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Q:
The prison warden is in charge of operating federal, state, or private prisons; hiring staff managing the budget; andmaintaining a secure institution.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The assistant warden for programming is typically someone who has been promoted through the ranks, beginning perhaps as a caseworker.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Sheriffs " departments typically place newly appointed deputies in the jail for a period of time until they are transferred to law enforcement responsibility on the streets.
a. True
b. False
Q:
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual wage for probation officers and correctional treatment specialists is about $48,000 per year.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists must meet many court-imposed deadlines, which contributes to heavy workloads and extensive paperwork.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The role of women has been growing in the correctional setting, including the appointment of Kathleen Hawk to the director's position of the Federal Bureau of Prisons.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The Federal Bureau of Prisons and a number of states began to emphasize staff training in 1899 following the formation of the first juvenile court.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The ____________________ is the correctional professional in charge of prison security.
a. prison captain
b. ombudsman
c. pravnik stuhl
d. prison case manager
Q:
A Swedish word that means "representative," the ____________________ is a person or body that protects citizens against governmental abuses.
a. ombudsman
b. domare
c. tysk officer
d. kott adovkat
Q:
The job of the ____________________consists of identifying individual involvement, whether by inmates, personnel, or public citizens, that is suspected of criminal infractions of administrative, civil, or criminal nature.
a. internal affairs investigator
b. case manager
c. compliance manager
d. cell block captain
Q:
The ____________________ is the chief treatment officer in many correctional institutions, both male and female.
a. correctional counselor
b. case manager
c. assistant institutional manager
d. block captain
Q:
The ____________________ investigates an offender's background to determine if the offender can be safely allowed back into the community before his or her trial date.a. bureaucratic officerb. judgec. wardend. pretrial officer
Q:
Which of the following is an indication of nonprofessional behavior?
a. sharing rumors on inmates
b. turning on mobile devices
c. falling asleep while on duty
d. all of these
Q:
The American Correctional Association's Code of Ethics has statements regarding:
a. respecting the civil rights of others.
b. treating every situation with concern for the welfare of those involved.
c. refraining from using one's position to secure personal privileges or advantages.
d. all of these.
Q:
The American Correctional Association's Code of Ethics has contributed to:
a. higher recidivism rates.
b. lower recidivism rates.
c. an emphasis on ethics and integrity.
d. higher unemployment rates in corrections.
Q:
What has contributed to professionalism in corrections?
a. well-behaved inmates
b. staff development and training
c. a decrease in the inmate population
d. all of these choices
Q:
By the start of the 20th century, women represented about ____________________ percent of wardens and superintendents of the state correctional facilities for men.
a. 1
b. 10
c. 30
d. 50
Q:
The recommended number of hours for annual in-service training is:
a. 40 hours.
b. 80 hours.
c. 00 hours.
d. 20 hours.
Q:
One of the standards of the American Correctional Association was to require ____________________ hours for preservice training.
a. 40
b. 80
c. 100
d. 120
Q:
When did the Federal Bureau of Prisons and a number of states begin to emphasize staff training?
a. 1940s
b. 1970s
c. 1990s
d. 2000s
Q:
Which of the following has changed the nature of corrections?
a. upgrading the physical plants and staffing patterns
b. institutional research
c. developing alternatives to imprisonment
d. all of these
Q:
What is a set of character strengths and personal values directed at providing the highest quality service to others in the workplace?
a. elitism
b. ethics
c. morality
d. professionalism
Q:
Minority youths accused of delinquent acts are less likely than white youths to be diverted from the court system into informal sanctions.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Research shows that public opinion on community corrections for juveniles remains positive.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The intent of boot camps is to improve youths' self-confidence and sense of self-reliance.
a. True
b. False
Q:
More juveniles are placed on probation each year than are sent to an institution.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A comprehensive set of guidelines for juvenile offenders that was based on sentencing in relation to the seriousness of the crime, rather than on the needs of the youth, was known as the Juvenile Fair Sentencing and Reformation Act.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Blended sentencing is defined as the imposition of juvenile and/or adult correctional sanctions on serious and violent juvenile offenders who have been adjudicated in juvenile court.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Determinate sentencing is a new form of sentencing structure in juvenile justice, and in some jurisdictions, it is replacing thetraditional form of indeterminate sentencing.
a. True
b. False
Q:
According to the text, juvenile court proceedings are open to the public.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Age determines the jurisdiction of the juvenile court, but age does not affect the jurisdiction of the adult court.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Treatment provided to juveniles in the public versus an institutional context is called community treatment.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Murder is an example of a status offense.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The juvenile justice system was established more than 100 years ago to provide for the care of law-violating youth.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Plea bargaining may only be used with adult offenders.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The juvenile and the adult court use proof beyond a reasonable doubt as the standard for evidence.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Juveniles and adults can be placed in pretrial facilities.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Only adults receive Miranda and other constitutional rights at time of arrest.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Police officers are only allowed to use discretion with adult offenders.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Edward is 16 years old. He was sentenced to a juvenile facility for possession of marijuana and for armed robbery. He is a habitual offender who previously violated his probation and was thrown out of his residential program.
