Q&A Hero

Q: A range of punishments are given to inmates for disciplinary reasons when they are unruly. One such punishment is: a. erasing good time credit b. not feeding inmates c. not allowing inmates to practice religion d. not giving inmates bedding

Q: Most prison violence in America occurs between officers and inmates. a. True b. False

Q: Most inmate rule violations are handled by: a. the warden b. the line personnel. c. work detail supervisors. d. an institutional disciplinary committee.

Q: Studies have shown that young men between 16 and 24, both inside and outside of prison, are more prone to violence than older men. a. True b. False

Q: With respect to job turnover among officers, corrections is: a. low. b. high. c. about the same as any blue-collar job. d. relatively stable over time.

Q: Since prisons are highly secure institutions, rarely does any type of violence take place. a. True b. False

Q: According to the authors, unionization of correctional officers has brought: a. better pay for the services they provide. b. a greater sense of job security. c. a greater control over their work. d. all of these.

Q: Cigarettes are still used today as the standard prison currency. a. True b. False

Q: Correctional officers carry deadly weapons. a. True b. False

Q: Which of the following is not a union for correctional officers today? a. American Federation of Correctional Employees b. American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees c. California Correctional Peace Officers Association d. None of these

Q: Inmates who are "doing time" see prison as a long-term stay and continue their criminality while incarcerated. a. True b. False

Q: Characteristics of inmate populations of many prisons began to change in the: a. mid-1990s b. early 1950s c. mid-1960s d. mid-1940s

Q: The way someone behaves in accordance with an order or directive given by another person is: a. normative power. b. remunerative power. c. coercive power. d. compliance.

Q: Real money is prohibited in prison. a. True b. False

Q: Some inmates, upon incarceration, decide to withdraw from others as well as isolate themselves as a form of coping with the inmate society. a. True b. False

Q: John Irwin and Donald Cressey suggest that prison subculture encompasses three subcultures, including a convict, a thief, and a straight. a. True b. False

Q: According to the author, A majority of correctional officers are: a. from urban settings. b. minority group members. c. from rural settings. d. college educated.

Q: Correctional officers sometimes feel that: a. no one cares what happens inside the walls. b. they"re doing time as well as the inmates. c. their work accounts for nothing on the outside. d. all of these.

Q: One strategy used by prison administration to weaken gang influence includes conducting strip searches. a. True b. False

Q: The warden's job security rests on her or his ability to: a. employ a certain number of minorities. b. define duties for top management. c. keep autonomy of their managers. d. run the institution efficiently.

Q: Adaptive roles help inmates cope with prison and survive behind bars. a. True b. False

Q: Most prisoner"officer violence that occurs is organized and transpires between large groups. a. True b. False

Q: If a shakedown were to occur in a prison, who would give the directive? a. The warden b. The governor c. The captain of the guard d. The shift lieutenant

Q: Which of the following is not a formal organization? a. General Motors b. California State Prison at Folsom c. The University of Iowa d. All of these are formal organizations

Q: The presence of gangs organized along racial lines contributes to violence in prison. a. True b. False

Q: One factor in the prison inmate code is not interfering with other inmates' interests. a. True b. False

Q: A management principle that holds that a supervisor can effectively oversee only a limited number of subordinates is known as: a. chain of command. b. span of control. c. circle of control. d. unity of command.

Q: A form of power that stresses the application or threat of physical force is known as: a. coercive power. b. normative power. c. physical power. d. remunerative power.

Q: What is meant by the architectural concept "form follows function"? How does this express itself in corrections? Describe at least three types of prison architecture and discuss issues associated with each model.

Q: A structure established for the purpose of influencing behavior in order to achieve particular ends is known as a/an: a. informal organization. b. formal organization. c. span of control. d. retribution

Q: How has the prison population changed over the last 30 years? Describe the differences and how or why they came about. How do these demographic changes affect corrections? Think about budgets, management, correctional work, and the prison environment.

