Q&A Hero

Q: probation release is often tied to ____________which focuses on first-time offenders when they are sentenced to a short period of incarceration and then reenter the community under supervision. a. shock incarceration b. rehabilitation c. convalescence d. psychotherapy

Q: Today, most women's prisons in the U.S. resemble college campuses in size and structure. a. True b. False

Q: From 1920 to 1973, sentencing and release procedures involved: a. determinate sentencing. b. mandatory minimums. c. indeterminate sentences. d. mandatory release.

Q: In the early 1800s, reformers began to press for separate confinement facilities and programs for female offenders. a. True b. False

Q: The decision to release an inmate is made in the context of: a. analytical clarity. b. political fairness. c. public support. d. competing goals.

Q: In the wake of the "tough on crime" over the past three decades, the number of parolees has: a. doubled b. Tripled c. decreased d. remained the same

Q: a. Adds rewards and punishment, role modeling, and other teachings b. Legal restrictions that prevent released felons from engaging in certain professions c. Assigning types of custody and treatment d. Emphasizes personal responsibility e. Create environment that support prosocial behaviors f. Focuses on changing patterns that accompany criminal behavior g. face to face with crime's consequences h. Contract for prison made goods on a set price i. treatment of the mind j. No goods or services beyond those available to law abiding people 1) Behavior therapy 2) Confrontation therapy 3) Piece price system 4) Classification 5) Psychotherapy 6) Principle of least eligibility 7) Civil disabilities 8) Reality therapy 9) Cognitive skill building 10) Social therapy

Q: Female offenders have traditionally received tougher sentences than men for similar offenses. a. True b. False

Q: Women account for roughly half of all arrests for serious crimes tabulated by the FBI's Uniform Crime Report. a. True b. False

Q: Because the First Amendment guarantees this individual right, __________ programs are available to all prisoners.

Q: ___________________ are designed to distinguish inmates with respect to risk of escape, potential misconduct in the institution, and future criminal behavior.

Q: There are now more than 100,000 female offenders incarcerated in our nation's prison system. a. True b. False

Q: Many correctional officials believe that ___________ represent the most difficult group for correctional treatment.

Q: Sarah Doremus and Abby Gibbons formed the Women's Prison Association in New York to improve living conditions for female offenders. a. True b. False

Q: When female inmates are sexually abused, their abuser is generally a corrections officer. a. True b. False

Q: Treatment success depends on the relationship between the ________and the client.

Q: ___________________ was the first to implement the classification system at Elmira Reformatory in the 1800's.

Q: Female inmates tend to segregate themselves by race. a. True b. False

Q: Women are generally more receptive and responsive to prison-based programs than their male counterparts. a. True b. False

Q: The principle of ____________________ states that prisoners should receive no goods and services in excess of those available to people who have lived within the law.

Q: Imprisoned mothers have difficulty maintaining contact with their children. a. True b. False

Q: Prison administrators use institutional programs to help manage ________.

Q: The House of Shelter became the model for reformatory treatment for female prisons. a. True b. False

Q: During incarceration, prisoners may be _______________ as they encounter problems or finish treatment programs.

Q: When their mothers are in prison, most children are placed in foster care. a. True b. False

Q: Until 1970 most women inmates were housed in the same prisons and treated essentially the same as men. a. True b. False

Q: Interest in ____________ waned when the philosophy of corrections swung toward crime control

Q: A system in which the contractor provided prisoners with food and clothing as well as raw materials and in some southern states prisoners were bonded to agricultural producers to perform field labor is a ___________.

Q: Vaginal examinations are frequently conducted by correctional officers to discover contraband. a. True b. False

Q: The role of programs in prison is static regardless of the prison population and outside influences.

Q: Advocates of women's reformatories favored rural correctional institutions in areas away from the unwholesome conditions of the city.a. Trueb. False

Q: Prison programs are any non-formal, non-structured activity that takes prisoners out of their cells and allows them to do something.

Q: Is a prison a society unto itself? What does it mean to say that there is a prison subculture? What types of characteristics make up this subculture? Where do the values of prison society come from? Discuss the various elements that comprise a prison societymembers, norms, language, etc.

Q: Men in prison tend to have already graduated from high school.

Q: List several of the adaptive roles you have read about in your textbook. Upon identifying several (two or more) roles, consider: If you were a prison inmate, which adaptive role would you adopt and why? How would you handle the potential for prison violence?

Q: Of the five types of prison based programs, the author recognizes that rehabilitation is the most controversial.

Q: Please explain what is meant by "the prison economy." How does it function inside a prison? What role(s) does it play in the prison society? What items are used as currency?

Q: A majority of people under correctional authority have a history of mental health problems.

Q: Define and explain prisonization. Is this process normal in most prisons? Please explain. What are both the positives and negatives of this process? How does this affect inmates upon their release, and is this a factor in recidivism?

Q: As recognized by the author, Most states place inmates in lower custody levels than necessary.

Q: _________________is a concept used to describe male honor and the sacredness of one's reputation as a man, and requires physical retaliation against those who insult it.

Q: Today nonperishable food items and _______________ have emerged as the standard forms of prison currency.

Q: Inmates who participate in educational programs while incarcerated are the least likely to return to prison.

Q: Prison administrators use their programs as incentives for good behavior.

Q: Certain positions in the prison society enhance opportunities for _______________, inmates who become businessmen in the prison underworld.

Q: Classification is a one-time procedure.

Q: The term _____________________ refers to an inmate who cannot adapt to prison society due to mental illness, physical weakness, or emotional instability.