Edward is found guilty in adult court. The judge can sentence Edward to:
a. probation.
b. a fine.
c. adult prison.
d. all of these.
Q:
Edward is 16 years old. He was sentenced to a juvenile facility for possession of marijuana and for armed robbery. He is a habitual offender who previously violated his probation and was thrown out of his residential program.
Shortly after his release from the residential facility, Edward is arrested for an armed robbery. This time, he caused injury to his victim. Though he is still 16, the prosecutor believes that Edward poses a threat to the community. Edward's public defender believes he should still be under the jurisdiction of the juvenile courts. In the state in which Edward resides, an armed robbery is automatically transferrable to the adult court. This type of transfer is referred to as a(an):
a. judicial waiver.
b. prosecutorial waiver.
c. statutorial exclusion.
d. public defender request.
Q:
Edward is 16 years old. He was sentenced to a juvenile facility for possession of marijuana and for armed robbery. He is a habitual offender who previously violated his probation and was thrown out of his residential program.
After he completes his time in the residential facility, Edward is supervised so that he can make an adjustment to community living. This supervision is known as:
a. aftercare.
b. boot camp.
c. probation.
d. wilderness program.
Q:
Edward is 16 years old. He was sentenced to a juvenile facility for possession of marijuana and for armed robbery. He is a habitual offender who previously violated his probation and was thrown out of his residential program.
The judge decides to sentence Edward to the juvenile facility and the average stay for most juveniles. Based on the text, how long should Edward expect to reside in the residential facility?
a. 1 to 2 months
b. 3 to 4 months
c. 1 to 2 years
d. 3 to 5 years
Q:
Edward is 16 years old. He was sentenced to a juvenile facility for possession of marijuana and for armed robbery. He is a habitual offender who previously violated his probation and was thrown out of his residential program.
Edward's previous residential program was a nonsecure residence that provided counseling, education, job training, and family living. He was living with the Scott family when he was rearrested for these new charges. The Scott's told him he could not return to their home. What type of residential program was Edward in?
a. group home
b. family group home
c. boot camp
d. wilderness program
Q:
Jessica is 15 years old. She is always fighting with her parents over her behavior and her choice of friends. She is failing all her classes because she continually skips school. She has also run away from her house three separate times. Her parents do not know what to do with her; they are unable to manage her behavior, and she was recently brought into custody for stealing a car.
Because this is Jessica's first criminal offense, the judge decides to keep her in the community in her parent's home under the supervision of an officer of the court. Jessica has been sentenced to:
a. parole.
b. probation.
c. a residential program.
d. group home.
Q:
Jessica is 15 years old. She is always fighting with her parents over her behavior and her choice of friends. She is failing all her classes because she continually skips school. She has also run away from her house three separate times. Her parents do not know what to do with her; they are unable to manage her behavior, and she was recently brought into custody for stealing a car.
The juvenile court judge determines that Jessica is guilty of the offense she is charged with. The next step is to determine what her sentence will be. This will take place at the:
a. adjudicatory hearing.
b. detention hearing.
c. dispositional hearing.
d. intake hearing.
Q:
Jessica is 15 years old. She is always fighting with her parents over her behavior and her choice of friends. She is failing all her classes because she continually skips school. She has also run away from her house three separate times. Her parents do not know what to do with her; they are unable to manage her behavior, and she was recently brought into custody for stealing a car.
Jessica was charged with motor vehicle theft. Her attorney informs her that there will be a trial. In juvenile court this trial is known as a(an):
a. adjudicatory hearing.
b. detention hearing.
c. dispositional hearing.
d. intake hearing.
Q:
Jessica is 15 years old. She is always fighting with her parents over her behavior and her choice of friends. She is failing all her classes because she continually skips school. She has also run away from her house three separate times. Her parents do not know what to do with her; they are unable to manage her behavior, and she was recently brought into custody for stealing a car.
Which of Jessica's behaviors is considered a delinquent act?
a. stealing a car
b. skipping school
c. running away
d. talking back to her parents
Q:
Jessica is 15 years old. She is always fighting with her parents over her behavior and her choice of friends. She is failing all her classes because she continually skips school. She has also run away from her house three separate times. Her parents do not know what to do with her; they are unable to manage her behavior, and she was recently brought into custody for stealing a car.
Which of the following of Jessica's behavior is considered a status offense?
a. truancy
b. running away
c. unmanageable
d. all of these
Q:
Which case decided that a juvenile who commits a nonhomicide crime cannot be sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole?
a. Graham v. Florida
b. Furman v. Georgia
c. Gregg v. Georgia
d. Roper v. Simmons
Q:
What dispositions are available to juveniles who are transferred to adult court?
a. Cases can be dismissed.
b. Offenders can be placed on probation.
c. Offenders can be placed in adult correctional facilities.
d. All of these.