Q: The justification for the lack of diverse educational, vocational, and other programs to incarcerated women is that: a. there is not enough money to go around. b. women's sentences are generally short. c. they do not have the educational background necessary. d. there is a relatively small number of women in prison and jail.

Q: Compare the differences between government-run prisons and private prisons. Discuss your perception of their overall effectiveness toward the inmates and the effects on employees at these facilities. Does one assist the offender more than the other? If so, how?

Q: Prior to the reform movement in the 1800s, women in Europe and the United States were: a. segregated from males and other prisoners in jails but not prisons. b. segregated in prisons but not jails. c. not given corporal punishment as men were. d. housed with men and other prisoners and treated as they were.

Q: List and describe the three most common models of corrections used in the United States. Based on your reading, which do you believe is most effective? In contrast, which do you believe is least effective? Be sure to fully explain your answers.

Q: Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. a. Inmates and visitors have a great deal of freedom b. Newer with functional units located in the entry c. Central corridor for prisoner movement d. Treatment programs designed to reform offender e. Restrictions on inmates/visitors are less strict than maximum security f. Often used for juveniles and women g. Emphasizes family and community ties as a method of reform h. Strict limitations on freedom of inmates/visitors i. A control center from which to monitor movement j. Emphasizes security, discipline, and order Medium security

Q: Generally, women's prisons lack not only adequate vocational and educational programs but also: a. nutritional services. b. recreational services. c. medical services. d. all of these

Q: Which of the following is an advantage to the families formed by female inmates? a. They relieve the tensions of prison life. b. They assist in the socialization of the new inmate. c. They permit individuals to act according to clearly defined roles and rules d. All of these

Q: _________________ allows prisoners to sue public officials for constitutional violations.

Q: In 1844, the __________ was created with the goal of improving the treatment of female prisoners and separating them from male prisoners. a. Women's Improvement Organization b. Women's Benevolence Association c. Women's Prison Association d. Women's Prisoner Improvement Society

Q: The incarceration rate of the ______________ offender is considerably higher that that of the general population.

Q: Most U.S. prisons today utilize the ________________ model of incarceration, which focuses primarily on security and discipline.

Q: Traditionally, women have received ___________ treatment from judges. a. chivalrous b. discriminatory c. egalitarian d. neglectful

Q: When compared to men, the offenses women commit are usually a. more violent. b. more self destructive. c. less serious. d. less expensive.

Q: ________________ is the federal law that established determinate sentencing, reduced good time, and abolished parole, all of which substantially increased the average length of imprisonment.

Q: Inside women's facilities there has been a recent escalation of: a. diverse programming. b. sexual misconduct by female officers. c. sexual misconduct by male officers. d. violence.

Q: The ______________ branch of each state government is responsible for administering its prison system.

Q: The ____________ model of incarceration emphasizes the maintenance of the offender's ties to family and the community as a method of reform.

Q: Prison based programs designed for women often include which of the following: a. construction b. Maintenance. c. Food service. d. fire fighting.

Q: What case was instrumental in ensuring that women's prisons had programs comparable to that of male prisons? a. Bell v Wolfish b. Terry v. Ohio c. Glover v. Johnson d. Morressey v Brewer

Q: The ______________ model of incarceration emphasizes security, discipline, and order.

Q: The increase in the number of women in prison has: a. had little impact on how facilities are run. b. disturbed the public. c. significantly affected the delivery of programs. d. shocked the public.

Q: The _____________ model of incarceration emphasizes the provision of treatment programs designed to reform the offender.

Q: The design of a structure should serve the structure's________.

Q: Until 1870 women inmates were generally treated: a. with chivalry. b. like delicate flowers. c. the same as men. d. more harshly than men.

Q: In comparison to men's facilities, women's prisons have: a. more available programming. b. more varied programming. c. similar programming. d. less programming.

Q: During the rehabilitation model many prisons were converted into ________institutions.

