client while promoting the client's change process.
Q:
The U.S. Coast Guard, which is a military branch of the U.S. armed forces and is on the front lines of maritime security efforts, patrols:
a. only international waters.
b. only American coasts, ports, and waterways.
c. both international waters and American coasts, ports, and waterways.
d. international waters only at the request of a foreign government.
Q:
The US-VISIT program is part of which agency?
a. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
b. U.S. Department of Defense
c. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
d. U.S. Coast Guard
Q:
The ability to influence a person's actions in a desired direction without resorting to force is known as__________ .
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Failure to abide by rules and conditions of probation
b. Fines, community service, restitution
c. Reporting to the probation office a change of address
d. Establishes goals for supervision and evaluates
e. Constraints to deal with a significant problem/need
f. The first to provide bail for defendants
g. Formal obligation to perform an act within the community
h. Judge can suspend a sentence for good behavior
i. Method for increasing the effectiveness of correctional treatment
j. Approach crime from a problem-solving perspective
Recognizance
Q:
The US-VISIT program helps to:
a. secure U.S. borders by facilitating legitimate travel and trade.
b. detect immigrants who are in the United States illegally and who might be terrorists.
c. make airline travel safe through increased security measures.
d. secure U.S. borders through a military presence at shipping ports.
Q:
Judges may use a range of ________________ sanctions from those exerting a low level of control to those exerting a high level of control.
a. truth in sentencing
b. determinate
c. intermediate
d. mandatory
Q:
Which law expanded the FBI's wiretapping and electronic surveillance authority and allowed nationwide jurisdiction for search warrants and electronic surveillance devices?
a. USA Patriot Act
b. Executive Order 13228
c. Civil Rights Act of 1991
d. all of these choices
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Failure to abide by rules and conditions of probation
b. Fines, community service, restitution
c. Reporting to the probation office a change of address
d. Establishes goals for supervision and evaluates
e. Constraints to deal with a significant problem/need
f. The first to provide bail for defendants
g. Formal obligation to perform an act within the community
h. Judge can suspend a sentence for good behavior
i. Method for increasing the effectiveness of correctional treatment
j. Approach crime from a problem-solving perspective
Judicial reprieve
Q:
Pretrial diversion targets mostly what type of offenses?
a. Alcohol
b. Misdemeanor
c. Felony
d. Drug
Q:
The Office of Homeland Security was replaced by which new agency?
a. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
b. National Counterterrorism Center NCTC)
c. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
d. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Q:
a. Failure to abide by rules & conditions of Probation defendants
b. Fines, community service, restitution
c. Reporting to the probation office, change of address
d. Establishes goals for supervision and evaluates
e. Constraints to deal with a significant problem/need
f. the first to provide bail for
h. judge can suspend a sentence for good behavior
i. Method for increasing the effectiveness of correctional treatment
j. Approach crime from a problem-solving perspective
1) Technical violation
2) Standard conditions
3) Punitive conditions
4) Treatment conditions
5) Performance-based supervision
6) Community justice
7) John Augustus
8) Motivational interviewing
9) Judicial reprieve
10) recognizance
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Failure to abide by rules and conditions of probation
b. Fines, community service, restitution
c. Reporting to the probation office a change of address
d. Establishes goals for supervision and evaluates
e. Constraints to deal with a significant problem/need
f. The first to provide bail for defendants
g. Formal obligation to perform an act within the community
h. Judge can suspend a sentence for good behavior
i. Method for increasing the effectiveness of correctional treatment
j. Approach crime from a problem-solving perspective
Motivational interviewing
Q:
The mission of the Office of Homeland Security was to:
a. respond with technical and scientific personnel and equipment to assist in the mitigation of the health concerns arising from biological terrorism.
b. provide technical assistance to locate hidden nuclear material and advise local authorities on the associated hazards and effects.
c. develop and coordinate the implementation of a comprehensive national strategy to secure the United States from threats and attacks.
d. coordinate U.S. resources in response to a terrorist incident in a foreign country, should that government request such assistance.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Failure to abide by rules and conditions of probation
b. Fines, community service, restitution
c. Reporting to the probation office a change of address
d. Establishes goals for supervision and evaluates
e. Constraints to deal with a significant problem/need
f. The first to provide bail for defendants
g. Formal obligation to perform an act within the community
h. Judge can suspend a sentence for good behavior
i. Method for increasing the effectiveness of correctional treatment
j. Approach crime from a problem-solving perspective
John Augustus
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Failure to abide by rules and conditions of probation
b. Fines, community service, restitution
c. Reporting to the probation office a change of address
d. Establishes goals for supervision and evaluates
e. Constraints to deal with a significant problem/need
f. The first to provide bail for defendants
g. Formal obligation to perform an act within the community
h. Judge can suspend a sentence for good behavior
i. Method for increasing the effectiveness of correctional treatment
j. Approach crime from a problem-solving perspective
Community justice
Q:
Probation status can end in two ways: the person successfully completes the probation or it is ____________due to misbehavior.
Q:
Executive Order 13228, signed on October 8, 2001, established the:
a. U.S. Department of Energy.
b. Public Health Service and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
c. Federal Emergency Management Administration.
d. Office of Homeland Security.
Q:
PSI plays its most important role at _________.