Q:
Which type of waiver to adult court automatically transfers perpetrators to adult court?
a. judicial waiver
b. prosecutorial waiver
c. statutorial exclusion
d. public defender request
Q:
What is the most widely used transfer mechanism when sending juveniles to adult court?
a. judicial waiver
b. prosecutorial waiver
c. statutorial exclusion
d. public defender request
Q:
What is the age where most states will transfer juveniles to adult court?
a. 13
b. 14
c. 15
d. 16
Q:
What is the juvenile equivalent of parole in the adult criminal justice system?
a. aftercare
b. boot camp
c. probation
d. wilderness program
Q:
Residential programs for juveniles consist of:
a. family group homes.
b. boot camps.
c. wilderness programs.
d. all of these.
Q:
Females in juvenile institutions are:
a. fewer than males.
b. more likely to be incarcerated for status offenses.
c. incarcerated for longer terms than males.
d. all of these.
Q:
The majority of incarcerated youths are charged with:
a. person, property, or drug offenses.
b. murder.
c. truancy.
d. none of these choices.
Q:
Since 1999, the number of juvenile offenders in custody is:
a. increasing.
b. decreasing.
c. staying the same.
d. none of these choices.
Q:
Programs that allow youthful offenders to live at home while receiving services in the community are known as:
a. group homes.
b. wilderness programs.
c. nonresidential programs.
d. boot camps.
Q:
Nonsecure residences that provide counseling, education, job training, and family living are known as:
a. group homes.
b. wilderness programs.
c. residential programs.
d. boot camps.
Q:
According to the text, programs that attempt to improve the self-confidence of youth are called:
a. group homes.
b. family group homes.
c. boot camps.
d. wilderness programs.
Q:
Programs conducted for the rehabilitation of youthful offenders within community-based and institutional settings are known as:
a. group homes.
b. wilderness programs.
c. residential programs.
d. boot camps.
Q:
Juvenile probation:
a. can only last a maximum of 1 year.
b. is often ordered for an indefinite amount of time.
c. can only last 6 months.
d. can extend past the age of majority.
Q:
Probation and other forms of treatment for juvenile offenders emphasize:
a. incarceration without treatment.
b. treatment without incarceration.
c. treatment and incarceration.
d. none of these choices.
Q:
Why do some states incarcerate juveniles at a much higher rate than others?
a. They have high rates of juvenile property crime and adult violent crime.
b. They have higher adult custody rates.
c. There is a cultural acceptance of punitive policies.
d. All of these.
Q:
Adult probation officers are different than juvenile probation officers in that:
a. they are more focused on treatment.
b. they maintain contact with the families.
c. they provide specialized services.
d. they emphasize more public safety and surveillance.
Q:
Approximately how many juveniles are placed on formal probation each year in the United States?
a. 10,000
b. 100,000
c. 500,000
d. 1,000,000
Q:
The primary form of community treatment used by the juvenile justice system is:
a. incarceration.
b. probation.
c. house arrest.
d. none of these choices.
Q:
According to the text, a juvenile who runs away from home is an example of what type of offender?
a. status offender
b. chronic offender
c. criminal
d. none of these choices
Q:
What is one difference between the juvenile and adult system?
a. Police officers use discretion only with juveniles.
b. Only adults receive their Miranda rights.
c. Plea bargaining is used only with adults.
d. Only juveniles can be arrested for status offenses.
Q:
Similarities between the adult and juvenile system include:
a. the option to plea bargain.
b. parental involvement.
c. sealed records.
d. all of these choices.
Q:
Both the juvenile and adult systems deal with:
a. excessive caseloads.
b. institutional overcrowding.
c. staff burnout.
d. all of these choices.
Q:
What type of treatment facility restricts the movement of residents through staff monitoring, locked exits, and interior fence controls?
a. institutional treatment facilities
b. outpatient treatment facilities
c. community treatment facilities
d. none of these choices
Q:
Every state maintains an independent juvenile system that is based on:
a. a policy of treatment.
b. rehabilitation.
c. care for needy children.
d. all of these choices.
Q:
Community treatment refers to efforts to provide ____________________ for juveniles in need.
a. care
b. protection
c. treatment
d. all of these
Q:
The key provisions of the Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899 provided:
a. a separate court for delinquent and neglected children
b. separate institutions for adults and juveniles
c. probation programs for juveniles
d. all of these choices
Q:
The Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899 established:
a. the nation's first independent juvenile court
b. the death penalty for juveniles
c. parental support groups
d. none of these choices
Q:
A medieval English doctrine that sanctioned the right of the Crown to intervene in natural family relations whenever a child's welfare was threatened is known as:
a. power to the parents.
b. child savers.
c. parens patriae.
d. delinquents.
Q:
In the 1800s, what types of facilities were created to teach juvenile offenders traditional values?
a. Juvenile detention centers and jails
b. Asylums and training schools
c. both of these choices
d. neither of these choices