Q: Prison administrators use institutional programs to help manage time.

Q: ___________________ refers to an adaptive role in which an inmate views a prison term as a brief, inevitable break in their criminal career.

Q: ____________ refers to the process by which an inmate absorbs the customs of prison society and learns to adapt to the environment.

Q: The most extraordinary health problem in contemporary corrections often based on mandatory sentencing, determinate sentencing and truth in sentencing is: a. HIV/AIDS. b. mental illness. c. aging. d. substance abuse.

Q: A__________ is known in the prison subculture as a passive homosexual.

Q: Treatment assignments for which prisoners in maximum security facilities are not eligible include: a. religion b. exercise c. work release d. cognitive therapy

Q: Which court case established a right to medical treatment while incarcerated: a. Estelle v. Gamble b. Terry v Ohio c. US v. Gant d. Gregg v GA

Q: A __________is someone who squeals or sells out to the authorities.

Q: Inmates unable to develop a role orientation are referred to as__________ , meaning they cannot adjust to prison life.

Q: The general public is often __________ to creative programming for inmates. a. supportive b. welcoming c. hostile d. tepid

Q: Inmates who choose__________ cut themselves off from the outside and generally become key figures in the politics and economy of the joint.

Q: The prison environment affects programming in what way? a. Constructively b. Negatively c. Neutrally d. Impartially

Q: Administrators use prison programs as incentives for : a. insubordination. b. gang involvement c. snitching. d. good behavior.

Q: An inmate who falls into the "fish" category is known as a ___________

Q: Prison gangs are also referred to as ___________ .

Q: According to Quinlan, the most important ingredient in managing a safe & secure institution is: a. to keep inmates in treatment. b. to keep inmates working c. to keep inmates productively occupied. d. all of these

Q: Recreational programs have two primary purposes. They include socialization and _________. a. religion b. gang membership c. self-image enhancement d. drug trade

Q: The ________ refers to a set of rules of conduct that reflect the values and norms of the prison social system.

Q: A ___________ in the prison inmate culture is considered to be an aggressive inmate who pursues his own interests at others' expense.

Q: A prison store for inmates to purchase goods is known as a _________.

Q: The__________ is not able to develop the role orientation of "doing time, gleaning, or jailing."

Q: Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. a. Prison newcomer b. Cigarettes c. Values and norms of the prison social system d. Goods and services not allowed by prison authorities e. Where prisoners may purchase certain items f. Method of learning the prison subculture g. Construct a life within the prison with little connection to society h. Take advantage of prison programs i. Main source of inmate violence j. semiautonomous institutions Gangs

Q: prison maintenance jobs constitute an elaborate pecking order of assignments and reveal something about which of the following: a. they give inmates power. b. Information regarding other inmates and their prison time. c. they increase an inmate's prestige in the facility. d. all of these.

Q: One key purpose of prison labor is to: a. earn a living wage. b. develop knowledge they can use when released on parole. c. to relieve idleness d. all of these

Q: Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. a. Prison newcomer b. Cigarettes c. Values and norms of the prison social system d. Goods and services not allowed by prison authorities e. Where prisoners may purchase certain items f. Method of learning the prison subculture g. Construct a life within the prison with little connection to society h. Take advantage of prison programs i. Main source of inmate violence j. semiautonomous institutions Informal prison "money"

Q: Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. a. Prison newcomer b. Cigarettes c. Values and norms of the prison social system d. Goods and services not allowed by prison authorities e. Where prisoners may purchase certain items f. Method of learning the prison subculture g. Construct a life within the prison with little connection to society h. Take advantage of prison programs i. Main source of inmate violence j. semiautonomous institutions Contraband

Q: The most powerful new studies of correctional rehabilitation programs try to express their effectiveness in which of the following ways? a. To the warden b. In cost-benefit ratios c. In the most positive way d. In a way that will increase funding

Q: Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. a. Prison newcomer b. Cigarettes c. Values and norms of the prison social system d. Goods and services not allowed by prison authorities e. Where prisoners may purchase certain items f. Method of learning the prison subculture g. Construct a life within the prison with little connection to society h. Take advantage of prison programs i. Main source of inmate violence j. semiautonomous institutions Commissary

Q: Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. a. Prison newcomer b. Cigarettes c. Values and norms of the prison social system d. Goods and services not allowed by prison authorities e. Where prisoners may purchase certain items f. Method of learning the prison subculture g. Construct a life within the prison with little connection to society h. Take advantage of prison programs i. Main source of inmate violence j. semiautonomous institutions Fish

Q: Recent research has indicated that rehabilitation can work if __________ are/is focused upon. a. criminogenic needs b. drug abuse c. motivation of the offender d. all of these

Q: Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. a. Prison newcomer b. Cigarettes c. Values and norms of the prison social system d. Goods and services not allowed by prison authorities e. Where prisoners may purchase certain items f. Method of learning the prison subculture g. Construct a life within the prison with little connection to society h. Take advantage of prison programs i. Main source of inmate violence j. semiautonomous institutions Prisonization

Q: Inmate labor has been sold to private employers: a. from the first days of prison. b. beginning after the Civil War. c. after World War II. d. shortly after the building of Western Penitentiary.

Q: Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. a. Prison newcomer b. Cigarettes c. Values and norms of the prison social system d. Goods and services not allowed by prison authorities e. Where prisoners may purchase certain items f. Method of learning the prison subculture g. Construct a life within the prison with little connection to society h. Take advantage of prison programs i. Main source of inmate violence j. semiautonomous institutions Jailing