Q:
Project Bio Shield was created in 2004 to help the United States:
a. ensure that every American receives a vaccination against anthrax.
b. purchase, develop, and deploy cutting-edge defenses against biological weapons attacks.
c. develop cures for diseases caused by agents of biological terrorism.
d. all of these choices
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Failure to abide by rules and conditions of probation
b. Fines, community service, restitution
c. Reporting to the probation office a change of address
d. Establishes goals for supervision and evaluates
e. Constraints to deal with a significant problem/need
f. The first to provide bail for defendants
g. Formal obligation to perform an act within the community
h. Judge can suspend a sentence for good behavior
i. Method for increasing the effectiveness of correctional treatment
j. Approach crime from a problem-solving perspective
Performance-based supervision
Q:
What cabinet-level department, established in 2003, merged 22 previously disparate domestic agencies into one department to protect the United States from threats to the homeland?
a. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
b. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
c. National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC)
d. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
Q:
The chief conflict for a probation officer role's which include enforcing the law and helping the offender is authority and __________.
Q:
The dual functions of probation are _________ and _______________.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Failure to abide by rules and conditions of probation
b. Fines, community service, restitution
c. Reporting to the probation office a change of address
d. Establishes goals for supervision and evaluates
e. Constraints to deal with a significant problem/need
f. The first to provide bail for defendants
g. Formal obligation to perform an act within the community
h. Judge can suspend a sentence for good behavior
i. Method for increasing the effectiveness of correctional treatment
j. Approach crime from a problem-solving perspective
Treatment conditions
Q:
__________ investigative firms have recently begun to provide judges with PSI's.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Failure to abide by rules and conditions of probation
b. Fines, community service, restitution
c. Reporting to the probation office a change of address
d. Establishes goals for supervision and evaluates
e. Constraints to deal with a significant problem/need
f. The first to provide bail for defendants
g. Formal obligation to perform an act within the community
h. Judge can suspend a sentence for good behavior
i. Method for increasing the effectiveness of correctional treatment
j. Approach crime from a problem-solving perspective
Punitive conditions
Q:
Which agency is the primary organization in the U.S. government for integrating and analyzing all intelligence pertaining to terrorism and counterterrorism and for conducting strategic operational planning by integrating all instruments of national power?
a. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
b. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
c. National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC)
d. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Failure to abide by rules and conditions of probation
b. Fines, community service, restitution
c. Reporting to the probation office a change of address
d. Establishes goals for supervision and evaluates
e. Constraints to deal with a significant problem/need
f. The first to provide bail for defendants
g. Formal obligation to perform an act within the community
h. Judge can suspend a sentence for good behavior
i. Method for increasing the effectiveness of correctional treatment
j. Approach crime from a problem-solving perspective
Standard conditions
Q:
Which agency is responsible for preventing losses from disasters wherever possible and assisting when they do happen?
a. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
b. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
c. National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC)
d. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
Q:
Which agency has traditionally been the lead federal agency in the response to and investigation of terrorism?
a. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
b. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
c. National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC)
d. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
Q:
A ________________________ is now a standard in the PSI where an interview is conducted by the probation officer to the victim of the crime.
Q:
There are several techniques used to determine whether someone is using drugs while on probation. One technique includes: ____________.
Q:
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Failure to abide by rules and conditions of probation
b. Fines, community service, restitution
c. Reporting to the probation office a change of address
d. Establishes goals for supervision and evaluates
e. Constraints to deal with a significant problem/need
f. The first to provide bail for defendants
g. Formal obligation to perform an act within the community
h. Judge can suspend a sentence for good behavior
i. Method for increasing the effectiveness of correctional treatment
j. Approach crime from a problem-solving perspective
Technical violation
Q:
The organization of probation involves three key issues, except for whether it should be:
a. paid for by offender.
b. centralized vs. decentralized.
c. combined with parole.
d. administered by the judiciary or executive branch.
Q:
Groups or individuals who operate without foreign direction entirely within the United States and target elements of the U.S. government or citizens are called:
a. counter terrorists.
b. cyber-terrorists.
c. domestic terrorists.
d. intelligence terrorists.
Q:
"The unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or a segment thereof, in the furtherance of political or social objectives" is the definition the FBI uses to define:
a. counterterrorism.
b. cyber-terrorism.
c. terrorism.
d. intelligence.
Q:
Today about _________ of those on probation have been convicted of a violent offense.
a. one-fifth
b. three-quarters
c. one-third
d. one-half
Q:
The __________ response to supervision strongly influences the overall effectiveness of probation.
Q:
The terrorist watch list is maintained by each individual airline so they may know who is not permitted to fly.
a. True
b. False
Q:
_____________________ incarceration refers to when an offender on probation spends nights and weekends in a local jail.
a. Modified
b. Shock
c. Indeterminate
d. Intermittent
Q:
______________________increases the effectiveness of correctional treatment by having the probation officer interact with the client while promoting the clients change process.
Q:
The Joint Terrorism Task Forces (JTTF) concept involves the melding of personnel and talent from various law enforcement agencies.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Which of the following was NOT one of the many innovative ideas of our nation's first probation officer, John Augustus?
a. social casework
b. presentence investigation reports
c. system of parole
d. revocation of probation
Q:
The ability to influence a person's actions in a desired direction without resorting to force is known as _____________.
Q:
The most extensively used form of correctional control in this country is:
a. probation.
b. parole.
c. prison.
d. jail.