Q: The growth rate in the number of incarcerated women: a. is well below that of men. b. remains steady. c. exceeds that of men. d. has not been calculated.

Q: ________ appoints the Bureau of Prisons director.

Q: A(n)________ prison is designed to prevent escapes and violence but in a less rigid atmosphere.

Q: ________ activity among men is one way HIV is transmitted in prison populations.

Q: A far larger portion of correctional budgets goes to institutions for: a. women. b. men. c. mothers. d. the mentally ill.

Q: Approximately what percent of women released from incarceration have nowhere to go and must find a place to live? a. 10 to 20 percent b. 60 to 70 percent c. 30 to 50 percent d. 80 to 90 percent

Q: According to the authors, in the correctional system women are known as the: a. fragile offenders. b. minority offenders. c. pink-collar offenders. d. forgotten offenders.

Q: a. advocated for separation of sexes while incarcerated b. Rise of programs in which youngsters could live with their mothers in halfway houses c. First female prison warden d. required for women to regain custody of children e. Homosexual marriage and kinship f. 64 percent g. challenge for women upon release from prison h. Account for the great increase of women in prison i. What most distinguishes incarcerated women from men j. Separate treatment-oriented prisons 1) Pseudofamilies 2) Mary B. Harris 3) Elizabeth G. Fry 4) Community corrections 5) Stable housing 6) The reformatory 7) Nature of offenses 8) Drug offenses 9) Financially poor 10) Women who lived with their children prior to incarceration

Q: Incarcerated women account for approximately _____percent of the federal and state prison population.

Q: A(n)________ prison is designed and organized to minimize the possibility of escapes and violence, thereby imposing strict limitations on the freedom of both inmates and visitors.

Q: It is argued that the small number of women incarcerated justifies the lack of _______________, vocational, and other programs.

Q: Women inmates traditionally receive ________ sentences than men for similar offenses.

Q: Administrators believe that elderly inmates should remain in the general prison population; however, they should receive _____ accommodations.

Q: The first independent female-run prison was established in ________.

Q: A prison designed and organized to permit inmates and visitors as much freedom as is consistent with the concept of incarceration is a(n)________ prison.

Q: _______________ was the first person to advocate for changes in the treatment of sentenced women and children.

Q: Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. a. Inmates and visitors have a great deal of freedom b. Newer with functional units located in the entry c. Central corridor for prisoner movement d. Treatment programs designed to reform offender e. Restrictions on inmates/visitors are less strict than maximum security f. Often used for juveniles and women g. Emphasizes family and community ties as a method of reform h. Strict limitations on freedom of inmates/visitors i. A control center from which to monitor movement j. Emphasizes security, discipline, and order Reintegration model

Q: Women make up a _________ proportion of the prison population.

Q: In recent years, women who were sexually _________ or assaulted brought class-action suits against correctional institutions/officials.

Q: Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. a. Inmates and visitors have a great deal of freedom b. Newer with functional units located in the entry c. Central corridor for prisoner movement d. Treatment programs designed to reform offender e. Restrictions on inmates/visitors are less strict than maximum security f. Often used for juveniles and women g. Emphasizes family and community ties as a method of reform h. Strict limitations on freedom of inmates/visitors i. A control center from which to monitor movement j. Emphasizes security, discipline, and order Rehabilitation model

Q: The Human Rights Watch report noted that the majority of correctional officers in women's prison are __________.

Q: Women's prisons are located generally farther from _________ and ________.

Q: Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. a. Inmates and visitors have a great deal of freedom b. Newer with functional units located in the entry c. Central corridor for prisoner movement d. Treatment programs designed to reform offender e. Restrictions on inmates/visitors are less strict than maximum security f. Often used for juveniles and women g. Emphasizes family and community ties as a method of reform h. Strict limitations on freedom of inmates/visitors i. A control center from which to monitor movement j. Emphasizes security, discipline, and order Campus style